英语写作之句子

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写作技能如何写好简单句当一个句子只包含一个主谓结构时称为简单句。句子的两个主要组成部分是主语和谓语,而谓语都是由动词构成的。因此,动词在句子中起着极其重要的作用,可以说是句子的核心。在英语中,各类动词后有不同的结构,从而构成不同的句型,抓住动词及它们引起的各种句型,就会对英语句子有一个总的概念。简单句大体上可以分为下面五种类型:1.主语+不及物动词(S+Vi.)Thelittlebabysmiled.婴儿笑了。2.主语+及物动词+宾语(S+Vt.+O)LilyknowsFrench.Everybodylaughedatthatuglyboy.3.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+Vt.+IO+DO)Mygrandmothertoldmeastory.Myuncleboughtanewcomputerforme.我的叔叔给我买了一台新电脑。4.主语+系动词+表语(S+V.+P)Thefoodis(tastes)verydelicious.5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+Vt.+O+C)Thenewsmadeussurprised.MissWangtoldmenottobediscouraged.王女士告诉我别气馁。即时练习——1.at,red,face,news,her,turned,the2.we,bus,catch,soasto,got,first,up,the,early3.a,made,she,dress,beautiful,me4.first,my,made,homework,me,do,mymother5.found,with,family,to,it,your,very,I,pleasant,beHerfaceturnedredatthenews.Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirstbus.Shemademeabeautifuldress.Mymothermademedomyhomeworkfirst.Ifounditverypleasanttobewithyourfamily.写作技能简单句型的高级形式简单句其实也可以不简单,若将简单句与非谓语动词短语、形容词短语、同位语、独立主格结构等巧妙地合在一起,不但可以表达更丰富的内容,而且可以使句子变得更精彩,充分显示你的英语表1.同位语:Iwanttohaveapenfriend,我想有一个笔友,希望是一个二十出头且兴趣相投的女孩子。2.形容词短语:,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.出生于美国的托马斯·爱迪生是一个伟大的科学家和发明家。3.不定式短语:,weneedtodosports...为了学习好,我们需要体育运动……4.现在分词短语:Inthispicture,amotherbirdstaysinhernestinabigtree,.在这幅图中,一个鸟妈妈呆在一棵大树的鸟巢里,观看她的鸟仔飞走。hopefullyagirlinherearlytwentiesandwithinterestssimilartomine.BorninAmericaInordertostudywellwatchingherbabiesflyingaway.5.过去分词短语:,mobilephonesandtheInternetarefasterandmuchmoreconvenient.6.介词短语:,heencouragesustothinkbyourselves.他鼓励我们独立思考,而不是马上告诉我们答案.ComparedwithlettersandpublicphonesInsteadofgivingusanswersimmediately即时练习——按括号中的提示翻译下列句子1.我是李华,四川的一个学生。(同位语)2.与其他老师相比,摩尔先生更注意教学方法。3.北京动物园,建于1906年,有100多年的历史了。I’mLiHua,astudentinSichuan.Comparedwithotherteachers,Mr.Moorepaysmoreattentiontohiswayofteaching.TheBeijingZoo,builtin1906,hasahistoryofmorethan100years.4.李华在公共汽车站等601路公交车去上学。(现在5.我们学生应当通过努力学习而不是考试作弊来试LiHuawasatthebusstop,waitingforBusNo.601togotoschool.Westudentsshouldtrytogetgoodresultsbystudyinghardinsteadofcheatinginexaminations.写作技能简单句的扩展句子的扩展,就是在名词前后加上前置或后置定语,在动词、形容词或者副词前后加上适当的状语,或增加修饰整个句子的状语,等等,其目的是使结构形式更饱满、内容表达更加清楚、语言表达更生动。我们练习句子的扩展,有助于循序渐进地实现由句到段的过渡。【例1】对Themanwasfamous.(主语+系动词+表语)一句进行扩展,可得到以下一些句子:a.Themanwasafamousartist.(划线部分为定语)namedMikeb.,themanwasveryfamous.(划线部分为状语)【例2】对Thestudentjumped.(主语+谓语)一句进行扩展,可得到以下一些句子:a.Thestudentjumped.(划线部分为定语)b.,thenaughtystudentjumped.(划线部分为状语)AttheageofseventeenbecauseofbeinggoodatplayingthepianonaughtywithglassesonHearingthegoodnewswithjoyinclasswithoutanyhesitation【例3】ChinesearemakingChinamorepowerful.(主语+谓语+宾语+宾补)一句进行扩展,可得到以下一些句子:a.ChinesearemakingChinamorepowerful.(划线部分为定语)b.,hard-workingandopen-mindedChinesearemakingfullofresourcesmorepowerful.(划线部分为状语)Hard-workingandopen-mindedfullofresourcesWithtimegoingonthanbeforeasexpected即时练习——按要求对下列句子进行扩展1.Studentsbuybooks.(至少要含非谓语、介词短语和从句等作定语)2.Studentswork.(至少要含非谓语、介词短语和从句等作状语)ThediligentstudentsinourclassoftenbuysomebookswritteninEnglishonscience,whicharereallywellworthbuying.Inordertoimprovetheirschoolsubjects,studentsworkhardintheclassroomsothattheyforgettogooutafterclass.3.Themangavemeapen.(至少含一个不定式短语,一个现在分词短语)Inordertohelpme,theoldmanstandingovertheregavemearedpentowritewiththedaybeforeyesterday.写作技能简单句合并成并列句或复合句有时为了使句子的连贯性更强,表达更为贴切、自然,我们在两个或者多个简单句之间加上and,but,or(或者,否则),for(因为),while(而,却),when(就在这个时候)等并列连词,就成为并列复合句。如:1.Theywerehappy.Theydeservedtheirhappiness.→Theywerehappyandtheydeservedtheirhappiness.2.Youmusthurry.You’llmisstheplane.→Youmusthurryoryou’llmisstheplane.3.Honeyissweet.Thebeestings.→Honeyissweet,butthebeestings.在两个或者多个简单句之间加上when,after,as,because,where,which,who等从属连词,可以使简单句变成复合句,从而扩展成高级句子。如:1.Iforgottoposttheletter.Iwroteityesterday.(改为含定语从句的复合句)→IforgottoposttheletterwhichIwroteyesterday.2.Hemissedthefirstbus.Hecametoschoollate.(改为含状语从句的复合句)→Becausehemissedthefirstbus,hecametoschoollate.→Hemissedthefirstbus,sohecametoschoollate.即时练习——按要求对下列句子进行扩展1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.(合并成一个并列句)Hewastired;sohewenttobed.2.Ourteachermustbeathome.Thedoorisopen.(合并成一个并列句)Ourteachermustbeathomeforthedoorisopen.3.Theywereintruthsisters.Itwasclear.(改为含名词性从句的复合句)Itwasclearthattheywereintruthsisters.写作技能如何写好并列句(一)并列连词的意义与作用由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句。并列句的基本句型是:“简单句+并列连词(或连接副词)+简单句”。不同的并列连词或连接副词表示不同的关系。所以,要写好并列句,首先必须了解每个并列连词的意义和功能。下表是对所有并列连词(或连接副词)的归类与功能的概括。并列连词其他意思相似的并列连词在句子中表示的意思andfurthermore,besides,inaddition,moreover,also,likewise,notonly...but(also)...并列或递进(此外,而且)but,yethowever,nevertheless,still,incontrast,while对比(但是;然而)for原因(因为)orotherwise,not...but...,either...or...选择(或者,否则,不然的话)soconsequently,therefore,thus,accordingly,then结果(因此,所以)norneither否定选择(也不)即时练习——请选择用的并列连词填空1.Idon’tagreewithyou,doesmypartner.2.Findoutwheretheyaregoingthiseveningaskifwemayjointhem.3.Hewasveryseriouslyill;doctorshavealmostgivenuphopeofhisrecovery.4.Theygotoconcertsofpopmusictheyreallylikeit.5.Shecan’thopetopasstheexaminDecember,________she’llhavetowaittillJune.6.Hebroketherulesoftheschool;_____hehadtoleave.nor/neitherandthereforeforsotherefore7.Idon’tknowanythingagainsttheman;,Idon’ttrusthim.8.I’llbuyanewsuitwhenI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