中考复习专项训练定语从句

XiamenisacitythatIlikebest.定语从句大探秘直击中考Itwasreallyterriblefor_____whohadalwaysdreamedofbecomingadoctor.(江西，中考2011完形填空B篇)Gina,whoisthirteenyearsold,gotfirstprizeintheYoungCookoftheYearcompetitionandnowiswritingherownrecipebookforkids.(江西，中考2011阅读理解B篇)AyounggirlcalledIdainsweedendecidedtotraveltoaplaceshehadn'tseenfor22years.(江西，中考2011阅读理解C篇)从谚语中想到的…Godhelpsthose{whohelpthemselves}.先行词关系词定语从句关系词一“表”打尽种类具体单词关系代词that，which,who,whom,whose关系副词where,when,why各个关系代词的具体用法：1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate？3.whose指人，在定语从句中作定语。Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.4.which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.Theletter（which）Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.5.that既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。Whoisthepersonthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?I'mlookingforthebook（that）youlentmeyesterday.关系副词的具体用法1.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.2.where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.3.why指原因，在定语从句中作状语。Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.I'llneverforgettheday_________Ifirstmether.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.whenThecity______youvisitedlastweekendwasnottheone______Ionceworked.A.which,whichB.where,whichC.which,whereD.where,where牛刀小试(D)(C)制胜法宝---还原法关系副词相当于介词+which，当把先行词放回从句中，要加上一个介词时，就用关系副词,不需要加时就用which。Ican'tforgetthetime___theearthquakehappenedinWenchuan.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.whyA火眼金睛［误］IcanrememberthepersonsandsomepictureswhichIsawintheroom.［正］IcanrememberthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.［析］这里的关系代词不要用who，因为其先行词有两个一个是persons(人)，而另一个是pictures(物)，这时既不可用who，又不可用which，只能用that，因为它的先行词既可以是人又可以是物。［误］Icandoeverythingwhichisgoodforyou.［正］Icandoeverythingthatisgoodforyou.［析］在先行词是all,much,little，something，everything，anything，none，nothing,theone等指物的不定代词时，虽然它们指的是物体，但不要用which而用that［误］ThisisthefirstAmericanfilmwhichI'veeverseen.［正］ThisisthefirstAmericanfilmthatI'veeverseen.［析］在先行词是序数词，或由序数词修饰时，其关系代词不可用which,这样的用法还有在形容词最高级修饰的先行词之后，如：ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverseen.［误］WhichisthebookwhichyouborrowedfromMike?［正］WhichisthebookthatyouborrowedfromMike?［析］当主句的主语是疑问词who/which时，为了避免重复要用that。［误］IwenttovisitthehouseinthatLuXunwasborn.［正］IwenttovisitthehouseinwhichLuXunwasborn.［析］当关系词前面有介词时，只能用which不能用that.［误］Football,thatisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.［正］Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.［析］在引导非限制性定语从句时，只用which不用that。1.-Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather？-Yes，he'sourheadmaster.A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom2.Isthistheriver_____Icanswim？A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.theone3.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.it4.Whoistheman_____isreadingabookoverthere?A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.who5.Anyone______withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands.A.whichagreesB.whoagreeC.whoagreesD.whichagree巩固提升BBCAC6.Isthereanything____youwanttobuy?A.thatB.whenC.whoD.what7.Theman______coatisblackiswaitingatthegateA.who'sB.whoseC.thatD.ofwhich.8.Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.A.which；isB.whom；wasC.who；isD.who；was9.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.who10.Theworld______ismadeupofmatter.A.inthatweliveB.onwhichweliveC.whereweliveD.welive巩固提升ABCCC定语从句解题三部曲一看看先行词是指人还是指物，是否出现特殊情况。二分分析关系词在从句中作什么成分。三还原把先行词还原到从句中看是否要加介词。复习要点1.关系代词和关系副词的区别2.that和which的区别Conclusion：(提升小结)关系代词在从句中用作主语，宾语，定语等，作宾语时常可省略。关系副词在从句中用作状语，由where引导的定语从句表示地点，when引导定语从句表示时间，why引导定语从句表示原因。关系副词相当于介词+which，当把先行词放回从句中，要加上一个介词时，就用关系副词,不需要加时就用which。Conclusion：(提升小结)只能用that的情况：1.当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.2.当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that.3.当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.4.当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.只能用which的情况：1.关系代词前有介词时只能用which.2.在引导非限制性定语从句时只能用which.3.先行词本身是that时只能用which