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定语从句1.定义：在复合句中，修饰主句中的某个名词或代词的句子。Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.HebuiltthefactorywhereIhaveworkedforyears.Ican’tunderstandthereasonwhyhewaslate.2.先行词：主句中被定语从句修饰的那个名词或代词。定语从句一般放在先行词后面，紧挨着先行词。3.关系词：引导定语从句的词。包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词：where,when,why4.关系词的作用：指代先行词；连接主从句；在定语从句中充当句子成分。5.定语从句的分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。注：限制性定语从句起修饰限定的作用；非限制性定语从句起补充说明的作用，并且先行词和定语从句间有逗号。其中that不能引导非限制性定语从句。Walmart,whichisoneofthebiggestsupermarketintheUSA,keepshisshopsopen.6.关系代词：在定语从句中充当主语，宾语或定语。（1）关系代词that,which,who,whom的用法：①在定语从句中作主语或宾语。②关系代词指代的先行词，是人还是物？见下表关系代词指代的先行词在定语从句中的成分引导的定语从句that既可以是人又可以是物主语，宾语限制性which只可以是物主语，宾语限制性和非限制性who只可以是人主语，宾语限制性非限制性whom只可以是人宾语限制性非限制性●只可用that，不能用which的情况；（指物的情况）★先行词既有人又有物；Tomtoldhismotheraboutthecitiesandthepeoplethathehadvisitedlastweek.★先行词是不定代词，something，everything，anything等；Thenextdaypeopleputupsheltersintheopenairmadewithanythingthattheycouldfind.★先行词被all,every,no,little,much等修饰时；Alltreesthatwerecutdownyesterdaybelongtohim.★先行词被theonly,thelast,thevery等修饰时；ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor.★先行词是序数词或形容词最高级，以及被这些词所修饰时；ThisisthemostbeautifulparkthatIhaveeverseen.★Therebe句型结构中用that。Thereisabookwhosecoverisblue.●只用which,不用that的情况（指物的情况）★非限制性定语从句中；★先行词是that或those;Idon’tlikethatwhichmadeusangry.★介词后面;ThehouseinwhichIgrewupwastakendown.●只用who，不用that的情况。（指人的情况）★先行词是all，those时；Thosewhowearreddressareactresses.★先行词是指人的不定代词；Anyonewhowantstostudyhardcanmakeprogress.（2）关系代词whose的用法；①whose在定语从句中作定语，既可以指人也可以指物；②whose后的名词和先行词之间是所属关系，而非单纯的指代。Thedeskwhoselegsarebrokenbelongstome.Thedeskofwhichthelegsarebrokenbelongstome.Thedeskthelegsofwhicharebrokenbelongstome.总结关系代词的用法：（1）在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，其中whose作定语；（2）关系词的省略：在限制性定语从句中，关系代词作宾语，表语是可以省略；Themanistheteacher(that/who/whom)Iamafraidof.Thisisthehouse(that/which)Igrewupin.ThisisthehouseinwhichIgrewup.That不能放在介词后，who也不可，须用whom。（13年山东）35.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland_____wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom（13年福建）27.Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthose____liveswereaffected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which（13年天津）6.Wehavelaunchedanothersatellite,____isannouncedintoday’snewspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what（13年湖南）21.Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose___aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which（12年天津）7.IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without____helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which（10年全国2）32.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething___wassomeoneelse’sfault.A.whoB.thatC.asD.what26.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,___weremadeofsmalldiamonds.A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.ofwhichthehands1.Imissedthefactory_____Iworkedlastyear.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.Thisisthefactory____wevisitedlastweek.A.whichB.whereC.whyD.whom3.Iwillneverforgetthedays__wespenttogether.A.whichB.whomC.whenD.who4.Iwillneverforgetthedays_weplayedtogether.A.whichB.whomC.whenD.who