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高考英语阅读解题方法指导－－－一、猜词技巧大家好1设问特点：1、从原文中找单词，短语或句子设问。2、所问词或句与该词该句常见意思不同，无法望文生义,只有在具体的上下文中才可判断准确。3、所考单词有的是生词，有的是旧词新意。4、正确选项的特征是放在原文不仅单句合理，全文也合理。5、错误选项或是字面意思，或是故意胡说。。大家好1.对考纲外生词的猜测Theunderlinedwordcultivated(paragraph1)roughlymeans______.2.对考纲内熟词新义的猜测Theunderlinedword“hit”(paragraph1)roughlymeans4.对句义的猜测WhenIgotbackoutintothestreet,theworldseemedbrand-newtome.Hewassomethingoutofanancientlegend3.对代词的猜测Theunderlinedpart“it”(inPara.4)refersto______.大家好词义理解题常见的题型有:1.Theword“…”refersto/probablymeans/couldbestbereplacedby_____.2.Whatdoyouthinktheexpression“…”standsfor?3.Theunderlinedsentence“…”means______.大家好4Howdoyoudealwiththeunfamiliarwordsorphraseswhilereading?•Ignorethemandcontinuereading•Lookthemupinthedictionary•Guessthemeaning大家好51.Hewould______thegoldfromhisgrandma.2..Unlikehisbrother,Hobartisquite______.Howtoguessthemissingwords?Harveyisathief:hewould______thegoldfromhisgrandmaandnotfeelguilty.stealUnlikehisbrother,whoistrulyahandsomeperson,Hobartisquite____________.ordinary-lookingplain/homely大家好6Skillsforguessingunknownwords:1.Thelionhasits“territory”,whichisanareathatananimal,usuallythemale,claims（声称）asitsown.“territory”means___________anarea(that---own)动物地盘2.Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.Theunderlinedwordmeans____.A.strongB.determinedC.kindD.clever定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义或解释大家好7技巧归纳1:Use__________________________利用__________________________definitionorexplanation定义或解释猜测词义mean,referto,becalled,beknownas,canbedefinedas,inotherwords,thatis,thatistosay,namely，becalled，beidentifiedas，toputitdifferently括号,引号,破折号，定语从句…..etc.大家好8Pruningisimportantbecauseitencouragesthegrowthoftendershoots(嫩芽）,oryoungleavesoftrees.Theword“pruning”means______A.RegularcuttingoftheplantsB.FrequentwateringC.RegularuseofchemicalsD.Growingtheplantshighinthemountain技巧归纳2：Using________________________________根据________________________________commonsenseorexperience普通常识和经验大家好9技巧归纳3:利用____________________from___________________2.Theperiodofadolescence,theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,maybelongorshort.A少儿期B幼儿期C青春期D成人期同义/同位语similarity/appositive1.Infact,onlyabout80ocelots,anendangeredwildcat,existintheU.S.today．“ocelot”means_________________anendangeredwildcat大家好10Thelargestplayer–ShanghaiBashiTourismCarCenteroffersawidevarietyofchoices,suchasdeluxesedans,minivans,stationwagons,coaches.Santanasedansarethebigfavoriteofthetourists.…Theunderlinedwordsusedinthetextreferto____.A.carsinthemakingB.carrentalfirmsC.carsforrentD.carmakers技巧归纳4:利用_____________举例fromexamplesSignalwords：forexample，forinstance，suchas，like，as，etc.大家好11技巧归纳5：利用________________From_________________1.Thesnowwasfalling.Bigflakesdrifted(飘）withthewindlikefeathers.2.Unlikehergregarioussister,Janeisashypersonwhodoesnotliketogotopartiesormakenewfriends.雪花，雪片爱交际的比较或对比comparisonorcontrastSignalwords:as,like,thesameas，unlike,but，however,onthecontrary,while,instead…ect.大家好12技巧归纳6:利用__________________From__________________________(1)Overworkmaycausediseases.over（过分的、过量的）＋work＝overwork“工作过度”。(2)Therewasadissatisfiedlookinthemanager'seyes.dis“不”+satisfied“满意的=dissatisfied“不满意的”。构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）Wordformation大家好13合成Compounding转化Conversion派生Derivation构词法Wordformationprefixsuffix大家好表否定un-,non-,in-,dis-表相反un-,de-,dis-,counter-错误失当mis-,mal-,pseudo-表向背pro-,anti-表程度arch-,super-,ultra-,over-,under-,mini-,semi-,表时间pre,fore-,post-表方位sub-,inter-,trans-prefixdecontroltransplantcounterattack解除控制移植反击大家好suffix-able（能…的）-less（无，不）-wards（向）-ship（身份；资格；权力；性质）-some（易于…的）-hood（状态；性质；时期）-ish（如…的；有点儿…的）-proof(防…的；不能穿透的）-scape（景）-most(最…的）waterproofstreetscapeinnermostspeechless大家好Heissaidtobe“undersized’’with“shortlegs’’anda“roundstomach”.（08广东卷）TalesofthesupernaturalarecommoninallpartsofBritain.（08广东卷）Theycaughttheemotionallandscapefromheartbreaktojoy,butsharetheundeniablelongingforrecoveryandhope.(2010深一模)派生Derivation小尺寸的;较矮小的;超自然的风景不可否认的大家好Hewassomethingoutofanancientlegend,…hisverystrange,dustyfelthat,hisfunnyaccentfromwho-knows-where（06广东卷）合成Compounding谁都不知是什么地方大家好Greatculturalchangesledtomoreopencommunicationandamoredemocraticprocessthatencourageseveryonetohaveasay.（08广东卷）Sherestedherselfagainstapostclosetothetracks．（09广东卷）转化Conversionv.—n.发言，发表意见n.—v.倚靠大家好1.Isheintelligentorstupid?2.MostwomeninGhana---theeducatedandilliterate,theurbanandrural,theyoungandold---worktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers.Theirreputationforeconomicindependence,self-reliance,andhardworkiswellknownandwelldeserved.Theunderlinedword“illiterate”inthepassagemeans____.A.RepeatedB.reiterated.CuneducatedD.sickclever技巧归纳7:利用___________________________From__________________________同义词或反义词的关系猜词。SynonymorAntonym.大家好201.Ifeelthatsinceyouaremysuperior（上司）,itwouldbepresumptuousofmetotellyouwhattodo.”Theword“presumptuous”isclosestinmeaningto“”.A．fullofrespectB．rudeandtooconfidentC．lackinginexperienceD．tooshyandquietB技巧归纳8：利用______________________From_______________________原因与结果关系猜词fromCauseandResultSignalwords:because,so,sothathence,thereforeAsaresult,assince,for,t