状语从句__时间+_原因

Grammar---Adverbialclausesoftime/reasonModule5(一)Adverbialclauseoftime:when、while,、as、after、before、since、until/till、every/eachtime、whenever…1、before=atanearliertimethan2、after=atalatertimethan3、whileandas=atthesametimeaswhileisusuallyusedwithlongeractionsandaswithshorteractions4、Since=fromthetimethat5、until=uptothetimethatwhenspeaking,wecanusetillinsteadofuntilwhen①当…时侯②就在这时Shewasdoingherhomeworkwhenshehadagoodidea.when、while、as的区别while①当…时侯（从句的谓语必须是持续性动词，与主句谓语同时进行且用进行时态；或从句用“be+表语”表示状态）②趁…之时；③然而(并列句)；④尽管as①当…时，在…的同时；②一边…一边…；③随着...Astimewentby,herealizedhismistake.1)_________hecomesheretomorrow,Iwillcallyou.(atthetimethat)2)Henryisinchargeoftheoffice_______Mr.Smithisaway.(duringthetimethat)3)HelearnedtospeakEnglish______hewashere.4)Iliketea_________shelikescoffee.5)_______theywerepickingtea,thegirlsweresinginghappily.6)Shesang_______sheworked.WhenwhilewhilewhileAsasExercisesbefore：1、IhadenteredtheclassroombeforeIheardthebell.2、You’dbetterwriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.3、Lookbeforeyouleap.（三思而后行）4、ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomehereagain.5、HerushedoutoftheroombeforeIcouldsayaword.注意英汉的差别1、“在…之前；才…；2、还没来得及…就；3、(没)过多长时间就；4、趁还没…；5、一…就…”等。Before句型小结•Itwon’tbelongbeforesb．doessth．Itwasn’tlongbeforesb.did.sth.不用多久某人就会•Itwillbelongbeforesb．does.sth.ltwaslongbeforesb．did.sth．要过很久某人才会做•Itwillbe+一段时间+beforesb.does.sth.Itwas+一段时间+beforesb.did.sth.要过一段时间后某人才会做E.g.Itwillbethreeyearsbeforehegraduates．Hehadappliedthejobthreetimesbeforehewasfinallyaccepted．it+be+time+before句型归纳1.Itwasnotlongbeforeshelearnedthosepoemsbyheart.2.Itwaslongbeforethepolicearrived.3.Itwillbehoursbeforehemakesadecision.4.Itwillnotbehoursbeforewemeetagain.•用不了多久又一条新的遂道就要建成穿过黄浦江。•Itwon’tbelongbeforeanewtunnelisbuiltacrosstheHuangPuRiver.•过了好多年他才知道谁在他困难时帮助了他。•Itwasmanyyearsbeforeheknewwhohadhelpedhimwhenhewasintrouble.Since的用法eg:Itisfiveyearssinceshecamebacktosettledownfromabroad.eg:ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantosmoke.eg:ItisthreeyearssinceIsmokedacigarette.eg:Itisfouryearssincehelivedhere.注意：这个句型的时间要从since从句中作谓语的动作或状态结束后算起；如果since从句的谓语是持续性或反复性动词时，要按否定来理解。Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since…“自从…以来已有多长时间了”themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant,1、Theenginestartedtheminutethebuttonwaspressed.2、Thelampwilllightthemomentyoupressthebutton.3、IknewIhadmadeamistaketheinstantIhaddoneit.一…就…assoonasassoonasnosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…when注意:nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…when中否定词放句首时主句要部分倒装，并且用过去完成时态）一…就…1、Hardly/ScarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.2、NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorainUntil/till•用于肯定句，句子的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，如：•Itwaslargelyforgottenuntilitwasdiscoveredagainin1858.•IstudiedEnglishuntil9o’clocklastnight.•Continueinthisdirectionuntilyouseeasign.•注意：•until可以位于句首，till则不能;•Untilyoutoldme，Ihadnoideaofit.•Iwillwaitforyoutill/untilyoucomeback.2.not…until---直到……才Ididn’tgotosleepuntil11o’clock.Hedidn’tleavetheofficeuntilhefinishedthework.Thelittleboydidn’tstopcryinguntilhesawhismother.till/until引导的时间状语从句，如果主句中的动词为瞬间动词，主句必须用否定形式。Notuntil在句首，主句用倒装,如：Ididn’tgotosleepuntil11o’clock.Notuntil11o’clockdidIgotosleep.Hedidn’tleavetheofficeuntilhefinishedthework.Notuntilhefinishedtheworkdidheleavetheoffice.Thelittleboydidn’tstopcryinguntilhesawhismother.Notuntilhesawhismotherdidthelittleboystopcrying.Youwillnotunderstandthebeautyuntilyouseeitwithyourowneyes.Notuntilyouseeitwithyourowneyeswillyouunderstandthebeauty.•Itis/wasnotuntil…that…为强调结构•Hedidn’tleavetheofficeuntilhefinishedthework.•Itwasnotuntilhefinishedtheworkthathelefttheoffice.Ididn’tgotosleepuntil11o’clock.•Itwasnotuntil11o’clockthatIwenttosleep.Youwillnotunderstandthebeautyuntilyouseeitwithyourowneyes.Itisnotuntilyouseeitwithyourowneyesthatyouwillunderstandthebeauty.他直到病了才意识到健康的重要性。1、Hedidn’trealizetheimportanceofhealthuntilhewasill.2、Notuntilhewasilldidherealizetheimportanceofhealth.3、Itwasnotuntilhewasillthatherealizedtheimportanceofhealth.（二）AdverbialClausesofReasonbecause,since,as,nowthat,for1）because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或since。1、Ididn’tgobecauseIwasafraid.2、Since/Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.2）由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。1、Heisabsenttoday,because/forheisill.2、Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.because,since,as和for其他类的状语从句和连接词•地点：where,wherever•条件：if/unless/aslongas•让步：though/although/eventhough/evenif•结果：so/such…that•目的：sothat,inorderthat•Hewenttobedearlysothathecouldcatchtheearlybusthenextday.•方式、比较：as,asif,asthough•状语从句的学习重点是什么？