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在学习英语词汇中，有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的，我们一般从三方面进行区分，即：语法、语义和文体。语法主要是词性、搭配、句式等的区分；语义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分；文体主要是正式和非正式、褒义和贬义等的区分。1.路way:Whereverthereisroomforanobjecttoproceed,thereisaway.road:Aroadisapreparedwayfortravelingwithhorsesorvehicles.Beontheroad在途中，状态良好可行驶，居无定所Beontheroadtorecovery正在恢复中Byroad/air/railRoadaccident/signTheroadtohellispavedwithgoodintentionspath:Awaysuitabletobetraveledonlybyfootpassengersorbyanimals.小径，小路抽象acareerpath/thepath/routetosuccessroute:(fromAtoB)Arouteisalineoftravel,andmaybeovermanyroads.Thebest/quickestroutefromBJtoSHAnescaperoute逃脱路径Bus/trainroute公交线、列车运行线路street:Astreetisinsomecentreofhabitation,asacitytownorvillage,whenitpassesbetweenhousesofdwellings.BerecognizedinthestreetStreetmap/plan街道平面图It'snotsafetowalkthestreetatnight夜间在街上行走不安全Highstreet大街sidestreet小街道avenue:Aavenueisalong,broadandimposing(庄严)orprincipalstreet.FifthAvenue第五大道（没有the)2.时代(期)(时期)period:Itindicatesanypassageoftime,greatorsmall./anextentoftimeofanylength.(时代)time(s):Itreferstoaperiodinhistory.inancienttimes/inVictoriatime(新时代)epoch:Itindicatesalongperiodoftimemarkedbyeventsordevelopmentofaparticularkind.Thefirstflightintospacemarkedanewepochinthehistoryofmankind.(纪元)era:Itreferstoaverylongperiodoftimemarkedbyaparticularfeatureinagreatneweraofworldrevolution(时期)age:Itshowsaparticular/afairlydefiniteperiodinhistory.theBronzeAge,IronAge3beat,win,conquer,defeat,overcome这组词均有“获胜，征服，击败”之意。beat指在战争、竞赛或其他方面最终彻底战胜对方，对象可以是人，也可以是物。win指在竞赛或战斗中击败对方，其对象一般应是物，如battle,race,victory等。conquer既可指靠武力或精神道方面的力量使对方屈服，又可指排除障碍和阻力后取得胜利。defeat意为“击败”，强调的是暂时的胜利。overcome既可指在战斗和竞赛中战胜对方，也可指在感情、习惯等方面压倒，胜过。如：Wecaneasilybeatyouatbaseball.打垒球我们可以轻易地击败你们。TheChineseteamwonintheend.最后中国队赢了。TheNormansconqueredEnglandin1066.1066年，诺曼底人征服了英格兰。Hedefeatedhisopponentsinthiselection.在这次竞选中，他击败了对手。Hemadeeffortstoovercomeeverydifficulty.他努力克服每一个困难。4character,personality,nature,temperament,individuality这组词都表示人的“脾气，性格”。character意为“天性，性情，性格，个性；品格”，侧重人格、品质，特指道义方面的邪、正、强、弱等，也可笼统表示性格全貌。另外character还有“特点，人物”等多种意义。personality意为“人格，个性，为人”，是在私下和社交场合体现的能影响他人对自己的印象或看法的性情、举止等。personality也有“人物、名人”之意。nature意为“本性，天性，性质”，指天生的，无法改变的品质或性格。temperament意为“性情，脾气，气质”，主要指影响人的思想、感情及行为的性情、气质或人易激动、易怒等特点。individuality意为“个性、特征”，指与他人不同的、有显著特色的性格特征。如：Sheisawomanofstrongcharacter.她是个性格坚强的女人。爱既包含奉献也包含索取，彼此应尊重对方的人格。It’snothernaturetoberude;she’spolitebynature.她的天性不是粗鲁无礼，而是彬彬有礼。Manyactorshaveexcitabletemperament.许多演员性情容易激动。Dressexpressesthewearer’sindividuality.衣着反映人的个性。5.服装clothing(collect):(fml)Generaltermofclothes.clothes(nosingle):Coveringsofthebodysuchascoats,dresses,suits,shoes,hats.garment(fl):Asuitofclothesusedbyactors./asinglearticleofclothing.costume:1)Thefashionofdresspeculiartoapeople,nation,class,period,etc.2)Adresswornbyactorsinaplay.uniform:wornbyallmembersofthecommunity.dress:1)Akindofoutergarmentwornbywomen(连衣裙).2)wornonspecialoccasions(礼服)eveningdress/morningdresssuit:Asetofouterclothestobeworntogether.eveningsuit/swimmingsuit套装，西装Three-piecesuit三件式西装coat:Agarmentwithsleeveswornontopofotherclothesfromrain,heat,etc.overcoat:Awarncoatworninthestreet.6.哭cry:Themostgeneralone.(哭泣)weep:Toletflowtears.(抽泣抽嗒)sob:Toweeporsighwithshortquickbreaths.(哭天抹泪涕泪交流)snivel:Tosniffleandcryinairritatingmanner.(哭嚎又哭又闹)blubber:Tocryloudlynoisily.(发出低声报怨声)whine:Tomakealowcomplainingcry.(嚎哭)bawl:Toutterloudcries(alwaysinbadsense).(痛哭)wail:Tocryaloudfrompainorsorrow.(呻吟)moan:Tomakealow,miserablesoundinpainorsorrow.(呻吟)grown:Tomakealowsoundofpain,unhappinessordisapproval(哀悼)mourn:Tofeelorshowsadnessorsorrowforsomeonewhohasdied.(哀悼)lament:Toexpressgreatsorroworregret.7.美丽漂亮good-looking:Havinganattractiveappearanceinastrong,healthywayusedformenandwomennotthings.beautiful:(awomanorathing)Suggestingsymmetryoffeaturesorperfectionofproportion,eleganceandmobility.beautifulflowers,abeautifulgirl/voice/city/facebeautifulweather.handsome:Ofattractiveappearanceappliestomen.ahandsomefellow/actor/horse/buildings/youngman.pretty:(agirl,orasmallthing)Suggestinglivelinessandsweetness,pleasingornicetolookat.aprettylittlewoman/garden,aprettygirl/picture/pieceofmusic,lovely:(something)Sobeautifulthatitmakesyoufeelgoodtolookatitoreventothinkaboutit.Thegardenlookslovely.fair:Beautiful(ofwomaninpoet)lightincoloresp.,skinhair.gorgeous:(personsorthings)(inf)Extremelybeautifulorhandsome.8.拉拖pull:Themostgeneralone.draw:Itimpliesasmoother,steadiermotionandgenerallyalighterforcethanpull.drag:Itusuallyreferstohorizontalmotionormotionupanincline(slope)anditsuggestslaboriouseffortsoverroughgroundoragainstfriction,resistanceorgravity.Theescapedprisonerwasdraggedoutofhishidingplace.haul:Itimpliescontinuouspullingordraggingofheavyorbulkyobjects.Thefishermanishaulinganet.tug:Itappliestohardoftensuddenviolentefforttopull.Hetuggedatmysleevetoaskdirections.jerk:Topullsuddenly.Hejerkedouttheknifethatwasstuckinthewound.tow:Topullbyaropeorchain.Wetowedthecartothenearestgarage.wrench:Topullhardwithatwistingorturningmovement.9.旋转turn:Themostgeneralone.(自转)spin:Toturnquicklyaroundacentralpoint.Itemphasizesthecontinuityoftheaction,andusuallythenar