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主语谓语宾语定语状语补语表语动作行为的对象修饰名词或代词说明动作或状态特征补充说明表达主语具体情况主语1subject,是一句的主体，是在句中说明全句中心的部分。常用名词,代词,不定式,动名词或从句充当担任。一般位于于句首。一个句子的老大②Theyaregoodfriends.代词③Threeisenough.数词④Toseeistobelieve.不定式⑤Fishingisallowed.动名词⑥Whatheneedsisabook.主语从句①Studentsstudy.名词⑦Therichshouldhelpthepoor.名词化形容词Whereissubject?找出主语1Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.234Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Whathehassaidistrue.Hegetsupearlyeveryday.5Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.6Swimmingismyhobby.Exercise1.Marywithhertwodaughters_____goingtoShanghaiforExplo2010nextmonth.A.areB.wasC.isD.were2.____moreexercisedoesgoodtoyourhealth.A.DoB.DoesC.DidD.Doing3.____isimpossibletofinishthisjobbeforeWednesday.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.Theyit做形式主语，真正的主语在后面动词不能作主语YESORNO?不能作主语Doexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.Eattoomuchmeatisbadforyourhealth.谓语2predicate，是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面，通常有简单谓语和复合谓语。表达主语动作状态②Thelittlegirldanceswell.动词③Theplanetookoffat10o’clock.动词短语①WeloveChina.动词简单谓语谓语2表达主语动作状态②Youmuststayathome.情态动词+动词④Shelooksbeautiful.系动词+表语①Mysisteriscryingoverthere.系动词+表语复合谓语③Hehascaughtabadcold.助动词+V过分由情态动词或者其他助动词加动词构成，或由系动词加表语构成，系动词单独不作谓语Theyenjoyedplayingcomputergames.Helookedaftertwoboys.Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.TheycanspeakEnglishwell.Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.祈使句谓语SOMETHINGYOUMUSTNOTICEOpenthedoor,please!Goandgetsomewaterforme!Don’tlaughatothers!Don’tcomebacklatetonight.省略主语you&谓语动词用原形Exercise1.Itisdifficultforme______somuchworkwithinonenight.Canyouhelpme?A.finishB.finishingC.tofinishD.finished2.Johnwithtwoofhisfriends____toplaybasketballeverySundayafternoon.A.goB.wentC.goesD.gone3.__upearly,oryouwillmisstheearlybus.A.GotB.GetC.GettingD.Gets4.________upearlyisgoodforyourhealth.A.GotB.GetC.GettingD.Gets5.Wow!Thecaketastes_______!CanIhaveonemore?A.wellB.deliciouslyC.badD.good宾语3object，表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在动词或动词短语之后。介词后也会跟宾语。②Heoftenhelpsme.代词③Givemefourplease.数词①IlikeMusic.名词宾语3④Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.动名词⑤Hewantstodreamanicedream.不定式⑥Ithinkyouareright.从句⑦Iaminterestedinmusic.介词宾语IgiveyouapenIorderyoutostudy主主谓谓宾宾宾宾补youapen双宾两者中间无联系宾补两者有联系，只能是“你”学习ImadeyoumyassistantIkeeptheroomwarm宾补宾补动作身份状态宾语补足语：只补充说明宾语的动作、身份、状态。双宾VS宾补12区别动作身份状态34圈出宾语①Mybrotherhasn’tdonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourjob.①Weshouldcaremoreaboutourfriends.②Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.③Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.ABCAABCBCADBCCDBAABCD定语4attribute,单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之前，短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之后修饰名词或代词①thebeautifulgirl③theuglygirl②thegirlwhoisbeautiful④thegirlwhoisugly②Tom'sfatherdidn'tcomebackhomeuntilyesterday名词所有格③Emmaisabeautifulgirl.形容词①Sheisawomanworker.名词④Ihave5books数词⑤ThisisherfirsttriptoSwitzerland.形代/序数词/不定式定语⑦Ihavenothingtoeat.不定式⑥Itisaswimmingpool.动名词⑧Thegirlwithlonghairismysister.介词短语⑨Heistheboywhodancesbestinmyclass.从句寻找定语1.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.2.Somepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.DABCDABC3.Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.4.HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.5.ThepenboughtbyherismadeinChina.ADBCEADBCEADBC状语5adverbial,状语用来修饰动词，形容词或副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。说明动作或状态特征②Heiswritingwithapen.介词短语③Tomakehisdreamcometrue,Tombecomesveryinterestedinbusiness.不定式④Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.分词短语⑤Waitaminute名词⑥Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.从句①Lighttravelsmostquickly.副词及副词性词组状语5说明动作或状态特征②MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.地点状语③Iarrivedlatebecauseofthetrafficjam.原因状语④Hediditcarefully.方式状语⑤We'llsendacartofetchyou.目的状语⑥Ifhegoes,sowillI.条件状语①Howaboutmeetingagainatsix.时间状语⑦Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.让步状语⑧Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.伴随状语⑨Hewassotiredthathefellasleep.结果状语⑩Iamtallerthanheis.比较状语找出状语JUSTHAVEATRYTherewasabigsmileonherface.Hebeganwritingwhenhewaseleven.Unfortunately,helostallofhismoney.DACBDACBDACB补语6complement,英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用．补充说明宾语情况②Theresultmademeangry.形容词③Letthefreshairin.副词①Ifyouletmego,I’llmakeyouking.名词补语6补充说明宾语情况④Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.动词不定式⑤Wesawherenteringtheroom.现在分词⑥Wefoundeverythingingoodorderthere.介词短语⑦Isawhimgoingupstairs.现在分词⑧Theyfoundthehousebrokenin.过去分词1.TheycallmeLilysometimes.ACBD2.IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.3.Shefounditdifficulttodothework.4.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.EACBDACBDEACBDE表语7predicative,系动词之后。是用来说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份。表达主语具体情况②Isityours?代词③Theweatherhasturnedcold.形容词①Myfatherisaprofessor.名词④Timeisup.Theclassisover.副词⑤Threetimessevenistwentyone.数词⑥Themeetingisofgreatimportance.介词短语表语7系动词之后。是用来说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份。表达主语具体情况⑧Hishobbyisplayingfootball.动名词⑨Thespeechisexciting.分词⑦HisjobistoteachEnglish.不定式⑩Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.从句1.Everythinglooksnice.ACB2.Hisfaceturnedred.3.Theyareathomenow.4.Seeingisbelieving.ACBDACBDACB句子成分意义充当词类例句主语表示句子说的是什么人或什么事名，代，数，不定式，动名词，短语或句子WestudyinHuangQiaoMiddleSchool.谓语说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样动词或动词词组Sheisdancingunderthetree.宾语表示动作行为的对象同主语BothofuslikeEnglish.表语与联系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语的性质或特征同主语Herfatherisachemist.Hiswordssoundreasonable.定语用来修饰名词或代词形，代，数，名,副，介词短语或句子Wehaveeightlessonseveryday.状语修饰动词，形容词，副词，表示动作发生的时间，地点，原因，目的，方式，结果等副词，介词短语或句子Hewor