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沪江网校10年6月英语四级冲关班内部讲义——冲刺篇．数字与计算题“数字与计算”是早年大学英语四级统考中的听力测试的最常考项目之一，常见的计算题包括时间、价格、年龄、距离、速度等。出题形式可分为计算型、辨认型和替换型。以加减计算题为主。相关词汇与表达：more,less,late,early,fast,slow,aheadofschedule,delay,postpone,decrease,bringforward,times,twice,double,aquarter,ahalf,thedaybeforeyesterday,bynoon,halfanhour例一A)$1.40B)$4.30C)$6.40D)$8.60W:Hereisaten-dollarbill.Givemetwoticketsfortonight’sshow,please.M:Sure.Twoticketsandhere’sadollarfortycentschange.Q:Howmuchdoesoneticketcost?2．职业、身份和相互关系题这种类型的题目相对比较简单。首先，四个选择往往是4种不同职业或者是表示两个对话者之间关系的词。如husbandandwife,bossandsecretary,librarianandstudent或customerandrepairman等。选择项的特点决定了提问的内容。了解这一点后，在听音过程中，就可以把注意力集中到一些关键词或词组上，以便作出准确判断。其次，提问的方式比较单一固定。常见的提问方式是：What’stheman/woman?Whatdoestheman/womando?What’stheman’s/woman’sjob/profession/occupation?What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthemanandwoman?What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?在听音过程中，只需集中注意力听清对话，根据对话提供的有效信息，便可以比较快地作出正确选择。相关词汇和表达：1．营业员与顾客（shopassistantandcustomer）WhatcanIdoforyou?/onsale/CanIhelpyou?/outofstyle/ready-made/receipt/check-outstand/size/color/fit/lookround2．饭店服务员与顾客（waiter/waitressandcustomer）menu/seasoning/order/treat/goDutch/steak/ham/bill/DutchTreat/reserve/makeareservation沪江网校10年6月英语四级冲关班内部讲义——冲刺篇．图书管理员与学生(librarianandstudent)borrow/renew/librarycard/librarycatalogue/loandesk/due/overdue/fine/finishreading4．医生与病人(doctorandpatient)What’swrong?/Whatseemstobethesymptom?/What’sthematter?/indigestion/stomache/beoperatedon/giveaninjection/chestpain/feelwornout5．教师与学生(teacherandstudent)tuition/registration/requiredcourse/compulsorycourse/optionalcourse/electivecourse/dropout/quitschool/credits/attendance/passcourse6．空姐与乘客（airhostessandpassenger）takeoff/board/fastenseatbelt/land/depart/departuretime/extinguishcigarettes7．老板与秘书(bossandsecretary)copy/makearrangement/breakdown/inform例一A)Arailwayporter.B)Ataxidriver.C)Abusconductor.D)Apostalclerk.W:Excuseme,Sir,I’mgoingtosendthisparceltoLondon.What’sthepostageforit?M:Letmesee.It’sonepoundandfifty.Q:Whoisthewomanmostprobablyspeakingto?例二A)Colleagues.C)Employerandemployee.B)Husbandandwife.D)Motherandson.W:John,whatareyoudoingonyourcomputer?Don’tyourememberyourpromise?M:Thisisnotagame.It’sonlyacrosswordpuzzlethathelpsincreasemyvocabulary.Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?(2003.1)3.因果关系题提高这类测试题的应试能力，考生必须学会分析选择项。根据选择项特征确定测试的具体类型。即该题是就原因提问还是就结果进行提高；同时根据选择项中的主语、人称代词的性质明确听音的重点，即是集中注意力听男声部分还是女士的谈话。就原因提问的测试题，其选择项特点较为明显，通常都由because引导。但也不不少含蓄型的题目。这类测试题的选择项没有because，不过，只要认真分析一下选择项的谓语部分也能加以确定。例一A)Hemustmeethisteacher.B)Hemustattendaclass.C)Hemustgooutwithhisgirlfriend.D)Hemuststayatschooltofinishhishomework.W:John,doyouwanttogoswimmingwithmetoday?M:Sure,butIcan’tleavenow.Ihaveanappointmentwithmyprofessoratthreeo’clock.Q:Whycan’tJohngoswimmingnow?4.地点与场所题沪江网校10年6月英语四级冲关班内部讲义——冲刺篇地点与场所类的题目主要要求考生判断对话发生的地点，或判断对话中某一方要去的地方，以及判断第三者所在的位置等。这类测试通常比较简单，提问的方式比较单一，选择项特点明显，一般四个选择项都是表示地点状语的介词短语。最常见的提问方式是：Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?Wherearethetwospeakersnow?Wheredoyouthinkthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?Whereistheman/womangoing?WhereisMarynow?相关词汇和表达：Hotel:roomservice,doubleroom;reservation,frontdesk,bathroomreception,singleroomRestaurant:menu,steak,order,salad,softdrink,dessert,soup,goDutch,beef,mutton,reservationLibrary:borrow,over-due,lend,fine,renew,catalogue,due,shelf,volumnPostoffice:mail,parcel,airmail,registeredletter,post,postageStore:size,fashion,color,cash,department,counter,checkout,onsale,ofthesameprice.bargainBank:openanaccount,drawonone’saccount,cashacheck,currentaccount,fixeddepositHospital:fever,pills,cough,tablet,headache,takemedicine,stomachache,temperature,prescribeSchool:Bachelor’sdegree,Master’sdegree,Doctor’sdegree,dormitory,semester,requiredcourse,elective/optionalcourse,credit,exam.paper,termpaperPlane:flight,seatbelt,takeoff,land,extinguishcigarettes,boarding.例一A)Anartmuseum.C)Acollegecampus.B)Abeautifulpark.D)Anarchitecturalexhibition.W:Wow,Idolikethiscampus.Allthebigtrees,thegreenlawns,andtheoldbuildingswithtallcolumns（柱，园柱）.It’sreallybeautiful.M:Itsureis.ThearchitectureofthesebuildingsisintheGreekstyle.Itwaspopularinthe18thcenturyhere.Q:Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?(2005.6)例二A）Atapublishinghouse.C)Inareadingroom.B)Atabookstore.D)InProf.Jordan’soffice.M:Excuseme,IamlookingforthetextbookbyaProfessorJordonforthemarketingcourse(市场营销课程)。W:Iamafraidit’soutofstock(脱销).You’dhavetoorder(订购)it.Anditwilltakethepublisher(出版商)3weekstosendittous.Q:Wheredidthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?沪江网校10年6月英语四级冲关班内部讲义——冲刺篇态度与反应题涉及的主要是对话中男女双方对某人某事的看法。主要测试考生分析判断能力。四个选择项都有比较明显的特点，即选择项中往往出现表示人的情感或态度的动词或形容词等。如:beafraid,think,believe,feel,like等。另外，在选择项中常会出现表明人的喜、怒、哀、乐等情感的形容词，如:excited,bored等。有时也会出现描述事物性质的词，如:big,small,cheap等。常见的提问方式有：Whatdoestheman/womanthinkof…?What’stheiropinionof…?Howdidtheman/womanfeelabout…?Howdidtheman/womanfeel?值得提醒的是，听力测试中还有一种特殊现象。对话中的另一方（第二个说话的人）并不直接说出自己的看法，而是用also,too,neither,either,so,thesame来表明自己的态度。在这种情况下，就必须听清第一个人的讲话并准