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Welcometoourclass-----现在完成时态语法练习课时态不同时间发生的动作，动词要用不同形式已学习过的时态名称时间动动词形式一般现在时平时，经常1.v原形2.v+s/es（三单现）现在进行时正在进行am/is/are+v-ing一般将来时即将，计划1.will/shall+v原形2.am/is/aregoingto+v原形一般过去时过去（与现在无关）1.v-ed（规则动词）2.不规则动词过去进行时过去某一时间，在进行was/were+v-ing1.v原形2.v+s/es（三单现）am/is/are+v-ing1.will/shall+v原形2.am/is/aregoingto+v原形1.v-ed（规则动词）2.不规则动词was/were+v-ing判断下列句子的时态1.Sheworksinafactory.2.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.3.WearegoingtohaveapicnicthisSunday.4.Theyheldasportsmeetinglastweek.5.Areyouhelpingyourmother?一般现在时过去进行时一般将来时一般过去时现在进行时动词的过去分词形式1.规则动词2.不规则动词finish--finished--finishedlive--lived--livedcarry--carried--carriedstop—stopped--stoppedEg.go—went—gonesee---saw—seenforget—forgot--forgotten表示经历或经验。常与ever或never连用。如：HaveyoueverbeentoHongKong?I’venevertraveledbyair.用法Ihavealreadywrittentoher.Shehasn’tspentmuchtimeonityet.表示刚刚发生过的动作或事情，常与just连用。Theyhavejustsentusatelegram.Shehasjustcomehere.表示最近发生的动作或情况。常与yet或already连用。如：表示过去发生，目前还有可能仍在继续下去的动作或事情。常与since或for连用(动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示)E.g.Katehaslivedherefor3years.Katehaslivedheresince3yearsago.KatehaslivedheresinceshecametoChinafor和since的运用对比:for:+一段时间fortwoweeksforthreeyearssince过去的某一时刻sincethensincelastmonth一般过去时态的时间状语从句sincesheleft注意:for和since所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.Hehasbeenawayforaweek.Hehasbeenawaysincelastweek.对划线部分提问都用Howlong现在完成时态是中考的必考时态，由于现在完成时态既涉及到过去，又联系到现在，和一般过去时态，一般现在时态，现在进行时态既有联系，又有区别，所以同学们掌握起来比较困难。现在完成时动词构成have/has+v过去分词助动词否定haven’thasn’t疑问Haveyou……?Hashe……?1.都表示过去发生的事2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用；3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）presentpastIhavelivedherefortwoyearsIlivedthere2yearsago现在完成时与一般过去时的区别当有一个表示过去某时的状语时，不能用现在完成时，而多用一般过去时。IsawMaryanhourago.Shelostherhandbagyesterday.有些时间状语，既能用于现在完成时，又能用于一般过去时，但意义上有差别。I’vewrittenthreelettersthismorning.（说话时仍是上午）Iwrotethreelettersthismorning.（说话时仍是上午或晚上）现在完成时强调动作或事情发生在过去，一直延续到现在，而且还有可能继续延续下去；而一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或事情。Ihavetaughtthisclassfortenyears.（还在教）Itaughtthisclassfortwoyears.（曾教过两年，现在不教了）1.我们买这本书三年了.Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.2.他感冒三天了.Hehashadacoldforthreedays.Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago.Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.一般过去时态和现在完成时态同义转换3.我借的这本书一周多了.Ihavekeptthebookforaweek.4.我成为一个学生两年多了.Ihavebeenastudentforovertwoyears.Iborrowedthebookaweekago.Ibecameastudenttwoyearsago.5.MrBlack死了三年了。MrBlackhasbeendeadforthreeyears.MrBlackdiedthreeyearsago.重点句型:Itis/hasbeen+段时间+since从句段时间+haspassed+since从句eg.他死了两年了：Hediedtwoyearsago.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsagoItis/hasbeentwoyearssincehedied.Twoyearshaspassedsincehedied.注:现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状yesterday,lastyear,in1980,threedaysago,justnow,whenIcamein等连用Payattention注意1.现在完成时句中常见的时间状语A.表示从过去一直持续到现在,不能是具体过去时间(1).for+表示一段时间的短语(2).since+表示过去时间点的词语(3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句eg.Ihavebeenateacher______ayear.Hehasbeenatthisschool_______1992.Wehavelearned1,000Englishwords_______wecametothisschool.forsincesince不能是具体过去时间B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never有此类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续.eg.Haveyou_____beentoJapan?Ihave_____finishedmyhomework.Ihavefinishedmyhomework______.Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework____.everjustalreadyyet2.区分短暂性动词与持续性动词.英语的行为动词大体可以分为两大类型：一是延续性的动词，二是短暂性动词。延续行动词是指那些动作意义不会一下完成，而是可以延续、发展的动词。如：work,read,write,study等,短暂性动词是指那些动作一次完成，不能延续的动词。如：come,go,buy,die,等。表示短暂性(瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中不能和一段时间连用.即for,since短语或howlong问句Ihaveboughtthispenfortwomonths.Ihavehadthispenfortwomonths.Howlonghaveyou_____thispen.hadTheplayhasbegunforanhour.hasbeenonforanhour.结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转换成相应的延续性动词.1.直接用延续性动词buy–havecatch(get)acold–haveacoldborrow—keepCome/go/become—beputon--wear2.转换成be+名词jointhearmy–beasoldierJointheParty–beaPartymembergotoschool–beastudent3转换成be+形容词或副词die—bedeadfinish–beoverbegin—beonleave—beawayfallsleep–beasleepclose–beclosed4.转换成be+介词短语gotoschool–beinschooljointhearmy–beinthearmy1.我们买这本书三年了.Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.2.他感冒三天了.Hehashadacoldforthreedays.Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago.Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同意句Correcting1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months.2.Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18.3.JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years.4.ThefilmhasbeenonsinceIhavecometothecinema.5.WhenhasMr.Licaughtabadcold?havekepthasbeenin/beenamemberofthearmysince5yearsago/for5yearscamedidcatch6.Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.7.JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years.8.Whattimehavethefactoryopened?9.IhavegonetoChunhuaMiddleSchooltwice10,Thedoghasdiedforamonth.hashasbeenindidopenbeentobeendead改写句子改写句子1.Myfathercamebackfromthebookshopjustnow.Myfather______just______________thebookshop.2.HebegantolearnChinesein2001.He____________Chinesesince2001.3.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm_________________sincetwominutesago.4.Hehashadthemotorbikefortwoyears.It’stwoyears______he________themotorbike.He________themotorbiketwoyears______.Twoyears____________sincehe______themotorbikehasreturnedfromhaslearnedhasbeenonsinceboughtboughtagohaspassedbought用所给动词的适当形式填空1.He______(go)toAmericatheyearbeforelast.2.-What_____you______(do)?--I_____(be)ateacher.3.Doyoulike________(drink)milk?4.He_____________(nothave)hissupperyet.5.We________________(see)UncleLitomorrow.6.Joan’smotheroften_______atfour,nowshe_____