非谓语动词之动词不定式

非谓语动词之动词不定式什么是非谓语动词啊？“非谓语非谓语”,就是不是谓语的动词呗!那不是谓语是什么呢？。。。。。。英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构如果出现更多动词：加连词（and/but/so…）放入从句变为非谓语动词4过去分词done动词不定式todo动名词doing非谓语动词现在分词doing分词固定搭配wanttodosth.wantsbtodosth.wishtododecidetodoasksbtodohappentodosth.……..考点一：搭配动词+不定式wouldliketodousedtodoseemtodofailtodo….动词+宾语+不定式allowsbtodosthadvisesbtodosthgetsbtodosthordersbtodosthWeagreeherebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.A.tomeetB.meeting考点二：注意不定式的否定nottodoremember,forget,regret后动名词表已经做过的动作,不定式表没有做过或将要做的动作.forgettodo忘了做（某事）forgetdoing忘了做过（某事）stop,try,goon,mean,beafraid,propose后两者都可,但意义不同.trytodo尽力做trydoing试着做meantodo意欲/想要做meandoing意味着做stoptodo停下来做stopdoing停止做proposetodo计划,打算做proposedoing建议做考点三：有些动词后既可跟to-不定式又可跟动名词动词不定式Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.定语（在句中可以做谓语以外的其他成分）动词不定式TolearnEnglishwellisnotdifficult.Idecidetohelpyou.MywishistolearnEnglishwell.Mymumaskedmetocleantheroom.主语宾语表语状语宾补TolearnEnglishwell,youmuststudyhard.动词不定式作主语不定式短语在句首作主语Tosayisonethingandtodoisanother.用it作形式主语在很多情况下，人们通常用it作为形式上的主语，而把不定式移到谓语之后，使句子结构显得平稳一些It+谓语+todoeg:Ittakesusanhourtogettherebybus.It’s+n.+todoeg:It’sourdutytohelpthepoor.Itisadj.(for/ofsb.)todosth.ItisimpossibletolearnEnglishwellwithoutmakingefforts.It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.Itishardforhimtogetridofhisbadhabits.动词不定式作表语不定式作表语可以说明主语的具体内容或表示目的Hiswishistobecomeanastronaut.Toliveistodosomethingworthwhile.考点四：注意:有些作表语的不定式，在结构上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的。Sheistoblame.Thehouseistolet.Theresultisnotlongtosee.动词不定式作宾语作动词的宾语不定式充当部分及物动词的宾语不定式可以作介词but和except的宾语Theteachermadenocommentsexcepttotellhimtoworkhard.考点五：Hehadnochoicebuttowait.Thereisnothingwecandobutwaitpatiently.动词不定式作宾语作动词的宾语不定式充当部分及物动词的宾语不定式可以作介词but和except的宾语Theteachermadenocommentsexcepttotellhimtoworkhard.考点四：Hehadnochoicebuttositthereasusual.Thereisnothingwecandobutwaitpatiently.作形容词的宾语句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语Iamsorrytosaythatheisgoingfrombadtoworse.Shewasnotcontenttoliveaquietlifeinasmalltown.句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语Thisproblemiseasytosolve.Theriverisdangeroustoswimin.考点五：不定式与疑问词连用不定式与疑问词who,which,when,where,how,what,等连用，可充当主语，宾语，表语等。Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.Myquestioniswhentostart.动词不定式作宾语补足语考点六：不定式的省略问题有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四看：一感：feel二听：hear,listento三让：let,have,make四看：observe,see,watch,lookatWesawthecarstop.Shemadehimgiveupsmoking.考点七：注意：转为被动语态时，原不带to的不定式要变成带to的不定式。Thecarwasseentostop.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesistercry,todayhewasmadetocrybyhislittlesister.动词不定式作宾语补足语考点六：不定式的省略问题有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四看：一感：feel二听：hear,listento三让：let,have,make四看：observe,see,watch,lookatWesawthecarstop.Shemadehimgiveupsmoking.考点七：注意：转为被动语态时，原不带to的不定式要变成带to的不定式。Thecarwasseentostop.Hewasmadetogiveupsmoking.考点八：感官动词see,hear,listento,watch,notice等感官动词，后接宾语，除了可以加再接省略to的动词不定式也可以加动词的ing形式，前者表示全过程，后者表示正在进行。“seesbdosth”表示看到某人做某事了,强调看见谁做过什么事.如：Isawhercleantheclassroom.是说我看到她打扫教室了.（强调做过这件事）“seesbdoingsth”表示看到某人正在做某事强调“看见某人正在做某事”如：Isawhercleaningtheclassroom.我看到她正在扫打教室（强调正在做某事）动词不定式作定语不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后，和被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系和修饰关系Heisalwaysthefirstpersontocomeandthelastonetoleave.OnSundays,healwayshasalotofletterstowrite.Hehasnofriendtodependon.Ihavenowishtoquarrelwithyou.Nowitistimetobeginourclass.动词不定式作状语不定式作状语可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因、条件等I'msavinguptobuyacomputer.Hegottothestationonlytofindthetrainhadgone.Afterthemeeting,theyparted,nevertoseeeachotheragain.Iwasafoolnottolistentoyouatthattime.Amanwouldbeblindnottoseethat.结果状语：too…to…;….enoughtodo…;only/justtodo…考点九：这类考题常以分词作为干扰项（注意分词不能表目的、结果和条件）。例如（上海高考题99）：-Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?____enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.Tobegetting考点十：不定式的时态和语态不定式的时态：一般式：表示的动作通常与谓语的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或在其后发生；Heappearstobeveryhappy.（同时发生）Tocatchthetrain,we'dbetterhurrytothestationbytaxi.（tocatchthetrain发生在hurrytothestation之后）进行式：同时发生IthappenedtoberainingwhenIgotthere.完成式：动作发生在谓语动作之前I'msorrytohavelostyourkey.完成进行式：所说的动作发生于谓语动作之前，且一直还在继续HewassaidtohavebeenlivinginLondonfortwentyyears.不定式的语态：主动：todo，tobedoing，tohavedone，tohavebeendoing被动：一般式tobedone完成式tohavebeendone不定式的时态及语态语态时态主动被动一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone进行式tobedoing完成进行式tohavebeendoingThesearethebookstobegivenouttothestudents.Thenovelissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.Ididn’texpectyoutobewaitingforushere.Youaresaidtohavebeenwritinganewnoveltheseyears.Haveyoufinishedit?1.Robertissaid____abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying2.Iwouldlove____tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone3.WhenIwentin,hepretended____anewspaper.A.toreadB.tobereadingC.readingD.tohaveread4.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains____whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen5.LittleTomwouldlove____tothetheatrethiseveningA.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking6.Heclaimed____inthesupermarketwhenhewasdoingshoppingyesterday.A.beingbadlytreatedB.treatingbadlyC.tobetreatedbadlyD.tohavebeenbadlytreated