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高一英语Module2Unit1GrammarusagePresentperfecttense(1)TheformofthePresentperfecttensehave/has+过去分词ThedisappearanceofJustin________(make)Kellyveryunhappy.hasmadeWeusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutthingsthathappenedintherecentpast,butareconnectedtothepresent.Note:TheusesofthepresentperfecttenseI____________(notsee)JustinsincelastFridaynight.havenotseenWealsousethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutsomethingthatstartedinthepast,andisstillhappeningnow.Note:1.We___________(study)Englishforaboutfiveyears.2.They_________(live)inthesouthsincetheirdaughterwasborn.3.Thestudent__________(finish)herhomeworkalready.havestudiedhavelivedhasfinishedWeusethepresentperfecttensewhentheexacttimeofanactionisnotclearorimportant.Weuseitwithtimeexpressionssuchas:already,ever,for,just,lately,never,recently,since,yetNote:already,yet,for,sinceWeusealreadyforaffirmativestatementsandyetfornegativestatements.Weusefor+aperiodoftimeandsince+apointintime.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutactionsthatwerecompletedonlyashorttimeago.Inthiscase,justisused.Payattentiontothepositionofjust.Note:Hehasjustgoneout.(=Heisnotherenow.)Ihavejustheardthenews.(=NowIknowthenews.)Wecanalsousethepresentperfecttenseforrepeatedactions,thatis,weusethepresentperfecttensewiththetimeexpressionsonce/twice/threetimes…I_________(read)yourarticlethreetimes.It’swellwritten.havereadNote:Thepresentperfecttenseisnormallyusedforanactionwhichlaststhroughoutanincompleteperiod,butwiththepastsimpletense,weusetimeexpressionswhichisafixedpointinthepast.1.Tomhashadabadcarcrash.(He’sprobablystillinhospitalnow.)Tomhadabadcarcrash.(Buthe’sprobablyoutofhospitalnow.)2.Thelifthasbrokendown.(Wehavetousethestairs.)Theliftbrokedown.(Butit’sprobablyworkingagainnow.)Forapastactionwhosetimeisnotdefiniteandoftenhasaresultinthepresent.Wehaven’tseenJustinforaweek.(Heisstillmissing.)Justindisappearedlastweek.(ItmaymeanthatthisweekJustinishere.)Hehassmokedsinceheleftschool.(Hestillsmokes.)Hesmokedforsixmonths.(Itmeansthathestoppedsmokingthen.)Sometimes,however,theactionfinishesatthetimeofspeaking.Ithasbeenverycoldlatelybutit’sjustbeginningtogetwarmer.Onmeetingsomeone,youmaysay:Ihaven’tseenyouforages.(ButIseeyounow.)Tomhasrungupthreetimesthismorning.(Nowitisstillmorning.)Tomrangupthreetimesthismorning.(Nowitisnotmorning.)1.‘_____you_____mypen?’‘Yes,I____itonyourdeskjustnow.’(see)2.‘_____you____dinner?’‘Yes,I____itwithMary.’(have)3._____thepostman_____yetthismorning?____thepostman_____thismorning?(come)HaveHavehadDidHaveThepresentperfecttenseandthepastsimpletenseseencomecomehadsaw1.___thatdresswhenIfirstsawyouatthestation?A.WereyouwearingB.HaveyouwornC.DidyouwearD.DoyouwearA2.“Tellthestudentstostopshouting.We____ouressays.”A.writeB.havebeenwritingC.arewritingD.havewrittenC3.Myuncle,Sam,____managerofthefirm.A.hasjustmadeB.isjustbeingmadeC.hasjustbeenmadeD.isjustmade4.Thisisthefirsttimethestudents____toHydePark.A.havegoneB.havebeengoneC.havebeengoingD.arebeinggoneCA现在完成时用法①表示到现在为止的这一段时间里所发生的动作（多次动作的总和）或情况（某种状态的延续）：Wehavelearnt500Englishwordsthisterm.本学期我们学了500个英语单词。（动作的总和）Theyhavebuiltthreebridgesovertheriversince1970.1970年以来他们在这条河上架起了三座桥梁。（动作的总和）Mr.Whitehasworkedherefortenyears.怀特先生在这里工作了10年。（状态的延续）Myfatherhasbeensickfortwoweeks.我父亲生病两个星期了。（状态的延续）②表示对现状有影响的某一已经发生的动作（强调这一动作对现在的影响）：Theprofessorhavealreadygonetothelaboratory.教授已经到实验室去了。(Theprofessorisnotherenow.)Shehasalreadyreadthenovel.她已经读了这本小说。(Sheknowsthenovel.)Ihaven’ttoldhimabouttheresult.我还没有告诉他这个结果。(Hedoesn’tknowtheresult.)③在现在完成时态中，瞬间动词不可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用：电影已经开演30分钟了。错误：Themoviehasbegunfor30minutes.正确：Themoviehasbeenonfor30minutes.他的祖父已经去世三年了错误：Hisgrandpahasdiedfor3years.正确：Hisgrandpahasbeendeadfor3years.他们回来已经有两天了。错误：Theyhavecomebackfortwodays.正确：Theyhavebeenbackfortwodays.④be在现在完成时中可表示一种经历：ThecouplehavebeentoTibetthreetimes.这对夫妇到西藏去过两次。比较：ShehasbeentoBeijingbefore.她以前到北京去过。（一种经历）ShehasgonetoBeijingalready.她已经到北京去了。(她不在此地,说明过去动作对现在的影响.)1.Greatchanges____inthecity,andalotoffactories____inthelastfiveyears.A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupB.havetakenplace;havebeensetupC.havetakenplace;havesetupD.havebeentakingplace;havesetup2.Hello!I____you____inLondon.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?A.don’tknow;wereB.hadn’tknown;areC.haven’tknown;areD.didn’tknow;wereBD3.---Where____therecorder?Ican’tseeitanywhere.---I____itrighthere.Butnowit’sgone!A.didyouput;haveputB.haveyouput;putC.hadyouput;wereputtingD.wereyouputting;haveput4.---Doyouknowourtownatall?---No,thisisthefirsttimeI____here.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcomingBB5.Idon’treallyworkhere,I____untilthenewsecretaryarrives.A.justhelpoutB.havejusthelpedoutC.amjusthelpingoutD.willjusthelpout6.---____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff.---Yes,italldependsontheweather.A.I’vebeentoldB.I’vetoldC.I’mtoldD.ItoldCA7.---Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.---Iamtired.I____theliving-roomallday.A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted8.---Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!---Oh,I’mterriblysorry._____.A.I’mnotnoticingB.Iwasn’tnoticingC.Ihaven’tnoticedD.Idon’tnoticeCB9.ThereportersaidthattheUFO____easttowestwhenhesawit.A.wastravelingB.traveledC.hadbeentr