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英文参考文献及翻译Linux-OperatingsystemofcybertimesThoughforalotofpeople,regardLinuxasthemainoperatingsystemtomakeuphugeworkstationgroup,finishspecialeffectsofTitanicmake,alreadycanberegardedasandshowtalentfully.ButforLinux,thisonlynumerousnewsoneof.Recently,themanufacturersconcernedhaveannouncedthatsupportthenewsofLinuxtoincreasedaybyday,users'enthusiasmtoLinuxrunshighunprecedentedlytoo.Then,Linuxonlyhaveoperatingsystemnotfreemorethanonearthon7yearthispiecewhatglamour,getthefavorsofsuchnumerousimportantsoftwareandhardwaremanufacturersasthemassesofusersandOracle,Informix,HP,Sybase,1.Linuxisakindoffree(Free)software:Whatiscalledfree,meanuserscanobtaintheprocedureandsourcecodefreely,andcanusethemfreely,includingreviseorcopyetc..Itisaresultofcybertimes,numeroustechnicalstafffinishitsresearchanddevelopmenttogetherthroughInternet,countlessuserisittestandexceptfault,canadduserexpansionfunctionthatoneselfmakeconvenientlytoparticipatein.Asthemostoutstandingoneinfreesoftware,Linuxhascharacteristic(1)TotallyfollowPOSLXstandard,expandthenetworkoperatingsystemofsupportingallAT&TandBSDUnixcharacteristic.BecauseofinherittingUnixoutstandingdesignphilosophy,andthereareclean,stalwart,high-efficientandsteadykernels,theirallkeycodesarefinishedbyLinusTorvaldsandotheroutstandingprogrammers,withoutanyUnixcodeofAT&TorBerkeley,soLinuxis(2)Realmanytasks,multi-user'ssystem,thebuilt-innetworksupports,canbewithsuchseamlesslinksasNetWare,WindowsNT,OS/2,Unix,etc..NetworkinvariouskindsofUnixitteststobefastestincomparingandassessefficiency.SupportsuchmanykindsoffilessystemsasFAT16,FAT32,NTFS,Ext2FS,ISO9600,etc.atthesametime.(3)Canoperateitinmanykindsofhardwaresplatform,includingsuchprocessorsasAlpha,SunSparc,PowerPC,MIPS,etc.,tovariouskindsofnew-typeperipheralhardwares,canfromdistributeonglobalnumerousprogrammertheregettingsupportrapidlytoo.(4)Tothatthehardwarerequireslower,canobtainverygoodperformanceonmorelow-grademachine,whatdeservesparticularmentionisLinuxoutstandingstability,permittedyearcountoftenitsrunningt2.MainapplicationofLinuxAtpresent,(1)Internet/Intranet:ThisisonethatLinuxwasusedmostatpresent,itcanofferandincludeWebserver,allsuchInternetservicesasFtpserver,Gopherserver,SMTP/POP3mailserver,Proxy/Cacheserver,DNSserver,etc..LinuxkernelsupportsIPalias,PPPandIPtunneling,thesefunctionscanbeusedforsettingupfictitioushostcomputer,fictitiousservice,VPN(fictitiousspecial-purposenetwork),etc..OperatingApacheWebserveronLinuxmainly,theoccupationrateofmarketin1998is49%,farexceedsthesumofsuchseveralbigcompanies(2)BecauseLinuxhasoutstandingnetworkingability,itcanbeusedincalculatingdistributedlylarge-scaly,forinstancecartoonmaking,scientificcaculation,databaseandfile(3)AsrealizationthatiscanunderlowplatformfullnessofUnixthatoperate,applyatalllevelsteachingandresearchworkofuniversitiesandcollegesextensively,ifMexicogovernmentannouncemiddleandprimaryschoolsinthewholecountrydisposeLinuxandofferInternetserviceforstudentalready.(4)Tabletopandhandlingofficialbusinessappliedly.ApplicationnumberofpeopleofinthisrespectatpresentnotsogoodasWindowsofMicrosoftfaralso,reasonitslieinLinuxquantity,desk-topofapplicationsoftwarenotsogoodasWindowsapplicationfarnotmerely,becausethecharacteristicofthefreedomsoftwaremakesitnotalmosthaveadvertisementthatsupport(thoughthefunctionofStarOfficeisnotsecondtoMSOfficeatthesametime,butthereInthefaceofthepressureofcomingfromusersthatisstrengtheneddaybyday,moreandmorecommercialcompaniestransplantitsapplicationtoLinuxplatform,comparativelyimportantincidentwasasfollows,in1998①CompaqandHPdeterminetoputforwarduserofrequirementtrussupLinuxattheirservers,IBMand②Lotusannounce,Notesthenexteditionincludeonespecial-③CorelCompanytransplantsitsfamousWordPerfecttoonLinux,andfreeissue.CorelalsoplanstomovetheotherfigurepatternprocessproductstoLinuxplatformcompletely.④Maindatabaseproducer:Sybase,Informix,Oracle,CA,IBMhavealreadybeentransplantedone'sowndatabaseproductstoonLinux,orhasfinishedBetaedition,amongthemOracleandInformixalsooffertechnicalsupporttotheir4.Thegratifyingoneis,somefarsighteddomesticcorporationshavebeguntotryhardtochangethiskindofcurrentsituationalready.StoneCo.notlongagoisitinvestahugesumofmoneytoclaim,regardLinuxasplatformdevelopaInternet/Intranetsolution,regardthisasthecoreandlaunchStone'ssystemintegrationbusiness,plantosetupnationwideLinuxtechnicalsupportorganizationatthesametime,taketheleadtopromotethefreedomsoftwareapplicationanddevelopmentinChina.InadditiondomesticcomputerCompany,personwhowinofChina,devotedtoLinuxrelevantsoftwareandhardwareapplicationofsystempopularizetoo.IsittointensificationthatLinuxknow,willhavemoreandmoreenterprisesaccedetotheranksthatLinuxwillbeusedwithdomesticeveryenterprisetobelieve,moresoftwarewillbeplantedinLinuxplatform.Meanwhile,thedomesticuniversityshouldregardLinuxastheoriginalversionandupgradealreadyexistingUnixcontentofcourses,startwithanalysingthesourcecodeandrevisingthekernelandtrainalargenumberofseniorLinuxtalents,improveourcountry'sownoperatingsystem.Havingonlyreallygraspedtheoperatingsyst