个案分析：柴油公交车改造(中国北京)中英对照

iTableofContents1Introduction..................................................................................................................12DescriptionofBuses....................................................................................................43DieselBusRetrofitSystemsandInstallation...............................................................83.1Selection&ProcurementofRetrofitSystems.....................................................83.2ProcurementofLow-SulfurDieselFuel..............................................................93.3DieselOxidationCatalysts...................................................................................93.3.1EUROIBusInstallations............................................................................93.3.2EUROIIBusInstallations.........................................................................103.4PartialFlowDieselParticulateFilters...............................................................113.4.1EUROIBusInstallations..........................................................................113.4.2EUROIIBusInstallations.........................................................................113.5WallFlowDieselParticulateFilters..................................................................164MeasurementEquipmentforOnboardParticulateMatter(PM)Emissions..............205MeasurementofEmissions........................................................................................225.1OnboardMeasurementResults(FirstRound–March2007)............................225.1.1DieselOxidationCatalysts(DOC).............................................................245.1.2Flow-ThroughDieselParticulateFilters(FT-DPF)...................................275.1.3ImpactofULSDFuel-Experiment...........................................................295.1.4WallflowDieselParticulateFilters(WF-DPF)..........................................305.2OnBoardMeasurementResults(SecondRound–October2007)....................315.2.1WallFlowDPF(WF-DPF).........................................................................335.2.2Flow-ThroughDPF(FT-DPF)...................................................................345.2.3DieselOxidationCatalyst(DOC)..............................................................375.3ComparisonofEngine-DynamometerTestingtoOnBoardTesting.................395.4OnBoardGaseousPortableEmissionsMonitoringSystem(PEMS)................405.5DiscussionofParticleMassDistributionandSizeConcentration....................415.5.1FirstRoundofTesting–March2007........................................................415.5.2SecondRoundofTesting–October2007.................................................435.6SummaryofOnBoardParticulateMatterTestResults......................................456ConclusionsandRecommendations..........................................................................467AdditionalRetrofitProjectsSupervisedbytheBeijingEnvironmentalProtectionBureau........................................................................................................................47iiListofTablesTable1:TechnologiesforBeijingDieselRetrofitPilotProject.........................................2Table2:RetrofitTestFleet–25Buses.............................................................................4Table3:DetailsofDOCInstallationsonEUROIBuses...................................................9Table4:DetailsofDOCInstallationsonEUROIIBuses...............................................10Table5:DetailsofFT-DPFInstallationsonEUROIBuses............................................11Table6:DetailsofFT-DPFInstallationsonEUROIIBuses...........................................12Table7.DetailsofVehiclesTestedinMarch2007.........................................................23Table8:OnBoardTestResultsSummary........................................................................45Table9:BeijingChinaAdditionalRetrofits.....................................................................48iiiListofFiguresFigure1:ExampleofSmokeEmittedfromaEUROIIBus..............................................6Figure2:BusRoute954TracedonGreaterBeijingMap..................................................6Figure3:TemperatureProfile–EUROIbus–October28-30,2005................................7Figure4:TemperatureProfile–EUROIIbus–October28-30,2005..............................7Figure5:DOCInstallationSchematic..............................................................................10Figure6:Foil-TypeFlow-ThroughFilter(FT-DPF)........................................................13Figure7:HeavyDepositsofCarbonaceousMaterialfromFT-DPF................................14Figure8:DamageCausedbyPartialRunawayRegeneration:FT-DPF...........................14Figure9:TemperatureProfileofEUROIBus-Serviced................................................15Figure10:TemperatureProfileofaEUROIIBus-Serviced.........................................15Figure11:ExhaustTemperatureProfileofEUROIIBus.......