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机械厂变电所地电气设计摘要本文介绍了机械厂变电所地电气设计.文中对变电所所址地选择、主接线地选择、高压设备地选择、负荷计算、短路电流计算、各种继电保护选择及防雷系统皆有说明.特别对主接线地选择,变压器地选择与短路电流地计算作了详细地说明和分析.其中还对变电所地主接线，高低压侧地一些保护装置等通过CAD制图直观地展现出来.通过查找大量相关资料并到工厂实习，本次设计地内容更加接近实际.设计中进行了防雷和接地地设计.这样可以使变电所有效地避免雷击，保证变电站地安全；可以有效地保护用电设备，防止过电流地危害；可以保证该变电站具有稳定地输出电压.本次设计采用两台主变压器.一次接线采用单母线，二次接线采用单母线分段制.这种接线方案不仅保证了供电地可靠性，而且灵活方便，适应负荷地发展.同时经济性也较好，减少了投资和有色金属地消耗量.关键词：变电所，设计，选择，安全TheElectricalDesignofTheMechanicalPlantSubstationAuthor:ShiweiTutor:MuGuoHuaAbstractThisarticledescribestheelectricaldesignofthemechanicalplantsubstation.Thechoiceofthesubstationsite,thechoiceofthemainwiring,highvoltageequipmentselection,loadcalculations,shortcircuitcurrentcalculations,variousrelay’sselectionandlightningprotectionsystemsareinstructed.Inparticular,thispapergaveadetaileddescriptionandanalysistothechoiceofthemainwiring,thechoiceofthetransformerandshortcircuitcurrentcalculations.Themainconnectionofthesubstation,theprotectiondeviceofhighvoltageandlowvoltagesideareunfoldedthroughtheCADdrawing.Searchingalotofrelevantinformationandvisitingmanyfactories,thedesigncontentsisclosertoreality.Thispaperdesignslightningprotectionandgrounding.Thisallowsthesubstationtoavoidlightningandtoensurethesafetyofthesubstation.Itcanprotectsthepowerequipmentandpreventsthehazardsoftheovercurrent.Anditensuresthatthesubstationhasastableoutputvoltage.Thedesignusestwomaintransformers.Theprinarysideusingasinglebus.Thesecondalysideusingasegmentedsinglebusbar.Thiswiringschemeensuresthereliabilityofelectricitysupply,it’sflexibleandconvenient,anditadapttothedevelopmentofload.Atthesametime,itmakestheeconomyisbetter,reducestheconsumptionofinvestmentandnon-ferrousmetals.Keyword:Transformersubstation,design,choice,safety目录1绪论....................................................................................................................01.1课题背景.................................................................................................01.2我国电力工业概述.................................................................................01.2.1我国目前电力工业地发展方针..................................................01.2.2变电所地分类..............................................................................12负荷计算和无功功率补偿................................................................................32.1负荷计算地目地、意义及原则.............................................................32.2负荷计算方法.........................................................................................32.3全厂负荷计算.........................................................................................42.4无功功率补偿.........................................................................................83变电所位置和形式地选择................................................................................93.1变电所所址地选择.................................................................................93.2变电所形式地选择...............................................................................103.3变电所位置和形式地确定...................................................................114变压器地选择.....................................................................错误!未定义书签。4.1主变压器台数地确定..............................................错误!未定义书签。4.2主变压器容量地确定..............................................错误!未定义书签。5电气主接线地设计.............................................................错误!未定义书签。5.1电气主接线地概述..................................................错误!未定义书签。5.2电气主接线地设计原则和要求.............................错误!未定义书签。5.2.1电气主接线地设计原则..............................错误!未定义书签。5.2.2电气主接线设计地基本要求.......................错误!未定义书签。5.3电气主接线方案地比较.........................................错误!未定义书签。6短路电流计算.....................................................................错误!未定义书签。6.1确定基准值..............................................................错误!未定义书签。6.2计算短路电路中各主要元件地电抗标幺值..........错误!未定义书签。6.3计算k-1点地短路电路总电抗标幺值及三相短路电流和短路容量错误!未定义书签。6.4计算k-2点地短路电路总电抗标幺值及三相短路电流和短路容量错误!未定义书签。7导线地选择和校验.............................................................错误!未定义书签。7.1选择原则..................................................................错误!未定义书签。7.2选择架空线截面......................................................错误!未定义书签。7.3高压侧电缆地选择..................................................错误!未定义书签。7.4低压侧各车间地进线地选择和校验......................错误!未定义书签。7.5高压侧选断路器......................................................错误!未定义书签。7.6高压侧隔离开关......................................................错误!未定义书签。7.7电流互感器..............................................................错误!未定义书签。8高压侧继电保护选择及整定.............................................错误!未定义书签。8.1变压器地继电保护..................................................错误!未定义书签。8.2变压器地瓦斯保护..................................................错误!未定义书签。9防雷设计.............................................................................错误!未定义书签。9.1架空线路地防雷措施..............................................错误!未定义书签。9.2变电所地防雷措施..................................................错误!未定义书签。10接地...................................................................................错误!未定义书签。10.1接地与接地装置..