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UNIT1FoodWarmup-ThinkingabouttheTopicLookatthetwopicturesbelow.Talkaboutthemwithyourpartner.1Whattypeofenvironmentdothesepeopleandtheseplantslivein?2Matchthesedescriptionstotherightpicture:a....looklikeacactus,butarenotrelated.b....growindrysandyorrockyareas.c....movearoundtheKalaharidesertinsearchoffood.d....walklongdistancesonthehotsand.e....onlygrowabout400cmtall.f...haveflowerswhichare3-4cmacross.g....aretraditionalhunter-gatherers,whodonotgrowfood.3Now,worktogetherwithapartnertomakesomesentencesabouttheSanpeopleandthehoodiaplant.Speak,donotwrite.“Thesan…Hoodiaplants…BeginningtoreadSkimming-FindingthePassageStructureandtheMainIdeaCompletetheactivitiesbelowtopracticehowtodothis.Keeptothetimelimit!HoodiaTheSanliveinthatpartofAfricacalledtheKalahariDesert.Lifethereishard,andnaturecanbeharsh.Therearesomewherebetween45,000and100,000ofthemlivingincountrieslikeZambiaandZimbabwe.They'renotrichandtheydon'tliveinexpensivehouses.Therearenoroadsorschoolsorhospitalsnearthem.Theydon'thavemanymaterialpossessionslikecarsorcomputers,thingsthatpeopleinthedevelopedworldcan'tdowithout.Infact,theyhavemanyproblemssuchasunemploymentandpoverty.Ontopofthis,theyalsosufferfromalcoholism,drinkingATIPForIELTSreading,youneedtobeabletoreadQUICKLYtofindmainideasandthestructure,ororganisation,ofthereadingpassage.toforgettheirproblems.They'retheSan,atribeoftraditionalhunter-gatherers,whousedtotravelinsearchoffoodfortheirfamiliesinsteadofgrowingitorkeepinganimals.Theyhaveaculturethatis20,000yearsold,buttheiroldwayoflifeisdisappearingfastandhasnearlygoneforever.Soyes,they'repoor,andyes,theirlifestyleisnotattractivetooutsiders,buttheydohaveonethingthatcertainpeopleinthedevelopedworldarevery,veryinterestedinandwanttohave,andthatmaymakethemsomemoney.It'scalledhoodia.Manycountrieshavebasic,commoncropsthat.peopleplantforfood,suchasriceorpotatoes.PotatoesaregrowninmanyEuropeancountriesaswellasSouthAmerica(Theyoriginatedthere!),andriceisastaplefoodinAsia.Butnotallplantsaregrowjustforfood;someofthemcanalsobeusedasmedicine.Afewexamplesaregarlic,whichissaidtohelpwithcoldsorhighbloodpressure,gingertohelpwithheadachesortoothache,orthemagnoliatreewhichisusedinChinesetraditionalmedicinetotreatsomeformsofcancerandheartdisease.Hoodia,acactus-likeplant,onlygrowsintheareawheretheSanlive,andtheyknowwheretofinditandthebesttimetouseit.Theyhaveknownaboutitforcenturiesandtheyunderstandhowtouseit,buttheydon'tuseitforfood,andtheydon'tuseittocurediseaseeither.Theyuseittofighthunger.IntheolddayswhentheSanhadtotravelinsearchoffood,theyandtheirchildrensometimeshadtogowithoutfoodforseveraldays.Thiswasevenlongerintimesoffamineorwhentherainsfailed.Theyatethehoodiaplantwhentheywerestarving,tohelpthemsurviveuntiltheyfoundfood,tostoptheirchildrenfromcrying,andtogivethemthestrengthtocontinuetheirsearch.However,itdidn'tgivethemenergylikenormalfoodwould.Instead,thechemicalsinthehoodiaplantkilledthefeelingofhungerandstoppedthemwantingfood.Theydidn'tknowexactlyhowitworked;theonlythingtheyknewforcertainwasthatitdidwork.ScientistshavenowdiscoveredthattheplantcontainsasubstancewhichtheyhavecalledP57.Thischemicalmakesthebrainbelievethatthestomachisfullandthatthebodydoesn'tneedfood.Thatiswhypeopleinthedevelopedworld,especiallythoseinpharmaceuticalcompanies,areextremelyinterestedinthisverypromisingplant.Obesityinthedevelopedworldisahugeandgrowingproblem,notonlyamongadults,butincreasinglyamongchildren.Ithasbeenestimatedthatupto50%ofpeopleinthedevelopedworldareoverweightand20%oftheseareobese;atthetimeofwriting,forexample,30%ofChinesechildrenwereconsideredtobetooheavyfortheirage.Onecauseofobesityiseatingtoomuch,toooften,andanotheriseatingthewrongkindoffood.Ourgrandparentshadthetimetopreparesimpleyetnourishingmeals,andtheydidn'thavemoneytoaffordexpensivefood.Theydidn'teatasmuchmeatorfattyfoodsaswedonowadays,andthat'sonereasonwhytheywereslimmerandhealthierthantheirdescendants.Todaywehavelesstimetocook,andwehaveBCDEmoremoney,sotheeasiestthingtodoistobuyready-mademeals.Theymaybeconvenientandtastegood,butthey'reoftenhighinfat,saltandsugar.Toomuchofthesemakepeopleunhealthyandfat.Theyneedtoloseweight,andthat'swherehoodiacomesin.Itseemstobetheperfectsolution.PeopleintheWestwanttoloseweightandhoodiaisideal.Westerncompaniespayfortherighttousethesecretsofthehoodiaplant;bysellingtheserightstotheWest,theSanmakemoneyandcanthenhelpthemselves.ObesepeopleloseweightandtheSanpeoplemakeaprofit,soeveryoneishappy.ReadthefirstandlastsentenceONLYofeachparagraphinthereadingpassage.TakeNOMORETHANFIVEminutestodothis.4Putthesesimpleheadingsintothesameorderasthepassageitself.Writethenumberoftheparagraphbesideeachone.a._________Hoodiamayhelppeopletoloseweight.b._________Somechildrenhaveaweightprobleminthedevelopedworld.c._________Mostplaceshaveastaplefood.d._________TheSancanbefoundinKalaharidesertinAfrica.e._________TheSanlearnttosurvivewithoutfoodfordaysonend.f.__________HoodiacontainsP57.SkimmingtoSummarisetheReadingPassage1Now,workwithapartnertocompleteabriefsummaryofthisreadingpassage.Speak,donotwrite.Thispassa