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.thePassiveVoice（被动语态）文综之家一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态WespeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语宾变主,主变宾,前加by主动语态2主变被解题步骤:1.找宾语----即动作的承受者Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.arewere3.判断动词的时态----即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态----即原句动词改为过去分词made5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语/宾语.bytheminthatfactory.31.Tombrokethewindow.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.2.Hebrokethewindows.Thewindowswerebrokenbyhim.Be要随着主语变逻辑主语by来引文综之家被动语态的大体构成：Be+PP（过去分词）主动语态变被动之歌：被动语态强调宾，be后加上过去分。Be要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。行为对象作主语，逻辑主语by来引。51.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时被动结构：am/is/are+过去分词6Exercise:Heridesthemotorbiketohisfactoryeveryday.Themotorbikeisriddentohisfactoryeveryday.7Exercise:WecallthesnowmanMr.Strong.ThesnowmaniscalledMr.Strong.82.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时被动结构：was/were+过去分词9Exercise:Heboughtsomefruitsyesterday.Somefruitswereboughtyesterday.103.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时被动结构：am/is/are+being+PP11Exercise:Theyareholdingasportsmeetingnow.Asportsmeetingisbeingheld(bythem)now.12Exercise:Theyareplayingvolleyballnow.Volleyballisbeingplayed(bythem)now134.Shewasinterviewingthefamousmanatthistimeyesterday.Thefamousmanwasbeinginterviewedbyher过去进行时被动结构：was/were+being+PP14Exercise:Hewasplayingbasketballat8:00lastnight.Basketballwasbeingplayedat8:00yesterday.155.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时被动结构：will+be+过去分词16Theyaregoingtohaveaneveningpartytomorrow.Aneveningpartyisgoingtobehadtomorrow.begoingto+be+pp17Exercise:Thegirlwillfinishherhomeworkintwentyminutes.Herhomeworkwillbefinished(bythegirl)intwentyminutes.186.Hesaidtheworkerswouldbuildanewschoolintwoweeks.Hesaidanewschoolwouldbebuiltintwoweeks.过去将来时被动构成：would+be+pp19Theywouldhaveapartythenextday.Apartywouldbehad(bythem)thenextday.207.AbycantakegoodcareofTina．TinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAby.情态动词变被动：情态动词+be+过分21Exercise:Hemaycarrythebasketeasily.Thebasketmaybeeasilycarriedbyhim.22Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs.Somebeautifulsongscanbesungbythem.238.Wehavemadetwentykeys．Twentykeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时被动结构：have/has+been+过去分词24Exercise:Workershavebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago.Thehousehasbeenbuiltsincetwoyearsago.259.Wehadseenthisfilmbeforeyoucamehere.Thisfilmhadbeenseenbyusbeforeyoucamehere.过去完成时被动结构：had+been+PP26Exercise:Thedoctorknewthathehadknownhisproblem.—Thedoctorknewthathisproblemhadbeenknownbyhim.27各种时态的被动情况：一般现在时：一般过去时：现在进行时：过去进行时：现在完成时：过去完成时：一般将来时：过去将来时：情态动词变被动：am/is/aredonewas/weredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendoneshall/willbedonebegoingtobedonewould/should+be+done情态动词+be+done28Exercise:PickoutthepassivevoiceWehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.ItwascalledclavichordItwasmadein1681.Ourclavichordiskeptinthelivingroom.Ithasbelongedtoourfamilyforalongtime.Theinstrumentwasboughtbymygrandfathermanyyearsago.Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor.Shetriedtoplayjazzonit!Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.Myfatherwasshocked.Wearen’tallowedtotouchit.Nowitisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather’s.29Exercises:一.选择填空:1.Windowsofglass.A.bemadeB.ismadeC.aremadeD.beenmade2.Thehousein2004.A.isbuiltB.isbuildingC.wasbuiltD.used3.Acoatcanforkeepingwarm.A.beusedB.isusedC.beenusedD.usedCCA304.Watches____Shanghai.A.aremadeinB.ismadeC.aremadefromD.made5.Thisdeskismade_____wood.A.ofB.fromC.inD.by6.Thethingsonshowwere____theolddays.A.usedB.usedtoC.usedforD.usedin7.Silk_____inHangzhouandSuzhouA.isproducedB.areproducedC.producedD.isproducesAADA311.Iwasgivenabookbyhim.(间宾作主）Hegavemeabook.(变被动）主语谓语间宾直宾2.Abookwasgiventomebyhim.32Mymotherboughtmeabirthdaycake.主语谓语间宾直宾1.Iwasboughtabirthdaycakebymymother.2.Abirthdaycakewasboughtformebymymother.33带有双宾语的动词变为被动歌谣：原句若是双宾语，一变主来一保宾。间宾要把主语变，原来直宾还是宾。直宾要把主语变，间宾前加to或for。34变为被动时，间宾前加to的带有双宾语的动词有：14个bring,teach,pass,hand,give,lend,refuse,leave,promise,tell,return,show,send,write.变为被动时，间宾前加for的带有双宾语的动词有：5个buy,get,do,pay,sing.35把下列句子变为主动语态：1.Theymadeshoesinthatfactory.2.Theywillmakeshoesinthatfactory.3.Theywouldmakeshoesinthatfactory.4.Theycanmakeshoesinthatfactory.5.Theyhavemadeshoesinthatfactory.6.Theyhadmadeshoesinthatfactory.7.Theyaremakingshoesinthatfactory.8.Theyweremakingshoesinthatfactory36Weusuallyhearhimplayinthenextroom.Heisusuallyheardtoplayinthenextroom.37１带复合宾语的被动语态结构．（１）makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.MrGreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome.JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMrGreenathome.watchlethavehearseenotice3839原句若是双宾语，一变主来一保宾。间宾要把主语变，原来直宾还是宾。直宾要把主语变，间宾前加to或for。情态动词变被动，情态加be加过分。401.Ourschool_____＿＿＿＿in2002.(开办)2.Theyoungtreesmust__________________well.(照顾)3._____thisbuilding_________(建成)lastyear?4.Thebook____________(写)byhimlastyear.5.Thebridge______________(不建造)in1989..6.The29thOlympicGameswill__________(举行)inBeijingin2008.wasopenedbelookedafterWasbuiltwaswrittenwasn’tbuiltbeheld411.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.