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1雅思写作：小作文1.表示“主语”01)图表本身：table、line(bar/pie)chart(graph/diagram)02)数据形式：figures、statistics、information、data03)It形式主语、Therebe句型2.表示“上升”和“下降”01)rise(to)02)increase(to)03)goup(to)04)anupwardtrend(in)05)fall(to)06)decline(to)07)drop(to)08)adownwardtrend(in)09)witharise/drop(etc.)of…10)surgefrom…to…：猛增11)beontherise12)beindecline13)down…(幅度)from...(高)to...(低)14)up…(幅度)from...(低)to...(高)15)rise/increase/drop(etc.)furtherfrom...to.../to...16)arise/drop(etc.)of+百分数/数字=a百分数/数字rise/drop(etc.)17)rise/drop(etc.)+数字/百分数/倍数=rise/drop(etc.)+arecordof+数字/百分数3.表示“平稳”01)remainstable(at)02)stayconstant(at)03)maintainthesamelevel(at)04)remainaroundthatfigure05)reachaplateau：到达（上升后的）平稳期06)nochange(in)07)beflatat：平稳在…08)leveloutat：平稳在…4.表示“波动”、“最高值”和“最低值”01)hoveraround：在…徘徊02)fluctuatearound/at：在…波动（点）03)fluctuatebetween...and...：在…波动（范围）04)riseanddrop(between…and…)：起伏（在…之间）05)peakat：在…达到最大值06)hitapeak(of…)07)reachthehighestpointat：在…达到最大值08)reachabottomat：在…达到最低值09)reachthelowestpointat：在…达到最低值25.表示“变化程度”01)dramatic→dramatically：巨大02)significant→significantly：巨大03)moderate→moderately：适度04)slight→slightly：微小05)minimal→minimally：极其微小6.表示“变化速度”01)sudden→suddenly：忽然02)rapid→rapidly：快速03)steady→steadily：平稳04)gradual→gradually：逐渐7.表示“说明”01)show02)illustrate03)describe04)unfold05)reveal8.表示“大约”01)about02)nearly03)around04)approximately9.表示“占据”01)makeup02)takeup03)accountfor04)becomposedof05)constitute06)comprise07)have/be/reach/hit10.表示“关于”01)about02)regarding03)concerning04)relatedto05)withregardto=asto：关于，就…而论（做状语）11.表示“时间”01)betweentheyear1995and200002)sincethen03)fromnow/thenon04)over/duringtheperiodfrom1995to200005)bytheendof200506)fromthe1970sonwards/from1994onwards07)fortenyearsorso/atleast308)inthose/thegivenyears/period(s)09)aged+岁数10)agedbetween…and…=agedfrom…to…11)inthefollowingthreeyears/period12)overthecourseofthelastcentury13)a100-yearperiod14)throughoutthefiveyearsfrom1995to200015)aten-yearhigh=anewhighintheten-yearperiod16)anewhigh/low12.表示“比较”01)倍数+as+形容词(+名词+动词)as02)morethan+倍数+as+形容词+as...03)数字/百分数/倍数+比较级+than04)数字/百分数/倍数more+名词+than...05)数字+more+名词e.g.1000moredogs：一百多只狗06)Ais+倍数+aslikelytodosth.asB07)Ais+百分数+up/down+onB：A比B高/低x%08)morethan+数字/百分数=over…=above…09)lessthan+数字/百分数=under…10)outgrow(比…快)、outweigh(比…重要)、outnumber(比…多)、outpace(追过)、overtake(赶上)11)表名次：first(place)、second(place)、third(place)…、number1、number2、number3…12)slipto+名次：滑到…13)plummetto+名次：快速落到…14)lead+名词(+intheraceof)=beaheadof+名词：领先于…15)beatahead16)followedby+名词(当状语)：后面紧接的是…17)following+名词(当状语)=behind+名词：落后于…18)followbehind(+in/sb.)：落后19)rankfirst(etc.)(onthelist)/topfive20)afourthlowestonrecord21)come+名次=comeinat+名次22)nextcomes+名词：接着是…23)AbeatBinto+名次：A打败B，使B成为…24)risetwoplacesto+名次：提高2个名次成为…25)100in1998versus98in2000：做状语26)in(marked)contrastto：与…对比起来，与…形成对比27)bycomparison：相比之下28)incontrast：相反13.描述扇形图01)thepercentageof02)theproportionof03)theportionof04)thequantityof405)thenumberof06)theamountof07)themajorityof08)theminorityof09)theentirebodyof10)thebulkof11)a(big/small)shareof+百分数14.表示流程图的“步骤”01)tobegin(with)02)firstofall03)secondly04)then/next05)afterthat06)finally/atlast07)inaddition/furthermore08)meanwhile/atthesametime09)inthenextstage/followingthis10)inthesubsequentstage15.表示流程图“首阶段”01)theprocessstartsfrom(+名词or动名词)02)atthefirst/initialstage03)atthebeginningofthecycle04)duringtheinitialphase05)…isthefirststepin…16.表示流程图“次阶段”01)thesecondstageis02)thenextstepintheprocessis17.表示流程图“末阶段”01)…isthelaststepintheprocedure02)Thefinalphaseoftheprocedureisabout03)Inthefinalphase04)Enteringthefinalphase18.有用的词组和短语standat、rangefrom…to…、takeintoaccount（考虑到）、typicallyfallinto…categories（典型地分为…种类）、conveycommonstages、accompanying、associated、combinedwith、approach+数字/百分数/倍数double+名词triple+名词sb.undergo/experience/see/enjoy/recordbeexpectedto/beprojectedto/belikelyto/bepredictedtoitispredictedthat…/itislikelythat…/itisestimatedthat…amere+百分数/数字+名词5staggering（巨大的）closeto+数字/百分数some+数字+(名词)another+百分数/数字theremaining+百分数/数字as+名词+increase/decrease（随着…的增加/减少）betweenhalfandtwo-thirdsintotalatotalof+名词orso（大约）accordingtowith+数字/百分数attherateofupto/downtoasmanyas（多达）ontheotherhandallthewayup/downtoatthispointinthecaseofonaverageasreflectedintheasmightbeexpectedascanbeseenin/fromasshownininterestinglyrespectivelyseparatelynotsurprisinglysomewhatsurprisinglyindeednamely（thatis）moreoverlikewise（同样地）notably（特别地）neverthelessnotwithstanding（尽管）arecordof+数字/百分数=arecord+数字/百分数bethesameas.../besimilarto...19.有用的句式01)…provide/give/presentanoverallview/overviewof…02)Tosummarise/Insummary/Overall/Assuggestedabove03)Itcanbeseenfrom…that…04)In…,itisanotherpicture.605)Itisclearlyevidentfromthe…that…06)Throughtheinformationthatisprovidedinthe…wecanlearnthat…07)Bybrieflyglancingat…itisapparentthat…08)Theinformationinthe…concludesthat…09)Whatisnotableisthat（值得注意的是）…10)Whatremainstrulyremarkableisthat（引人注目的是）…11)Itisevidentwhencomparing…12)…showsthechangesinthenumberof...overtheperiodfrom...to...13)…leadustotheconclusionthat...14)Ascanbeseenfromthe…,greatchangeshavetakenplacein...15)…showst