造纸污泥土地利用的资源价值与潜在风险

2810200810ACTAECOLOGICASINICAVol.28,No.10Oct.,2008:(863)(2006AA06Z384);(2006BAJ10B04;2006BAD25B03):2007201230;:2008205230:(1981),,,,.E2mail:[e-mail]3Correspondingauthor.E2mail:[e-mail]:TheprojectwasfinanciallysupportedbyNationalHighTechnologyResearchandDevelopmentProgramofChina(No.2006AA06Z384)andNationalKeyTechnologyR&DProgramofChina(No.2006BAJ10B04;2006BAD25B03)Receiveddate:2007201230;Accepteddate:2008205230Biography:DUWei,Master,mainlyengagedinsolidwastetreatmentanddisposal.E2mail:[e-mail]1,2,1,1,3,3,1,1,1,1,1(1.,100101;2.,1000413.,066000):,75%80%,,,,,NPK,,,,,,,,,:;;;;:100020933(2008)1025095209:X171:AValueandpotentialcontaminationriskofpapermillsludgelandapplication:areviewDUWei1,2,ZHENGGuo2Di1,CHENTong2Bin1,3,FUBen2Tian3,LEIMei1,GAODing1,YUEBo1,LIUBin1,ZHANGJun11CenterforEnvironmentalRemediation,InstituteofGeographicSciencesandNaturalResourcesResearch,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100101,China2BejingZhong2Ke2Bo2LianEnvironmentProjectLtd.,Beijing100041,China3GreenPortSludgeTreatmentPlant,QinhuangdaoCityAdministrativeBureau,Qinhuangdao,066000,ChinaActaEcologicaSinica,2008,28(10):50955103.Abstract:Thepulpandpaperindustrygeneratesaconsiderableamountofsludgesfromthepapermakingprocesses.Withthedevelopmentofpapermakingindustry,theenvironmentconcernsaboutpapersludgehaveincreased.Papersludgehashighwatercontentfrom75%to80%andhighorganicmatter.Itiseasilytoberottenandhasodor,andalsoisntinconvenienttotransportandlandapplication.Therefore,papersludgeshouldbestabilizedandusednon2hazardoustreatment.Compostingcanbeaneffectivestrategytostabilizethesludgeandreduceitsenvironmentalriskpriortolandapplication.Thecompostingprocessbiologicallystabilizesheterogeneousrawpapersludgeandreducesmassandvolumeandthushaulingcosts.Papersludgeisrichinorganicmatterandothernutrientsanditslandapplicationdontleadtotheheavymetalcontamination,theorganicchemicalsandnitrateleachingrisk.,waterholdingpropertiesandaggregation,alsocanimprovesoilstructure,decreasesoilbulkdensity,andpromotethesoilenzymeactivity.Papersludgeandcompostcanalsoimprovesoilnutrientsstatus,andincreasecropproductionandhasresidualeffect.Itisamainavenuetodisposepapersludgethatpapersludgeaftercompostingprocessmixeswithchemicalfertilizerascompoundorganicfertilizer.KeyWords:papersludge;composting;resource;landapplication;riskassessment11980,,10%,20044174,4950t,5439t,2,2020,9500t1t2004,,303kg41.6kg,55.6kg,[1],,,COD18.4%34.5%[1]200411(GB354422001),,,510[2],,1t65kg80%,20041600t,322t,,,,[4]Boni,62%[5],,,,[3],,2,,(de2inkingpapersludge)(primarysludge)(secondarysludge)(combinedsludge)4;;,,;[5,6]11[5,6]Table1DistributionofdifferentcategoriesofpapersludgeinCanadaandItaly[5,6](%)De2inkingpapersludge(%)Primarysludge(%)Secondarysludge(%)CombinedsludgeCanada12422618Italy29381210690528(2)(primarysludge)(),C40%[7],C/N300,01002%0.5%()[8]NPC(secondarysludge),C/N(=17)(de2inkingpapersludge)(primarysludge),C,NP,NP,C/N,2.67%()93%,7%[8,9],,(2),,[811],,AA,,118mgkg-1,B,[5,6],,,2[4,6,8,1217]Table2Comparisonofnutrientandheavymetalcontentsindifferentsolidwastes[4,6,8,1217]IndexDPS3DPSCCPSSewagesludgePigmanureChickenmanureS1S2S3pH8.30.467.67.978.0-7.77.9(gkg-1)59047---687523(gkg-1)754785-384637495C/N19511532.242-2114NO32N(gkg-1)0.006-3.10.17---NH42N(gkg-1)0.009-0.1---C(gkg-1)40153-4962.6-414301TN(gkg-1))3.02.314.311.82.92920.923.4K(mgkg-1)1821179104600280070001118016060P(mgkg-1)186114179022004001000089609290Ca(mgkg-1)244033180169302600300717001800028210Mg(mgkg-1)51661828022001500-74007510S(mgkg-1)1013---34604370B(mgkg-1)52.56-53.99.213.34-150Femgkg-1)542217621--6053.28121--Zn(mgkg-1)76612545111450137.2159500-500Cu(mgkg-1)875211838281148637.652.41001500250Mn(mgkg-1)246.9383871208-425.5366.3---As(mgkg-1)10ND-16.137.977.2134175Cd(mgkg-1)0.630.020.190.032.791.31.33395Cr(mgkg-1)7.53.790.23103.718518.16.32101200600Hg(mgkg-1)0.3ND-2.844.6-0.8-5Ni(mgkg-1)240.138.57.077.513.5662420100Pb(mgkg-1)200.284.413111.63.9150300300Se(mgkg-1)2-----236-DPS:De2inkingpapersludge;DPSC:De2inkingpapersludgecompost;CPS:Combinedpapersludge;S1:ACanadacompostunrestrictedusestandard(classAAandA);S2:Pollutantconcentrationlimitsforsludge;S3:GB4284284(pH6.5);ND:Notdetected;-:Nodata790510:[18]2a,25,(44.8thm-2,)(22.4thm-2,)10%35%();2a,()Simard[4],1a,(16.2thm-2,)FoleyCooperband[4][19]Chantigny[20]3,,,(100thm-2),44gkg-139gkg-1;2a,40%70%90%,(18tm-3)95%50%,,1Fietto[21],100dZibilske[22]5a,1a2a1,5a,,,,,,,[20,23],[4,18,22,24,25],Nemati,,,[26],,,135thm-2,5a,;5a12a1,;225thm-2,5a(p0.001)(p=0.030)388thm-2,3[22],,[18]3.2,,,,,[27]Piearce[28]2a,(200kghm-2)(Aporrectodeacaliginosa(Sav.)andOctolasioncyaneum(Sav.))23a,,;,pHCa,Chantigny[29]3a,,890528;,100thm-2,Gagnon[30]3a,,,;,,Baziramakenga[14]2a,;,42%33%;,3.3,,,C/N(),[4