二三层交换机设计原理及转发流程（PPT36页)

HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HuaweiConfidentialSecurityLevel:Slidetitle:40-47ptSlidesubtitle:26-30ptColor::whiteCorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:Arial:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialContentPageText:28-30ptBulletslevel2-520-30ptColor:BlackCorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:Arial目录•基本概念•集线器、交换机、路由器•交换原理及转发过程•常见的基本配置HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HuaweiConfidentialSlidetitle:32-35ptColor:R153G0B0CorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialSlidetext:20-22ptBulletslevel2-5:18ptColor:BlackCorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialToprightcornerforfield-mark,customerorpartnerlogotypes.----------------Thefollowingninegroupsofcolorsareanexampleofhowourdesigncolorscanbeused,pleasetakenotethatyoushouldonlyuseonedesigncolorgroupperslide.Forspecificusagedetails,refertothe“TypesettingStandard”.Page3网络分层概念•网络分层概念七层：应用层，telnet/ftp/路由协议。四层：传输层，TCP/UDP协议。三层：网络层，通常是IP，数据包成为报文。二层：链路层，比如说以太网，数据包称为帧。一层：物理层。以太网头IP头L2HEADERL3HEADERDATAL4HEADERTCP头HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HuaweiConfidentialSlidetitle:32-35ptColor:R153G0B0CorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialSlidetext:20-22ptBulletslevel2-5:18ptColor:BlackCorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialToprightcornerforfield-mark,customerorpartnerlogotypes.----------------Thefollowingninegroupsofcolorsareanexampleofhowourdesigncolorscanbeused,pleasetakenotethatyoushouldonlyuseonedesigncolorgroupperslide.Forspecificusagedetails,refertothe“TypesettingStandard”.链路层•链路层：负责直接相连的网络设备之间的通讯•二层设备：连接同类型的链路网段，如两个以太网的物理网段Page4iMaciMacL2L1L2L2L1L3L3HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HuaweiConfidentialSlidetitle:32-35ptColor:R153G0B0CorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialSlidetext:20-22ptBulletslevel2-5:18ptColor:BlackCorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialToprightcornerforfield-mark,customerorpartnerlogotypes.----------------Thefollowingninegroupsofcolorsareanexampleofhowourdesigncolorscanbeused,pleasetakenotethatyoushouldonlyuseonedesigncolorgroupperslide.Forspecificusagedetails,refertothe“TypesettingStandard”.链路层地址•在以太网使用的地址是MAC地址(48bit二进制的地址)，可划分为单播地址、多播地址和广播地址。6字节数字，如00-50-FC-1F-C0-3A第一字节最低位为0，如00-e0-fc-00-00-06，单播地址。第一字节最低位为1，如01-e0-fc-00-00-06，多播地址。特殊地址：FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF广播地址•MAC地址没有层次关系，所有的MAC地址只有数值的不同，没有网络上的包含关系•一个MAC地址唯一代表网络上的一个点Page5HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HuaweiConfidentialSlidetitle:32-35ptColor:R153G0B0CorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialSlidetext:20-22ptBulletslevel2-5:18ptColor:BlackCorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialToprightcornerforfield-mark,customerorpartnerlogotypes.----------------Thefollowingninegroupsofcolorsareanexampleofhowourdesigncolorscanbeused,pleasetakenotethatyoushouldonlyuseonedesigncolorgroupperslide.Forspecificusagedetails,refertothe“TypesettingStandard”.链路层•链路层网络是一个平面的网络：没有层次关系Page6iMaciMacdigitaliMaciMaciMaciMacdigitaldigitaliMaciMaciMaciMaciMaciMac等于HUBHUBHUBHUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HuaweiConfidentialSlidetitle:32-35ptColor:R153G0B0CorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialSlidetext:20-22ptBulletslevel2-5:18ptColor:BlackCorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialToprightcornerforfield-mark,customerorpartnerlogotypes.----------------Thefollowingninegroupsofcolorsareanexampleofhowourdesigncolorscanbeused,pleasetakenotethatyoushouldonlyuseonedesigncolorgroupperslide.Forspecificusagedetails,refertothe“TypesettingStandard”.网络层•网络层：负责一个网络内的通讯•三层设备：连接多个IP网段Page73层交换机/路由器iMaciMacL2L1L3L2L1L3L2L2L320.0.0.0/830.0.0.0/8HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HuaweiConfidentialSlidetitle:32-35ptColor:R153G0B0CorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialSlidetext:20-22ptBulletslevel2-5:18ptColor:BlackCorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialToprightcornerforfield-mark,customerorpartnerlogotypes.----------------Thefollowingninegroupsofcolorsareanexampleofhowourdesigncolorscanbeused,pleasetakenotethatyoushouldonlyuseonedesigncolorgroupperslide.Forspecificusagedetails,refertothe“TypesettingStandard”.网络层地址•IP地址：4字节数字•IP地址有层次关系10.0.0.0/8是一个大网络地址10.1.0.0/16是其中的一个子网10.1.30.23/16是这个子网中的一个主机地址10.1.255.255/16是这个子网中的广播地址Page8网络地址主机地址掩码长度HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HuaweiConfidentialSlidetitle:32-35ptColor:R153G0B0CorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialSlidetext:20-22ptBulletslevel2-5:18ptColor:BlackCorporateFont:FrutigerNextLTMediumFonttobeusedbycustomersandpartners:ArialToprightcornerforfield-mark,customerorpartnerlogotypes.----------------Thefollowingninegroupsofcolorsareanexampleofhowourdesigncolorscanbeused,pleasetakenotethatyoushouldonlyuseonedesigncolorgroupperslide.Forspecificusagedetails,ref