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荿教学内容蚅知识点一：一般现在时膂【知识梳理】莂(1)一般现在时的基本结构和变化葿1.一般现在时的结构肆①be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。袃e.g.Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。膁②行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。一般现在时主要用动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，则在动词原形后加-s或-es蕿e.g.Hegetsupearlyinthemorning.蒆2.否定句和疑问句的变化莁①be动词的变化：衿A.否定句：主语+be+not+其它。Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。虿B.一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。---Areyouastudent?---Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.蚃C.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。Whereismybike?肃②行为动词的变化：蚈A.否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。Idon'tlikebread./Hedoesn'tlikebread.蝿B.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。肄---Doyouoftenplayfootball?---Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.蒁---Doesshegotoworkbybike?---Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.螁C.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。Howdoesyourfathergotowork?衿（注意回顾动词第三人称单数形式变化规则）蒅一般情况下在词尾加shelp→helps,clean→cleans,play→plays,wear→wears,give→gives;以s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词在词尾加esdress→dresses,fix→fixes,watch→watches,finish→finishes;以“辅音字母加y”结尾的动词，把y变为i，再study→studies,carry→carries,fly→flies）膃(2)一般现在时的用法蒀?1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作或行为。常与always,sometimes,often,usually,never等副词连用。袈e.g.IgotoschooleverydayexceptSaturdaysandSundays.Mymotheroftengetsupat6o’clock.袆2.表示现在的状态，能力，性格，个性。e.g.Myfatherteachesmaths.蚁LinYandanceswell.艿3.表示普遍真理或客观事实。e.g.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Thesunrisesintheeast.羈【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。如：Ourphysicsteachersaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.我们的物理老师说光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快得多，在时间、条件、比较等状语从句中，用现在时表示将来的动作，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时。芇如：Iwille-mailyouassoonasIgettoBeijing.我一到北京就给你发邮件。莃Ifyoucomethisafternoon,wewillhaveameeting.如果你今天下午能来，我们就开会。节【例题精讲】肈例1.——Whoisthatlady?莄——She’sMissGreen.She____usmusic,andsheissogood.肅A.taughtB.teachesC.willteachD.isteaching肁例2.——IthinkI’lltakeabustothemeeting.膈——Thebus?Ifyou____,youwillbelate.螅A.doB.havedoneC.willdo薂例3.Unlesstheweather____,wewillhavetocancelthepicnic.袀A.improveB.improvesC.improvedD.willimprove芈例4.Wedon’tknowifourfriend____.Ifhe____,we’llletyouknow.膅A.comes;comesB.comes;willcomeC.willcome;comes芄例5.Ourgeographyteachertoldusthattheearth____thesun.薈A.wentaroundB.goesaroundC.isgoingaroundD.wasgoingaround莈【课堂练习】薆1.Look!Adog____ablindmanacrosstheroad.螂A.leadsB.leadC.isleadingD.led蚁2.Theyusually____TVintheevening.蒈A.watchB.willwatchC.arewatchingD.watches螃3.Hehardly____upearly．蒄A.getsB.getC.doesn’tgetD.don’tget莀4.John____football.蒈A.likesplayingB.likesplayC.likeplay膄5.Frankusually____intouchwithhisprimaryschoolteachersbyemail.袂A.keepB.keepsC.keptD.willkeep腿知识点二：一般过去时薇【知识梳理】薅(1)一般过去时的基本结构和变化1.2.薄定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。3.4.膂结构：“主语+动词的过去式”蚇3.句型转化：羆①be动词的过去时的句型如下：肂A.否定句：主语+be动词的过去式（was,were）+not…羁B.疑问句：be动词的过去式（was,were）+主语…？螇a.Hewasbusyyesterday.(肯定句)他昨天很忙。莇b.Hewasnotbusyyesterday.(否定句)他昨天不忙。螄c.Washebusyyesterday?(疑问句)他昨天忙吗？螀d.Thereweren’tanyboysintheroom.房间里没有男孩儿。袇e.g.Thereweren’tanyboysintheroom.房间里没有男孩儿。蒄Werethereanyboysintheroom?房间里有男孩儿吗？芁②行为动词的否定式和疑问式：葿A.否定式：行为动词前加上didnot或缩略式didn’t,并把这个行为动词改为动词原形。羇a.IcalledLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.袄→Ididnot/didn’tcallLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.羃b.IborrowedabookfromSunYanglastSunday.薁B.一般疑问式：若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式,那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问,然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形,并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did。肇a.Westayedtherefor10dayslastmonth.芅→Didyoustaytherefor10dayslastmonth?Yes,wedid./No,wedidn’t.莁b.Maryhadadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening.肂→DidMaryhaveadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening?Yes,shedid./No,wedidn’t.衿?蒈(2)规则动词的变化羅过去式（规则变化）袁一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加-ed。罿watch→watched衿plant→planted莃以不发音字母e结尾的动词在词尾加-d。羄like→liked聿move→moved羆以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先变y为i，再在词尾加-ed。肅study→studied蚃carry→carried膈重读闭音节动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写词尾的辅音字母，再在词尾加-莇stop→stoppeded。螇shop→shopped蒂过去式(be动词)芈（不规则变化）螈am/is→wasare→were芅do→did芁(3)不规则动词的过去式和过去分词莈第一组AAA腿1.cost—cost—cost2.cut—cut—cut3.hit—hit—hit4.let—let—let羇5.put—put—put6.set—set—set7.read—read—read芄第二组ABC蒈1.break—broke—broken2.choose—chose—chosen3.speak—spoke—spoken莆4.steal—stole—stolen5.wake—woke—woken6.forget—forgot—forgotten蒅7.take—took—taken8.give—gave—given9.hide—hid—hidden肃10.drive—drove—driven11.write—wrote—written12.rise—rose—risen蒈13.ride—rode—ridden14.eat—ate—eaten螇第三组ABC膆1.know—knew—known2.grow—grew—grown3.throw—threw—thrown螁4.fly—flew—flown5.show—showed—shown袂第四组ABB膇1.build—built—built2.burn—burnt—burnt3.mean—meant—meant薄4.lend—lent—lent5.send—sent—sent6.spend—spent—spent袄第五组ABB羂1.keep—kept—kept2.sweep—swept—swept3.sleep—slept—slept薈4.leave—left—left5.feel—felt—felt6.smell—smelt—smelt莆7.lose—lost—lost8.learn—learnt—learnt(learned—learned)薃9.get—got—got10.do—did—done11.go—went—gone肂第六组ABB罿1.make—made—made2.hear—heard—heard3.have—had—had螄4.bring—brought—brought5.find—found—found6.buy—bought—bought莂7.think—thought—thought8.teach—taught—taught肁第七组ABB肆1.dig—dug—dug2.lead—led—led3.hold—held—held蒆4.meet—met—met5.say—said—said6.pay—paid—paid膁7.win—won—won8.sell—sold—sold9.tell—told—told膁10.stand—stood—stood11.understand—understood—understood蒇12.sit—sat—sat13.wear—wore—worn羄第八组ABC膄1.begin—began—begun2.swim—swam—swum3.sing—sang—sung芁4.ring—rang—rung5.drink—drank—drunk6.come—came—come袈7.become—became—become8.see—saw—seen9.run—ran—run蚆11.lie—lay—lain—lying（躺）12.lie—lied—lied—lying（说慌）13.lay—laid—laid(放)羃(4)一般过去时的用法莁①表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，常与明确的时间状语连用，如：yesterday,lastweek(month,year...),ago,justnow,attheageof…,in1980等连用。如：艿Attheageoft