民用建筑怎样实现降低20_能耗的目标

20%20%,200520101t,,HowtoachievethenationalgoaloftheenergyuseperunitofGDPmustbereducedby20%incivilbuildingsByLongWeidingAbstractAccordingtothestrategytargetintheNational11thFive2YearPlan,proposesthataforward2lookinggoalshouldbesetforbuildingenergysaving.Considersthattheactualquantityofbuildingenergyconsumptionin2005beusedasthebaselineofcomparing.Estimatesthat100milliontonsstandardcoalequivalentshouldbesavedincivilbuildingsectorby2010.Suggestsseveraloptionsonheattransferofbuildingenvelopes,equipmentandsystemefficiency,mitigationofgreenhousegasemissionandenergyconsumptionlabellingofresidentialbuildingstoachievethegoal.Keywordsbuildingenergyefficiency,civilbuilding,buildingenvelope,airconditioningandheatingTongjiUniversity,Shanghai,China120%:1)20102000;2)20%,2000GDP854,2005(,2005GDP1703),GDP,2005,GDP1143t2005,GDP0193t20%,201011144t,0175t,20101000(1000g,42.62MJ,1t1.454285t),2002,(1)1,20%,GDP20037,516,311,,,GDP,2005()53HV&AC2006366,,194611,,,200070727(021)66056017E2mail:[e-mail]:2006042112003741105kg/t:1)2010()592184kg/t,,()646kg/t2),,,2GDP211,,(GDP),GDP,,m250%50%,2080,(baseline),,m2,100%,,,,50%50%,80,,,,,50%,,()3112kWh/m2,2419kWh/m2,,100m25600kWh10000,20042480kWh,1/31/6,,2620;1h-1();10h;;,,,,,,,,,,2122004,150m220041218m2,,58153%,23125%,2002200436m2,814m2,516%,GDP,63HV&AC2006366,,GDP,;,,()GDP,,(,),,,,,()213,2010GDP26112010,GDP11144t,,29t,(),20%,2004(1917t)2213%,2004414t()18%,018t,316t2004150m2,m224kg,20145kg/(m2a),11kg/(m2a),32kg/(m2a)20061(energypassport,AI9(1),D200kWh,2415kgD,),30%,(E),,,(),,,1kWh/(m2a)A080F251300B81110G301350C111150H351400D151200I400E201250,,,WkW,;kWh,,,5,,;,12,20,()(,25kg/(m2a))A(10kg/(m2a)),23,A,()58W/m2,W,1/3,,,,,,22002EnEV200273HV&AC20063662W/(m2)EnEV200220801995200465%20801995014511280182401600173014001353014511706140410021803126215001300191016040160016401300125301452,20802002,1995,,()(),,2005,2010,218m2,2010517t,,25%7125t,,,,36%,216t,2010417t,1t2004,111t,68m2,68m216kg/(m2a),40%,,40%:30m213kg/(m2a)(25kg/(m2a)13kg/(m2a);10kg/(m2a)13kg/(m2a)),(38m2)20%,21kg/(m2a),900t,;,3311,,,,,;,,;,312,,,,,83HV&AC2006366,,1t,,COP,,,,,,,,,313,(saving)(conservation),,,(efficiency);(sustainability),,()37,20022012(20082012,19905%),,,,(),,,,,,,;,,,;,,,,,energyefficiencyenergysustainability,,20122020,,,,,,(2),2,(),,,,,,;,,,93HV&AC2006366,(),(1500),,1500h20a,1W30kWh,,;314(),,,,,,(),20032002/91/EC2006125,2006,()(certificate),(energypassport)1,,,()0COP1();,,,,,,(CEN)(M343EN2004),,,,,,,1,,,315200641,,,,,,,,,20058(EnergyPolicyAct2005),ASHRAE9011(2001)50%,,m21914(ft21180),,,,,,200588,,04HV&AC2006366316,,,,,,,:,,,,,(commissioning),,,(ESCO),(),;,,,,A,B,,(),,,4,,,2010,20101t,[1].[J].,2005,35()[2].2005[G].:,2005[3]LongWD.TheenergychallengetoChina[C]TheProceedingsofYSRIM2006.Japan:Fukuoka,2006[4]LongWD.Trendsofbuildingenergyconsumptionincities&townsofChina[C]ProceedingsofInternationalConferenceonAsia2EuropeanSustainableUrbanDevelopment.China:Chongqing,2006[5]Directive2002/91/ECoftheEuropeanparliamentandofthecouncilontheenergyperformanceofbuildings[R].OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities,20030401[6]dena.DerEnergiepassfrGebÊude[EB/OL].http:[7]EnergyPolicyAct2005[S/OL].http:(16),50:30(5):100013:(010)842722332530()14HV&AC2006366