机电专业英语第2版3Unit 3 Machine Tools 机床

MachineToolsUnit3机床第2/42页机电专业英语徐存善主编上一页下一页MachineTools第3/42页机电专业英语徐存善主编上一页下一页MachineTools第4/42页Text上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编Mostofthemechanicaloperationsarecommonlyperformedonfivebasicmachinetools：•Thedrillpress;•Thelathe;•Theshaperorplaner;•Themillingmachine;•Thegrinder.第5/42页Text上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编DrillingDrillingisperformedwitharotatingtoolcalledadrill.Mostdrillinginmetalisdonewithatwistdrill.Themachineusedfordrillingiscalledadrillpress.Operations,suchasreamingandtapping,arealsoclassifiedasdrilling.Reamingconsistsofremovingasmallamountofmetalfromaholealreadydrilled.Tappingistheprocessofcuttingathreadinsideaholesothatacapscreworboltmaybethreadedintoit.第6/42页Text上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编TurningandBoringThelatheiscommonlycalledthefatheroftheentiremachinetoolfamily.Forturningoperations,thelatheusesasingle-pointcuttingtool,whichremovesmetalasittravelspasttherevolvingworkpiece.Turningoperationsarerequiredtomakemanydifferentcylindricalshapes,suchasaxes,gearblanks,pulleys,andthreadedshafts.Boringoperationsareperformedtoenlarge,finish,andaccuratelylocateholes.第7/42页Text上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编MillingMillingremovesmetalwitharevolving,multiplecuttingedgetoolscalledmillingcutter.Millingcuttersaremadeinmanystylesandsizes.Somehaveasfewastwocuttingedgesandothershave30ormore.Millingcanproduceflatorangledsurfaces,grooves,slots,gearteeth,andotherprofiles,dependingontheshapeofthecuttersbeingused.第8/42页Text上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编ShapingandPlaningShapingandplaningproduceflatsurfaceswithasingle-pointcuttingtool.Inshaping,thecuttingtoolonashaperreciprocatesormovesbackandforthwhiletheworkisfedautomaticallytowardsthetool.Inplaning,theworkpieceisattachedtoaworktablethatreciprocatespastthecuttingtool.Thecuttingtoolisautomaticallyfedintotheworkpieceasmallamountoneachstroke.第9/42页Text上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编GrindingGrindingmakesuseofabrasiveparticlestodothecutting.Grindingoperationsmaybeclassifiedasprecisionornonprecision,dependingonthepurpose.Precisiongrindingisconcernedwithgrindingtoclosetolerancesandverysmoothfinish.Nonprecisiongrindinginvolvestheremovalofmetalwhereaccuracyisnotimportant.第10/42页NewwordsandphrasesText上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编drill[dril]n.钻床，钻头，训练vi.钻孔，训练vt.钻孔，训练lathe[leið]n.车床，机床vt.用车床加工shaper['ʃeipə]n.牛头刨床，造型者，整形器，造型者planer['pleinə]n.龙门刨床，刨床，刨工milling['miliŋ]n.磨，制粉，【机械学】铣削v.碾磨，磨成粉grinder['ɡraində]n.磨床，研磨机，砂轮(机)twist[twist]n.扭曲vt.捻，拧，扭伤vi.扭动，弯曲ream[ri:m]vt.铰孔n.令（纸张的计数单位），大量tap[tæp]vt.轻敲,轻拍，攻丝vi.轻拍，轻击n.水龙头screw[skru:]vt.旋，拧n.螺旋，螺丝钉vi.转动，拧bolt[bəult]n.螺栓，门闩vt.上门闩vi.逃跑adv.突然地第11/42页NewwordsandphrasesText上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编threaded[θ'redid]adj.有线状图案装饰的v.穿过，穿线于cylindrical[si'lindrikəl]adj.圆柱形的，圆柱体的，圆柱的pulley['puli]n.滑轮，皮带轮vt.用滑轮升起shaft[ʃɑ:ft;ʃæft]n.轴，杆状物vt.利用，在……上装杆boring['bɔ:riŋ]n.钻孔，镗削vt.钻(孔)，镗(孔)adj.无聊的groove[ɡru:v]n.槽vt.开槽于vi.形成沟槽slot[slɔt]狭缝，槽沟vt.在…上开狭缝vi.被放入狭孔reciprocate[ri'siprəkeit]vt.报答，互给vi.往复运动，酬答stroke[strəuk]n.冲程，打击；尝试vt.抚摸，划掉vi.敲击键盘abrasive[ə'breisiv]adj.粗糙的；有研磨作用的n.研磨料tolerance['tɔlərəns]n.公差，容忍，宽容第12/42页TechnicalTermsText上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编twistdrill麻花钻gearblank齿轮毛坯threadedshaft丝杠gearteeth轮齿backandforth反复地，来回地single-pointcuttingtool单刃刀具abrasiveparticle磨料颗粒第13/42页LanguagepointsText上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编1.Tappingistheprocessofcuttingathreadinsideaholesothatacapscreworboltmaybethreadedintoit.译文：攻丝是在孔里切出螺纹的过程，以便螺钉或螺栓能旋合进去。说明：句中processof…的过程，sothatacapscreworboltmaybethreadedintoit作目的状语。threaded[θ'redid]adj.有线状图案装饰的v.穿过；穿线于（thread的过去分词）1)relatedphrases：threadedconnection螺纹连接；threadedbush套筒螺母2）Eachleverhastwothreadedconnectorsforchaininstallation.每个杆都有两个螺纹连接器用于链条安装。3）Eachendisthreadedtoallowtheinstallationofvalves,connections,orreliefdevices.每一端都车有螺纹，以安装阀门、接头或减压装置。第14/42页LanguagepointsText上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编2.Forturningoperations,thelatheusesasingle-pointcuttingtool,whichremovesmetalasittravelspasttherevolvingworkpiece.译文：在车削操作中，车床用一个单刃切削刀具在旋转的工件上进行金属切削。说明：句中句中whichremovesmetalasittravelspasttherevolvingworkpiece.是非限制性定语从句，对asingle-pointcuttingtool作补充说明作用。turning['tə:niŋ]n.转向；旋转；回转；转弯处v.旋转（turn的ing形式）1)relatedphrases：turningmoment转矩；turningmachine车床2）Thetopisturninglikeascrew.那顶端象螺丝一样地旋转着。3）Spinthependulumroundbyturningtheredknob.转动红色的把手使钟摆开始转动。第15/42页LanguagepointsText上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编3.Millingcanproduceflatorangledsurfaces,grooves,slots,gearteeth,andotherprofiles,dependingontheshapeofthecuttersbeingused.译文：铣削根据所用的铣刀形状可分别加工平面或斜面、槽口、缝、齿轮的齿和其他的型面。说明：句中dependingontheshapeofthecuttersbeingused作条件状语。第16/42页LanguagepointsText上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编4.Inshaping,thecuttingtoolonashaperreciprocatesormovesbackandforthwhiletheworkisfedautomaticallytowardsthetool.译文：在刨削的操作中，当工件自动朝刀具方向进给时，牛头刨床上的刀具作往复或前后移动。说明：句中whiletheworkisfedautomaticallytowardsthetool作时间状语从句。reciprocate[ri'siprəkeit]vt.报答；互换；互给vi.往复运动；互换1）Thepistonisreciprocatinginsidecylinder.活塞在汽缸内部往复运动。2）IhopeIcanreciprocateyourhospitalitysometime.我希望下次能回报你的热情款待。第17/42页LanguagepointsText上一页下一页机电专业英语徐存善主编句中：backandforth反复地，来回地1）COMlinksallofcomponentsinthesystemtogether,enablingthemtopassrequestsandinformationbackandforth.COM将系统中的所有组件连接在一起，允许它们来回传送请求和信息。2）Shewalkedbackandforthonthepath.她在小路上来来回回地走着。第18/42页LanguagepointsText上一页下一