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Lesson59Inorout?西方狗文化•西方世界，享有“Man’sbestfriend”的狗，在西方具体文化表现中也大多数突显了其较高的地位。•第一，用“dog”来形容人，常常表示对一些人的赞扬，信任，这在汉语中是从未出现的。如aluckydog(幸运儿）、abigdog(大款，保镖等）、atopdog(一个身居要职的人）。•第二，在西方，人们养狗的方式也与西方大相径庭。在一些英美国家，人绝不让狗吃人剩下的残羹冷炙，狗有专门的狗食。在超市，狗食与人的食品放在一起销售，还有一些专门为狗提供服务的设施和商店，如：狗食店、狗餐厅、狗医院、狗旅社等。另外，还有专门为狗树碑立传、歌功颂德的。因此，狗成了他们的朋友，受到与人平等的尊重。Keywords＆expressions•Rex雷克斯•barkv.狗叫•pressv.按，压•pawn.脚爪•latchn.门闩•expertn.专家•developahabit养成习惯•removev.拆掉，取下•annoyedadj.生气的，恼火的Keywords＆expressions★barkv.狗叫Thedogisbarking.sb.isbarking.某人在咆哮Thedogbarkedatthevisitor.crow[krəu]公鸡喔喔叫mew[mju:]猫喵喵叫quack[kwæk]鸭子嘎嘎叫★pressv.按,压①vt.&vi.按，挤，压Canyoupressthatbuttonformeplease?②vt.催促，敦促，竭力劝说Idon’tliketobepressed.我不喜欢被人催促。★pawn.脚爪Thecat’spawwasburnt.Mydog’spawwasbleeding.cat'spaw被利用的人(由寓言而来)Idon‘twanttobeacat’spaw.我才不想被人利用。★latchn.门闩Youcan’twalkinbecausethedoorisonthelatch.onthelatch仅上门闩的，关着的，未上锁的offthelatch未上门闩的，虚掩的v.用门闩栓牢或用撞锁锁住Don’tforgettolatchthefrontdoorwhenyouleave.你离开的时候别忘了把前门锁上。★expertn.专家expertat/insth.在某一方面是专家expertat/indoingsth.Heisanexpertinmaths.anexpertthief一个熟练的贼beexpertatsth/doingsthbeexpertinsth/doingsth擅长….她对付孩子非常擅长。Sheisexpertathandlingchildren.Sheisexpertinhandlingchildren.★developv.养成developahabit①vt.&vi.发展，扩展Thevillagehasdevelopedintoatownnow.developingcountry发展中国家；developedcountry发达国家V-ed强调已经，V-ing强调正在，有时态的区别boilingwater滚开水；boiledwater开水②developthefilm冲洗胶卷★habitn.习惯(指个人习惯)Stopbitingyournails.It’sabadhabit.Shehasahabitofplayingwithherhairwhilereading.Hehasthehabitofstayinguplate他有熬夜的习惯。fallintothehabitofdoingsthgetintothehabitofdoingsthdevelopahabit/formahabit/makeahabit养成…习惯I’vegotintoahabitofturningontheTVassoonasIgethome.我养成了一回家就看电视的习惯。fallintobadhabit/getintobadhabit养成坏习惯kickthehabitofgetridofthehabitof戒除某嗜好/习惯You’dbettergetridofthehabitofbitingyournails.★removev.拆掉,取下removethedishes撤去碗碟removeone’shat脱掉帽子Myhusbandremovedthegate.拆门Theplayerwasremovedfromtheteam.开除remover迁移者，搬运工；清除剂TEXTLanguagepointsOurdog,Rex,usedtositoutsideourfrontgateandbark.frontgate前门would＝usedto过去常常Would表示过去的习惯性动作，在一般过去时的句子中经常与“evertime”连用：Everytimewemet,wewouldtalkforawhile.Everytimehecametotherestaurant,hewouldfirstaskforacupoftea.LanguagepointsEverytimehewantedtocomeintothegardenhewouldbarkuntilsomeoneopenedthegate.everytime＝when每当，每次，无论何时（everytime在这里为连词引导一个时间状语从句，表示“每次”、“每当”，主句中的would表示过去的习惯性动作。)Everytimewemet,wewouldtalkforawhile.我们每次见面都要聊一会儿。Hebroughtapresenteverytimehecametovisitus.not…until直到…才主句中的动词为非延续性动词we’llstayathomeuntiltherainstops.Wewon’tstartuntiltherainstops.LanguagepointsAstheneighborscomplainedofthenoise,myhusbandspentweekstraininghimtopresshispawonthelatchtolethimselfin.sb.spendtime(in)doingsth./onsth.（人作主语）Ispenttwoweeks(in)readingthisbook.Hehasspentalotoftimeonthisproject.Ittakessb.sometimestodosth.（事情做主语）trainsb.todosth.训练某人做某事presshispawonthelatch=pressthelatchpressthebutton=pressthefigureonthebuttonletsb.in让某人进来；letsb.out让某人出去letsb.dosth.让某人做某事letsb.down让某人失望Don’tletanystrangerinwhenyouarealoneathome.Helethimselfoutthroughthewindow.Rexsoonbecameanexpertatopeningthegate.becomeanexpertatdoingsth.成了……能手/专家/权威Expert常与介词at,in,on,with连用Johnisanexpertatdrivingacar.Sheisanexpertinflowers.Samisanexpertonthatproblem.LanguagepointsHowever,whenIwasgoingoutshoppinglastweek,Inoticedhiminthegardennearthegate.goingoutshopping加了out强调外出LanguagepointsThistimehewasbarkingsothatsomeonewouldlethimout.→sothat表示“为的是……”，引导目的状语从句1.请大声一点，以便我们能听见你。Pleasespeakupsothatwecanhearyou.2.为了我们不迟到，你能快点吗？Canyouhurryupsothatwewon’tbelate?LanguagepointsSincethen,hehasdevelopedanotherbadhabit.develop发展，扩展Thevillagehasdevelopedintoatownnow.It’shardtodevelopyourbusinessinthiscity.在这个城市扩展你的业务是困难的。显现出，产生，获得，养成Shedevelopedaninterestinswimming.LanguagepointsAssoonasheopensthegatefromtheoutside,hecomesintothegardenandwaitsuntilthegateshuts.Thenhesitsandbarksuntilsomeoneletshimout.Afterthisheimmediatelyletshimselfinandbeginsbarkingagain.LanguagepointsYesterdaymyhusbandremovedthegateandRexgotsoannoyedwehavenotseenhimsince.so…that…如此…以至于，结果状语从句，可以省略一个词，so或that都可以.Hewassoexcitedhecouldnotsayanything.since(在句尾)=sincethen:从那时起到现在为止,一般与完成时连用。Languagepoints【Specialdifficulties】【Specialdifficulties】表示目的的几种方式：to,inorderto,soasto,sothat,inorderthatMyhusbandspentweekstraininghimtopresshispawonthelatchtolethimselfin.Thistimehewasbarkingsothatsomeonewouldlethimout.Westartoutearlyinordertoavoidtraffic.Imovedtothefrontofthebussoastogetagoodviewofthecountryside.HelefttheletteronthetableinorderthatImightseeit.【Specialdifficulties】在bring,buy,need,take,use,want等动词后常用“宾语+to”而不用”宾语+inorderto/soasto”:Iwantsomethingtodrink.（不能说:Iwantsomethinginordertodrink.)Bringmeachairtositon.连词sothat，inorderthat可以引导目的状语从句。目的状语从句必须具备一个特征,在动词前面一定要出现情态动词.当主句用一般现在时、现在完成时或一般将来时的时候，sothat和inorderthat后面可以跟may，can或will；当主句用一般过去时、过去进行时或过去完成时的时候，sothat和inorderthat后面可以跟should，could，might或would。Iarrivdearlysothat/inorderthatImightnotmissanything.当前后主语不一致时，不定式前面加for+名词/代词比that结构更简洁，不定式的逻辑主语forsb.todosth.Hewasbarkingforsomeonetolethimout.=Hewasbarkingsothatsomeonewouldlethimout.Thankyou!