Howtotellfromalie————Wewillpresentashortguideexplainingexactlyhowyoucantellifsomeoneislying.Withadvicefromourppt,youneverbeforehasbeensoeasytoseeifsomeoneislyingtoyou!第四组:张作洞,韩郑新,杨濮域,李雪玉,杨雅静,陈璐,陈雪婷,朱娟娟,朱亚萍Step1:NobodymovementLittleornobodymovementoccurswhenthepressureoftheliemakestheliarworryabouttheirbodylanguage,sosomewillstopmovingalltogether.Thisisalsoreflectedineyecontact,whentheyprobablywon'tbeabletolookatyou.1.无肢体语言说谎话时内心感到压力,说谎者会担心自己的举止当中有马脚露出,于是有些人便会选择禁用一切肢体语言。这一点也能在目光接触上反映出来-说谎者可能会不敢看着你。Step2:Exaggerated([iɡ'zædʒəreitid]adj.夸张的,言过其实的)bodymovementSomeliarsdotheopposite.Theybecomeactorsandtheiractionsandfacialexpressionsgetbiggertoconvinceyoutheyaretellingthetruth.They'lltrytomakemoreeyecontactthanusual.2.夸大的肢体语言有些说谎者恰恰相反,他们逢场作戏,用夸大的动作和面部表情来让你相信他们在说真话。较之往常,他们会试图与你产生更多的目光接触。Step3:StressgesturesLyingmakespeoplestressedandthiscomesacrossintheirbodylanguagewithstrangegesturessuchasscratching,itchingandtwitching.Morefrequentswallowingandfasterblinking(v.眨眼睛)arealsosignsthattheyarebeingeconomical[iːkə'nɒmɪk(ə)l;ek-]withthetruth.3.紧张时的小动作说谎会使人感到紧张,这从人的肢体语言中可见一斑-说谎者会做出一些不自然的动作,诸如搔这儿搔那儿的,不自主的颤动等。更频繁的咽口水,眼睛眨得更快,也都表明别人没有完全说真话。Step4:EyecontactEyesareagreatgiveaway.Thereforesomepeoplewilllookawayatthepointofthelie.Orpeoplewillreplicate['replikit】vt.复制theinnocenceofchildhoodandwiden['waidən]theireyeswhilst[waɪlst]lookingstraightatyou.4.转移视线人的眼睛是心灵之窗,反应人的内心世界。因此,在说谎时,一些人会将视线移开;不过也有的人会模仿孩子般无辜的眼神,睁大眼睛,直愣愣地盯着你看。Step5:EyemovementWemoveoureyeballstostimulatevt.刺激;鼓舞differentpartsofthebrain.Whentheeyesrollupwardstotheleft,theyarerecordingmemoriesandprobablybeinghonest.Butwhentheireyesrolluptotheright,theyarestimulatingimagination,andareprobablygoingtolietoyou.5.眼球的转动我们会通过转动眼球来刺激大脑的不同区域。当眼球转向左上方时,人是在唤醒自己的记忆,他很可能在说真话。但当人的眼球转向右上方时,是在激发大脑的想象力,那么他很可能要对你说谎。Step6:NosetouchingThisisatypicalsignoflying.Whenwelie,ournosesdogetalittlebiggerandthisisknownasthePinocchio[pi'nəukiəuu]匹诺曹Effect.Itonlyhasatinyeffect,butenoughtomakethenoseitchy['ɪtʃɪ]adj.发痒的.Thereforewhenpeoplekeepscratchingtheirnose,itcouldbeasignthattheyarelying.6.碰鼻子这是说谎时的典型特征。当说谎时,我们的鼻子会变大一丁点,我们称之为“比诺曹效应”。虽然反应甚微,但足以让鼻子痒痒。因此,当一个人不断地搔鼻子时,这可能意味着他在说谎。Step7:MouthorfacecoveringThisisachildishbitofbodylanguage,butsomestilldesiretocovertheirface,particularlywhentellingthepartofthelietheyaremostworriedabout.7.以手捂嘴或遮面虽与一叶障目同出一辙,但一些人仍试图用手遮住自己的脸,尤其是说谎话说到他们最为在乎的部分时。HowToDetectaLieonHowcastStep1:Watchtheirhands•Watchthesuspectedliar’shands.Bodylanguagestudiesshowthatpeopletendtotouchtheirfaceandscratchtheirnosewhentheylie.•第一步:看他们的手•看可能撒谎人的手。关于体态语的研究表明当人们撒谎时,都倾向去碰碰脸或抓鼻子。•Step2:Followtheireyes•Followtheireyes.Liarstendtoblinkalotanddon’tmaintaineyecontact.•第二步:盯着对方的眼睛•盯着对方的眼睛。撒谎的人会眨很多次眼睛,而且不会保持眼神上的交流。•Step3:Notetheirwords•Notetheirwords.Aliarwillskipcontractions—saying“Ididnot”insteadof“Ididn’t”—andavoidpronouns,usingsomeone’sfullnameinsteadof“he”or“she.”•第三步:注意他们的言辞•注意他们的言辞。撒谎的人会忽视缩写——他们会说“Ididnot(我没有)”,而不是“Ididn’t”——他们会避免使用代词,称呼某人的全名而不用代词“他”或“她”。•Step4:Checktheirsmile•Checktheirsmile.Peoplewhoaretellingthetruthusemanyfacialmuscles,butliarssmilewithjusttheirmouth.•第四步:审视他们的笑容•审视他们的笑容。说实话的人会有很多面部表情,但是撒谎的人微笑时只是嘴在动。•Step5:Notetheirposture•Noticetheirposture.Liarstendtokeeptheirbodypostureclosed(byfoldingtheirarms,forexample).Theymayalsounconsciouslyputanobjectbetweenyou,likeacupofcoffee.•第五步:注意他们的姿势•注意他们的姿势。说谎的人倾向于保持闭合的姿势,如合拢胳臂。他们也可能不自觉地在你们之间放些东西,比如一杯咖啡。•Step6:Pausebeforeresponding•Pausemomentarily'məʊm(ə)nt(ə)rɪlɪbeforeresponding;ifthesilencemakesthemuncomfortable,theymaybelying.•第六步:回复对方前停顿下•回复对方前停顿下。如果沉默使他们感到不舒服,他们可能就在说谎。•Step7:Notethedetails•Payattentiontodetails.Iftheyprovidemoreinformationthannecessary,that’sabadsign.Peopletendtobeoverlyspecificwhenthey’remakingsomethingup.•第七步:注意细节•注意细节。如果他们提供了一些不必要的信息,那是一个不好的征兆。当人们编造事情时,会过分注重细节。•Step8:Changethesubject•Changethesubject.Iftheyseemrelieved,that’sprobablyaredflagthatthey’vebeenlyingstraighttoyourface!•第八步:改变话题。•改变话题。如果谈话时他们看起来很放松,很可能他们正在撒谎。•Step9:Teachyourliaralesson•Whatyoudofromhereisuptoyou.Itmaybesmarttofile['fail]yourknowledgeawayforfutureuse.However,ifyou’renoticingatrend,itmightjustbetimetoteachyourliaralesson.•第九步:给说谎的人上上课•要如何做取决于你。也许将你所知道的知识收藏起来可能对将来有帮助。但是,如果你注意到对方有说谎的趋势,应该给说谎的人上上课1.compressingone’slip--adubious['djuːbɪəs]半信半疑的remark:beunconfidenttohiswords说话时抿嘴—模棱两可,对自己说的话没信心。facialexpressionsTheexpressionsabove—hidingsomefacts隐藏了某些事实,压抑自己不说出来TwopeopleLookingdownsuddenlyatthesametime——twopossibilities(1)Bothofthemknowit’salie.Whenoneofthemtellalie,hemakesaneyecontactwiththeother,expressingguilty.两个人都知道说的是谎话,当其中一个人说的时候,和另一个人目光接触,表现出的内疚。(2)Theyhavesomeaffairs.两个人有一腿guiltybodyactionsControllableactions:scratchingone’searsandcheeks;touchingone’snoseneckandheadetc.IfControllableactionsincreaseintalking------lying在说话时伴随的手部动作称为:诠释性动作。抓耳挠腮、咂嘴或抚弄首饰称为控制性动作。当诠释性动作消失,而控制性动作增加的时候,就是撒谎的表现。e.g.Thedirectionofeyesisdifferentfromthefingerpoint---lying!(大脑在努力编造故事,造成肢体语言不一致)。Willingtostayattheminimumspace对话中下意识的退缩(退步,双臂十字交叉)—--肢体阻抗:刚说的那句话不可信表示在撒谎Flinchingsubconsciouslywhentalkingstandsforbodyimpedencemoreeyecontact----tomakesurethatthelis