分词作表语和宾补

SentencesselectedfromText1.However,Riverasurvivedoneblowafteranother;hisexcellentdefencewasfrightening.2.Hegrewmoreexperienced.3.Dannyfoundtheboynotevendaringtocomenearhim.ParticipleasPredicative&asObjectComplementI.作表语(predicative)现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性；过去分词多表示主语所处的状态，e.g.Thenewswasexciting.Thesituationisencouraging.Shelookeddisappointed.Linkverb:appear,seem,get,sound,become,taste,etc.•注①：已经成为形容词的分词，可以用very修饰；没有完全成为形容词的分词宜用much或quite，有时也可用verymuch，动词用much修饰。如：•I’mveryinterestedinyourstory.•He’smuchrespectedbyhisstudents.注②：过去分词作表语时，应注意与被动结构的区别。系表结构说明主语的状态或具有的性质、特点；被动结构强调谓语动作，指主语所承受的动作。系表结构：a.常用一般现在或一般过去时态；b.一般不带状语；c.可以有不及物动词的过去分词。被动结构：a.有多种时态，常与主动语态的时态一致；b.可以带时间、方式或by短语作状语；c.必须是及物动词。Thesmallvillageissurroundedbytrees.(状态)Thesmallvillagewassoonsurroundedbyenemysoldiers.(动作)I’minterestedinchess.Iwasinterestedbywhatyoutoldme.作宾语补足语(objectcomplement)：两类动词可以加分词作宾补１）感官动词：feel,listento,hear,lookat,see,watch,notice,observe,smell,find２）使役动词：have，make，keep，get，leave，set，send，start，etc①现在分词做宾语补足语，如：I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.Icouldfeelthecoldwindblowingonmyface.Hetriedtostarttheenginerunning.注：现在分词做宾语补足语表示动作与谓语同时发生或正在进行，强调动作过程。作宾语补足语(objectcomplement)：②过去分词做宾语补足语，如：•HewatchedtheTVsetcarriedoutof•theroom.•WhenyouspeakEnglish,besuretomakeyourselfunderstood.•You’dbetterhaveyourshoesmended.•注：过去分词做宾语补足语表示动作完成结果，并有被动意义。③现在分词做宾语补足语时，与宾语有着逻辑上的主谓关系，宾语补足语一般为宾语所做的动作；过去分词做宾语补足语时，与宾语有着动宾关系，宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：Hesawanoldmangettingonthebus.Anoldmanwasgettingonthebus.IonceheardthissongsunginJapanese.ThissongwasoncesunginJapanese.Idon’twantthechildrentakenoutinsuchweather.Thechildrenweretakenoutinsuchweather.with+宾语+宾补的结构•Withallmyjobfinished,Ibegantoplanformyholiday.•Thestudentsweresittingintheclassroomwiththeireyesfixedontheteachers.•Shefellasleepwiththelightburning.subject++object+感官动词使役动词不定式-主动做某事或者经常做某事现在分词-正在做某事一直做某事过去分词-已经被做不定式、分词作宾语补足语的区别：Ihadmyfatherrepairmywatch.Motherhadmedoingthehomeworkthewholemorning.Ihadmyhaircut.（均指宾语）1.Shelikestohaveanapintheroomwiththedoor______.A.closeB.closingC.closedD.beingclosed2.Thespeakingraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself________.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard3.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire_____allnight.A.toburnB.burnC.burningD.burned4.Themissingboyswerelastseen_______neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay5.Seeingthesun_______abovethesurfaceofthesea,weletoutashoutofjoy.A.toriseB.toraiseC.risingD.raisingCDCAC6.Howcouldyoufacethestudents_______you?A.listeningtoB.listeningC.listenedD.listento7.HefoundIrene______atthepiano.A.seatingB.seatedC.isseatingD.tobeseated8.Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestions_______.A.beenturneddownB.turneddownC.tobeturneddownD.toturndown9._____fromthemoon,ourearth,withwater_______70percentofitssurface,appearstobea“blueball”.A.Seen,coveredB.Seeing,coveringC.Seen,coveringD.Tosee,tocoverABBC10.Theyallwentintothehouse,______me_______terriblefool.A.toleave,feelB.leaving,feelingC.left,feelingD.leaving,tofeel11.Ican’tgetmycar______oncoldmornings,soIhavetotry______theradiatorwithsomehotwater.A.run,tofillB.running,fillingC.running,tofillD.ran,filling12.Theboy_______ontheground_______thathehad_______themoneyonthedesk.A.lay,lied,layB.lying,lied,lainC.lies,laid,lainD.lying,lied,laidBBD13._____atthestation,wefoundthetrain______.A.Arrived,goneB.Arriving,goC.Toarrive,goingD.Arriving,gone14.Whatawaste!Whydoyouhavethewater______allthetime?A.toflowB.flowC.flowingD.flown15.Itwassocoldthatthetravelersleftthefire______allthenight.A.burnB.burningC.burntD.toburn16.Finallytheyfoundthelostchild_____onthestreet,coldandhungry.A.wanderingB.tobewanderingC.wanderedD.beingwanderedDCBA17.Thestudentcaught_______inthetoiletwasseverelypunished.A.smokeB.tobesmokingC.smokingD.smoked18.Withtheprofessor_______howtodotheexperiment,allthestudentsgottherequiredresult.A.toinstructB.instructedC.instructD.instructing19.Theoldcoupleareoftenseen________alongtheriversideafterdinner,handinhand.•A.towalkB.walkC.walkingD.beworkingCDA20.Theforcethatkeepsobjects_______tothegroundiscalledgravity.A.fallingB.fallenC.tofallD.fromfalling21.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise_______.A.goingonB.goonC.wentonD.togoon22.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_______inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.smokedD.tosmoke23.Hisremarksleftme_______abouthisrealpurpose.A.wonderedB.wonderC.towonderD.wonderingAABD