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定语从句•明确几个概念•什么是定语从句？定语从句从汉语的角度如何理解？什么是先行词？什么是关系词？•在复合句中修饰名词或代词（即先行词）的句子叫定语从句。在汉语中一般理解为“……的”引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。如何把两个句子合并为含有定语从句的主从复合句？不是任何两个句子都可以合并为定语从句的。只有两句中含有相同或相关的词时，才可有可能合并为定语从句。合并时一般遵循以下步骤：1.找出两句中的相同或相关词。2.确定主从句的关系。3.主句中的相同或相关词为先行词，把从句中的相同或相关词替换为关系词，并把它前移到先行词的后边，然后把从句的其他部分放在关系词的后边。定语从句的构成先行词关系代词从句所缺成分主语人宾语定语主语物宾语定语who/that(whom/that)whose/ofwhomwhose/ofwhichwhich/that（which/that）TheboyisJohn.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisJohn.Theboyhasabookinhishand.Theboywho/thatissmilingisJohn.(主语)Theboywho/thathasabookinhishandisJohn.TheboyisJohn.Helikesplayingfootball.Theboywho/thatlikesplayingfootballisJohn.Themanisateacher.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(whom/that)everyonelikesisateacher.(宾语)Thewomangotthejob.Wehelpedherinthestreet.Thewoman(whom/that)wehelpedinthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalktomorrow.Wemethimyesterday.Theteacher(whom/that)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalktomorrow.Ilikethebook.ThebookwaswrittenbyLuxun.Ilikethebookthat/whichwaswrittenbyLunxun.Doyouknowtheschool?Theschoolwassetupin1969.Doyouknowtheschoolthat/whichwassetupin1969?Ilikethebook.Helentmethebooklastyear.Ilikethebook(that/which)helentmelastyear.Doyouknowtheschool?Ivisitedtheschoollastweek.Doyouknowtheschool(that/which)Ivisitedlastweek?Ilikethebookverymuch.Thecoverofthebookisred.Ilikethebookofwhichthecoverisred.定语Ilikethebookwhosecoverisred.定语Thisistheboy.Theboy’sfatherisaworker.Thisistheboywhosefatherisaworker.Thisistheboyofwhomthefatherisaworker.Idon’tlikethehouse.ItswallsarewhiteIdon’tlikethehousewhosewallsarewhite.Idon’tlikethehouseofwhichthewallsarewhite.先行词关系代词从句所缺成分主语人宾语定语主语物宾语定语who/that(whom/that)whose/ofwhomwhose/ofwhichwhich/that（which/that）••先行词关系词从句所缺成分时间主语/宾语时间状语地点主语/宾语地点状语原因主语/宾语原因状语方式主语/宾语方式状语which/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwhen*/that/inwhichwherewhyIwillneverforgettheday.Wewenttothefactoryonthatday.Iwillneverforgetthedayonwhichwewenttothefactory.Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwewenttothefactory.Doyouknowthefactory?Myfriendworkedinthefactoryfiveyearsago.Doyouknowthefactoryinwhichmyfriendworkedfiveyearsago?Doyouknowthefactorywheremyfriendworkedfiveyearsago?•Thisisthereason.Helefthomeforit.•Thisisthereasonforwhichhelefthome.•Thisisthereasonwhyhelefthome.Idon’tlikehisway.Heusuallytreatothersintheway.Idon’tlikehisway*heusuallytreatothers.Idon’tlikehiswaythatheusuallytreatothers.Idon’tlikehiswayinwhichheusuallytreatothers.定语从句解题技巧1.一分是指说首先把句子拆为主句和从句。2。二找是分别找出先行词和关系词3。三还原是指通过观察从句所缺的成分把先行词转化为关系词还原到从句中。因此准确把握从句究竟缺少什么成分是做好定语从句的关键。一分，二找，三还原1)Theboy______________visitedourschoolyesterdayisJack.2)Theboy______________wesawyesterdayisJack.3)Heistheboy____________wenttoschoolwithme.4)Theperson_____________Italkedwithisourteacher.Who/that(whom/that)Who/that(whom/that)who/that指人,在从句中作主语whom/that指人,在从句中作宾语(可省略)1)HarryistheboymotherisourMathsteacher.2)Lookatthetreeleavesareblack.5)Pleasepassmethebook______coverisred.3)Hehelpedtheman_____carhadbroken.4)Helivesinahouse_____windowsopensouth.Whosewhosewhosewhosewhosewhose:指人或物，在从句中作定语，表示…的1)Lookatthetrees__________wereplantedlastyear.2)Themachine______________heisoperatingismadeinAmerica.3)Isthisthelibrary___________youborrowthebookfromwhich/that(which/that)(which/that)which/that指物，在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)1)I’llneverforgettheday_______________Ijoinedthearmy.2)Isthistheweek_____________Ivisitedthecity?试比较：Iwillneverforgettheyear__________wespenttogether.Iwillneverforgettheyear_____________weworktogether.when/onwhichwhen/inwhich(which/that)Inwhich/whenWhen：指代时间，在从句中作时间状语想当于介词+which1)Pleaseputtheletteronthedesk___________hecaneasilyfinditThisisthefactory________Ivisitedyesterday.Thisisthefactory_______________Ipaidavisit.2)Thisisthefactory______________myfatheronceworked.试比较：where/onwhichwhere/inwhich(which/that)where/towhichWhere：指代地点，在从句中作时间状语想当于介词+whichThisisthereason______________hedidn'tcometothemeeting.Thisisthereason____________hewaslate.Thisisthereason__________hegavetome.试比较：Why/forwhichWhy/forwhich(which/that)When：指代时间，在从句中作时间状语想当于介词+which1.Thisistheroom_______________Ivisitedyesterday.Thisistheroom_________________Ileftthebookyesterday.2.Iwillrememberthedays___________wespenttogether.Iwillrememberthedays______________westayedtogether.3.Thisisthereason____________Igavetotheteacher.Thisisthereason____________Iwaslateyesterday.which/that/不填where/inwhichwhich/that/不填when/inwhichwhich/that/不填why/forwhich4.Thisisthebus__________Itakestoschool.Thebus__________Igotoworkbrokedown.5.Isthisschool____________youoncestudiedin?Isthistheschool_________youoncestudiedin?Isthistheonlyflat________youoncelivedin?Isthistheflatin__________youoncelived?Isthistheflat____________youoncelived?Isthistheonlyflat__________youoncelived?(which/that)theone（that）(which/that)(that)whichwhere/inwhichwhereonwhich1.Doyouknowthedifficulty(that)Ihad_______outtheproblem?A.toworkB.workingC.workedD.work3.Istherearestaurantaround_____Icanhavesomethingtoeat?A.whichB.whereC.thatD.what4.Theschool_____Istudiedtenyearsagois____wevisitedyesterday.A.where;thatB.that;whichC.where;theoneD.which;that5.Pleasepassmethedictionary______coverisblack.A.whichB.it