新目标九年级词语辨析(us10-12)

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人教版新目标九年级词语辨析(Us10-12)Unit10Ⅰ.whole,all辨析:whole和all作为形容词,都有“整个的”、“完全的”意思,但用法略有不同。1.与复数名词连用时whole的意思是“整个的”,而all表示“所有的”,近乎“每一个”。例如:Itrainedforfivewholedays.雨下了整整五天。Allmybooksarekepthere.我所有的书(每一本书)都保存在这儿。2.whole和all在句子中的位置不同。whole紧接名词,放在the,或物主代词,或that之后;all则放在the,或物主代词,或that之前。例如:thewholetime,herwholelife,thatwholemorning;allthetime,allherlife,allthatmorning.3.whole用于专用名词前要用定冠词the,all则直接用于专用名词前,不用定冠词the。例如:thewholeChina=allChina练习:用whole或all填空。1.Theteachersaid,“Fortyisa______number.”2.Her______homeworkwasfinishedwiththehelpoftheteacher.3.______herhomeworkwasfinishedwiththehelpoftheteacher.4.Hespent______daydoingthework.5.Hespentthe______daydoingthework.参考答案:1.whole2.whole3.All4.all5.wholeⅡ.leave,forget辨析:leave和forget两者都是动词,都含有“忘记”的意思。表示把某物“拉在某地方”用leave,如无具体地点,则用forget。例如:Hesaidthathehadlefthisbookintheclassroom.他说他把书放在教室里了。Ineverforgether.我永远也忘不了她。练习:判断下列各句的正误,并把错误的改正。1.Ileavehisaddress.2.Iforgothisaddressonthedeskyesterday.3.Shemustn’tforgettheletteronthetable.4.Heforgottellingheraboutit.5.Wouldyouliketoleaveamessageforhim?参考答案:1.×,leave→forget2.×,forgot→left3.×,forget→leave4.√5.√Ⅲ.ontime,intime辨析:ontime意思是“准时、按时”,而intime意思是“及时、在规定的时间”,不如ontime时间观念强。例如:Willthetrainarriveontime?火车会准时到达吗?Theywerejustintimeforthebus.他们及时赶上了公共汽车。练习:汉译英。1.我们应当准时开会。2.警察及时到达了事故现场。3.由于下雪飞机没能准时起飞。4.难道我没告诉你要按时到这儿吗?5.我们正好赶上了那辆公共汽车。参考答案:1.Wemusthaveameetingontime.2.Thepolicemenreachedtheplacewheretheaccidenthappenedintime.3.Theplanecan’ttakeoffontimebecauseofsnow.4.Didn’tItellyoutobehereontime?5.Wewerejustintimetocatchthebus.Unit11Ⅰ.pass,past辨析:pass是动词,有“经过、通过、传递”等意思;past是形容词、副词、介词、名词,意思分别是“过去的;经过;过……;过去、往事(与the连用)”。例如:Pleasepassmeaglassofwater.请递给我一杯水。Thathasbeenmylifeforthesepasttenyears.那就是我十年来的生活。Hewalkedpastwithoutnoticingme.他走了过去没注意到我。Itishalfpastseven.现在七点半了。Wecan’tchangethepast.我们不能改变过去。练习:单项选择。1.Didyou______theexam?A.passB.pastC.passedD.passing2.Iwent______herhouse.A.passB.pastC.passedD.passing3.Whenshethinksofthe______,shefeelshappy.A.passB.pastC.passedD.passing4.Aweek______quickly.A.passB.pastC.passedD.passing5.Theoldwomanis______eighty.A.passB.pastC.passedD.passing参考答案:1-5ABBCBⅡ.exchange,change辨析:exchange和change作动词时都有“交换;兑换”的意思,exchange强调调换,change则强调改变;作名词时exchange常指“交换、交换机、汇兑”,change则常指“变化、零钱”等。例如:I’dliketoexchangesomepoundsfordollars.我想把一些英镑兑换成美金。Letmechangethedollarbillforcoins.让我把这张美元的纸钞换成硬币。Anexchangeofopinionsishelpful.相互交换意见是有益的。Manychangeshavetakenplacesincethen.自那以来,发生了许多变化。练习:用exchange或change的合适形式填空。1.Onsecondthoughtshe______hismind.2.We’llhaveanopportunityto______viewstomorrow.3.You’llhaveto______planesatSeattle.4.Whatistherateof______betweenthepoundandthemark?5.“Here’syour______,”saidthesaleswoman.6.Infalltheleaves______fromgreentobrown.参考答案:1.changed2.exchange3.change4.exchange5.change6.changeⅢ.lend,borrow,keep辨析:lend和borrow都有“借”的意思。lend是“借出”,指把东西借给别人,常与to连用;borrow是“借入”,指从别人那里借进东西,常与from连用;lend后可接双宾语,borrow后不可接双宾语。lend和borrow都是非延续性动词,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,需要和表示一段时间的短语连用时要用延续性动词keep代替。例如:CanIborrowyourbike?我能借你的自行车吗?Willyoupleaselendmeyourdictionary?把你的词典借给我用一下,好吗?Youcankeepthisbookfortwoweeks.这本书你可以借用两周。练习:用lend,borrow或keep的正确时态形式填空。(必要时可加助动词)1.YuYue______theknifefromLiJunlastnight.2.LiJun______theknifetoYuYuelastnight.3.Who______youthebike?4.Howmuch______you______fromhim?5.Howlong______you______thatbook?参考答案:1.borrowed2.lent3.lent4.have,borrowed5.have,keptUnit12Ⅰ.seat,sit辨析:seat和sit作为动词,都可以表示“就座”的意思。seat是及物动词,常以被动形式表示主动意义;而sit通常作不及物动词用。例如:HeisseatedbetweenJackandTom.她坐在杰克和汤姆之间。Thestudentsaresittingattheirdesks.学生们正坐在课桌旁。Pleasebeseated.(=Pleaseseatyourself.)请坐。Sitdown,please.请坐。seat作名词用时,构成takeaseat短语,此短语较sitdown更正式、委婉、礼貌。另外,haveaseat=takeaseat或takeone’sseat意思是“坐下,就座”。例如:Takeyourseat,please.请坐。练习:指出下列各句中的一处错误,并改正。1.Ifoundhimseatingthere.2.Shesatherbabyonherknees.3.Pleasetakeasit,themanagerwillsoonbehere.4.“Pleaseseatyou”,theteachersaid.5.HuPengseatedbesidemeineveryclass.参考答案:1.seating→seated/sitting2.sat→seated3.sit→seat4.you→yourself5.seated→satⅡ.arrive,reach,getto辨析:arrive,reach,getto三者都有“到达”的意思。arrive是比较正式的用语,getto是非正式用语,在口语中可代替arrive或reach;arrive为不及物动词,后需接介词at或in才能加地点名词。一般说来,到达的是一个大地方,如洲、国家、大城市等,用介词in,如果到达的是较小的地方,如车站、学校、村庄等,用介词at;reach是及物动词,后面直接跟表示地点的词;get是不及物动词,应借助介词to,“getto+地名”是一个较普通的口头用法(getto后面直接加地点名词);另外,arriveat/in,getto后面跟home,here,there等这样的副词时,应将它们的介词去掉。当表示达到某一年龄或高度时,一般用reach。例如:WhendidyouarriveinParis?你是什么时候到达巴黎的?Thetrainarrivedatthestation.火车到站了。HereachedBeijingyesterday.他昨天到达北京。Canyoutellmehowtogettothezoo?你能告诉我如何到达动物园吗?练习:根据句意,用arrive,reach或getto的合适形式填空。1.Iwill______inBeijinginaweek.2.Whendoyou______toHongKong?3.I______homebeforeitwasdarkyesterday.4.Didyou______atthattownateightlastnight?5.Theapplesaretoohighforthestudentsto______them.参考答案:1.arrive2.get3.reached/got/arrived4.arrive5.reachⅢ.usedtodosth.,be/getusedtosth./doingsth.,beusedtodosth.,beusedforsth.,beusedas,beusedby辨析:usedtodosth.表示“过去常常……”、“过去惯常……”;be/getusedtosth./doingsth.表示“习惯于……”;beusedtodosth.意思是“被用来做……”,to表示用途。例如:Iusedtogotoofficeonfoot,butIdon’tdothatnow.我过去老是步行上班,但现在不这样了。Heisusedtohardwork.他习惯于艰苦工作。Iwasusedtodrivinginallkindsofweathe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