形容词形容词是用来修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质状态或特征的词。形容词的用法•1.作定语,修饰名词或代词。Heisacleverboy.他是一个聪明的孩子。Wouldyougivemeabiggerone?你能给我一个大一点的吗?•2.作表语,放在系动词后面。Theboyisclever.这个孩子很聪明。Theylookfine.他们看起来挺好。•3.作宾语补足语。Whatshesaidmadehermotherverysad.她说的话令她母亲很难过。•4.作状语。Theboycamehomesafeandsound.这孩子安全健康地回家了。形容词作定语的位置形容词是用来修饰名词的,常被放在被修饰词的前面,但在下列情况下要放在被修饰词的后面。1.形容词短语作定语时,位于所修饰词后面。例如:alanguagedifficulttomaster一门难掌握的语言aleaningtowerabout180feethigh一座大约180英尺的斜塔•2.一些以a开头的形容词如:afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等作定语时,位于所修饰词后面。如:Hecaughttheenemysoldieralive.他活捉了那个敌军士兵。•3.修饰由不定代词no、any、some、every与thing、body、one等构成的复合词时,通常后置。如:Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.我有重要的事相告。•4.enough、nearby修饰名词前置或后置均可。例如:I’vegotenoughmoneytopayforataxi.我有足够的钱付出租车费。Wehavetimeenoughtogettotheairport.我们有足够的时间去机场。•5.英语中多个形容词的先后次序一般为:限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性的物主代词、名词所有格、序数词、基数词)→描绘性形容词(观点形容词)→大小、形状→新旧、长幼→颜色→来源、材料、用途→被修饰名词。大型年夜饭在北京天安门广场草坪上举行大(大小)型(形状)年(年龄)夜(谐音,指颜色)饭在中国(国家)北京天安门广场草(材料)坪上举行。形容词的比较等级和最高级•绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级、比较级和最高级,以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。规则变化1)单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加-er和-est构成。•greatgreatergreatest•warmwarmerwarmest•longlongerlongest•strongstrongerstrongest2)以-e结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-r和-st构成。•widewiderwidest•closecloserclosest•bravebraverbravest(3)以-y结尾,但-y前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把-y去掉,加上-ier和-iest构成.•happyhappierhappiest•funnyfunnierfunniest•healthyhealthierhealthiest•tidytidiertidiest(4)以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加-er和-est。•hothotterhottest•redredderreddest•fatfatterfattest•sadsaddersaddest•thinthinnerthinnest(5)部分双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more和most加在形容词前面来构成。difficult,popular,helpful,cheerful,tired…不规则变化•原级------比较级------最高级good,well------better------bestbad,ill------worse------worstlittle------less------leastfew------fewer------fewestmany,much------more------mostfar------farther/further------farthest/furthestold------older/elder------oldest/eldestlate------later/latter------latest/last形容词比较级的用法:•1)同级比较肯定形式:as+adj./adv.原级+as“和…一样…”e.g.Thisappleisasbigasthatone.否定形式:notso/as+adj./adv.原级+as“和…不一样…”Hedoesn’twriteascarefullyashissister.•2)差别比较“比…更…一些”,常用连词than引导状语从句。①A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+B.IthinkEnglishismorepopularthanJapanese.②A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B.MikestudiesharderthanHelen.•常用来修饰比较级的词:much,even,still,somuch,alittle,abit,alot,far等。•只能修饰原级不能修饰比较级的:very,quite,so,ratherThisparkismuchmorebeautifulthanthatone.Tom’sfatherisalittlefatterthanJim’s.1.Ourteacheris_______thanweare.我们老师的个子比我们的高。2.Itis________todaythanitwasyesterday.今天的天气比昨天暖和。3.Thispictureis___________thanthatone.这张照片比那张照片漂亮。4.Thesunis_____________thanthemoon.太阳比月亮大得多。5.Hishandwritingis_____(well).Hewrites______(good)inhisclass.6.Sandyis________(lazy)personinhisclass.7.Tomisa______(care)boy.Hedoeseverything_______(careful).Hedoeseverything_____________inhisfamily.tallerwarmermorebeautifulmuchmorebiggergoodbestthelaziestcarefulcarefullymostcarefully形容词和副词最高级的用法:•形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较,其结构形式为:①A+连系动词+形容词最高级+of/in/among…AutumnisthebestseasoninBeijing.②A+实义动词+副词最高级+of/in/among…Whorunsfastestinourschool?比较级和最高级的特殊句型:•①比较级+and+比较级“越来越……”Whenitisgoingtorain,itcangetdarkeranddarker.•②比较级+thananyother+单数名词“比其他任何……都……”ChangjiangRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.•③the+比较级…,the+比较级…“越……,就越……”Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.•④the+比较级+ofthetwo“两个中较……的那个”Heisthetallerofthetwo.•⑤Which/Whois+比较级,AorB?“A和B哪一个/谁更……?”Which/Whois+the+最高级,A,BorC?“哪一个/谁最……?”e.g.Whichismoreinteresting,swimmingordiving?Whichisthefastestwaytotravel,byplane,bybusorbytrain?•⑥oneofthe+最高级+复数名词“最……之一”IthinkHarryPotterisoneofthemostpopularnovels.•⑦the+序数词+最高级“第几最……”BeijingDuckisthesecondnicestdishIhaveevermet.•Sheis____________studentinherclass.她是班上最好的学生。•Shanghaiisoneof___________citiesinChina.上海是中国最大城市之一。•Thisis______________appleIhaveevertasted.这是我尝到的最甜的苹果。•Tomis___________boyinhisbasketballteam.汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最矮的孩子。thebestthebiggestthesweetesttheshortest•1.Whichis___,LiLeiorWuTong?A.strongB.strongestC.strongerD.thestrongest•2.Whichlanguageis____,English,FrenchorJapanese?A.easyB.themosteasyC.theeasiestD.muchmoreeasy•3.Whichis____interesting,science,MathorEnglish?A.moreB.themostC.veryD.too•4.Whichcityis____,Beijing,ShanghaiorFuzhou?A.beautifulB.morebeautifulC.muchmorebeautifulD.themostbeautiful•5.Whichmonthis____,June,JulyorAugust?A.hotB.hotterC.hottestD.thehottestCCBDD