定语从句(2012)

Thetallestboystandingthereismybrother.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。Lead-inUseasentencewithanattributetodescribeeachpicture.Sheisa__________girl.Thisisa______cup.Thereare_____children.Sheisawoman__________________________.beautifulteathreewithachildinherarmsThisisafilm_______Hero.calledShehasalotofwork_______.todoThisisa_______bird.flyingSheisabeautifulgirl.Thisisateacup.Therearethreechildren.Sheisawomanwithachildinherarms.ThisisafilmcalledHero.Shehasalotofworktodo.Thisisaflyingbird.I’myourteacher.Thenoiseoutsideisboring.Tom’sfatherisadoctor.(adjective)(noun)(numeral)(prepositionalphrase)(pastparticiple)(infinitive)(presentparticiple)(pronoun)(possessivecase)(adverb)Pickoutthesentencesthatcontainasentenceasanattributefromthefollowingsentences.1.Whetherhewillcomeornotisnotyetknown.2.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.3.Thegirlwho/thatisstandingthereisMary.4.Thenewsthatwehavewonthematchistrue.5.Thereisnothingthatworrieshim.6.ThisistheschoolwhereIwork.7.IthinkwatchingTVtoomuchisbadforpeople’shealth.8.Heistheboywhom/thatIwanttosee.9.IhaveaforeignfriendwhosenameisLiza.10.ThisisabookwrittenbyLuxun.11.Ourfootballteamwonthematch,whichmademeexcited.12.ThisistheEnglishbookwhichIlostyesterday.ThedefinitionoftheattributiveclauseWhenasentenceisusedasanattribute,wecallitAttributiveclause.形容词性从句：一定语从句非限定性定语从句限定性定语从句限制性定语从句:Anyonewillmakeprogress.Anyonewhoworkshardwillmakeprogress.非限制性定语从句Myuncle,wholivesinBeijing,willcometoseeus.注：1.补充说明2.逗号隔开(只有that,why不能引导非限制性从句)1.当先行词是物或人时,只用that或只用which或只用who引导定语从句的情况2.当先行词是表示时间,地点或原因的名词时,如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词3.whose的用法及转换形式4.as与which的区别5.定语从句中的主谓一致问题6.介词+关系代词三步定位法１.找先行词，辨清人或物还是时间、地点、原因２.确定关系词在从句中的作用是主语、宾语、定语还是状语如果充当主,宾,表,定语,就用关系代词,如果充当状语,就用关系副词.３.确定关系词做题技巧:定语从句关系词关系词先行词(Antecedent)在从句中所作的成分关系代词(Relative-pronoun)关系副词(Relative-adverb)whowhomwhichthatwhosewhenwherewhy人人物人或物人或物时间名词地点名词原因名词主,宾,表宾语主,宾,表主,宾,表定语时间状语地点状语原因状语as人或物主,宾,表如何选择用哪一个关系词?1.看先行词是人还是物2.看关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分,如果充当主,宾,表,就用关系代词,如果充当状语,就用关系副词1.(1)Aplaneisamachine(2)Amachinecanfly.Combinethetwosimplesentencestomakeacomplexsentencewithanattributiveclause.Aplaneisamachinewhich/thatcanfly.Thisistheteacherwho/thatteachesusmusic.Thisisthemuseumwhich/thatwevisitedlastweek.2.(1)Thisistheteacher.(2)Theteacherteachesusmusic.3.(1)Thisisthemuseum.(2)Wevisitedthemuseumlastweek.4.(1)Passmethebook.(2)Thebook’scoverisgreen.5.(1)Thepresentwasfrommybrother.(2)Ireceivedthepresent.6.(1)Thisisthehouse.(2)Luxunlivedinthehousebefore.Passmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.Thepresentwhich/thatIreceivedwasfrommybrother.ThisisthehousewhereLuxunlivedbefore.Ireceivedthepresentwhich/thatwasfrommybrother.1.Thegirl__________isstandingnexttoourteacherisherdaughter.2.Thegirl_________________ourteacheristalkingwithisafamoussinger.3.Thegirl________motherisateachercanspeakEnglishverywell.4.Ican’tfindthebook____________isborrowedfromthelibrary.5.Ican’tfindthebook________________youlenttome.who/that(who/whom/that)whosewhich/that(that/which)巩固练习：2.用适当的关系词填空巩固练习2：用适当的关系词填空一.定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致。例如：1.Herearesuchsentencesas_____(be)oftenusedbythestudents.2.I,who___(be)aPartymember,shouldworkhardforourcountry.aream3.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterday______(be)veryinteresting．4.ThebookswhichIboughtyesterday____(be)veryinteresting．waswaswere5.Hewasoneofthestudentswho______(be)praisedforit.他是被表扬的学生之一。6.Hewastheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____(be)praisedforit.他是唯一被表扬的学生。werewas2.关系代词的用法注意点(1)that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况只能用that不能用which。①当先行词中有人又有物时。如：Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?2.关系代词用法注意点(1)只能用that不能用which的5种情况②当先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,nobody,none等时。如：ThisisallthatIwantfromtheschool.③当先行词被only,just,very,right,last等修饰时。如：ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingforthesedays.④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscity.⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.(2)that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用who。(2)用who不用that的情况①先行词为all,anyone,one,ones等时。如：Allwhoheardthenewswereexcited.②先行词为those,he和people时。如：Thosewhowanttogopleasesignyournameshere.HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.④whose的先行词指物时，可用ofwhich代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich，或=ofwhich+the+名词。如：Thenovelwhosetitle(=thetitleofwhich或ofwhichthetitle)isRedandBlackisveryinteresting.③whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。⑤whose的先行词指人时，可用ofwhom代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhom，或=ofwhom+the+名词。如：Theboywhosemother(=themotherofwhom或ofwhomthemother)isadoctorismyfriend.四.介词+which/whom引导的定语从句1.介词的选用原则：(1)根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8dollars.ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8dollars.四.“介词+which/whom”引导的从句，1.介词选用原则(2)根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheParty.IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedthere.2.当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用whom(指人)或which(指物)，且关系代词不能省略。Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbor.Ican’tfindthepenwithwhichIwaswriting.2.介词位于关系代词前，关系代词的使用3.当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用which/that(指物),who/whom/that(指人)作从句中介词的宾语.而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。(whom/who/that)(which/that)Dadisaperson________________Icaneasilytalkto.Isthistheplay___________youweretalkingaboutjus