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secretaryn.秘书['sekrətəri]secretary（秘书）=secret(秘密)+ary（人）nervousadj.精神紧张的['nə:vəs]nerven.神经[nə:v]affordv.担负得起[ə'fɔːd]StrongWeakadj.弱的[wiːk]interruptv.插话，[ɪntə'rʌpt]打断Extraadj.额外的['ekstrə]Keywordsandexpressions•秘书•感到紧张•进入他的办公室•从他的桌子抬头看•进入•负担得起做某事•薪水•用微弱的声音•插话，打断•收到secretaryfeelnervousgointohisofficelookupfromhisdeskenteraffordtodosthsalaryinaweakvoiceinterruptreceiveSpecialdifficulties•Nervous紧张不安的•Irritable易怒的•Examinationsmakemenervous.•Heissuchanirritableperson,youcanhardlyspeaktohim.restlessoruneasyeasilymadeangryHowtotellthebadnews?•I’mterriblysorry.•I’mreallysorrybut…•Ihatetotellyouthis,but…•……butunfortunatelyI’mafraid……•I’mafraidI’vegotsomebadnewsforyou:•3.★afford担负得起•1)affordsth.买得起，付得起•Ican'taffordthecoat.It'stooexpensive.•Icanonlyaffordfiveyuan.•2)affordtodosth.担负得起做某事；有经济能力做某事•Ican'taffordtobeillagain.我不能再病了。•Icanaffordtobuythebook..•=Icanaffordthebook•翻译：他买不起这台电脑。通常与can,could连用Hecan’taffordthecomputer/Hecan’taffordtobuythecomputer.•6、HedidnotlookupfromhisdeskwhenIentered.•lookup往上看;查找•lookdown往下看•Helookedup(fromhisbook)whenheheardanoise.•Thelittleboylookedupathisfatherwithwildeyes.•Studentscanlookupthenewwordsinthedictionary.•lookdownon/uponsb.瞧不起某人•Weshouldn'tlookdownuponothers.•7、Hetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.•paysalary支付薪水•collectsalary领薪水•1）such+a/an+形容词＋可数名词单数＝so+形容词＋a/an+可数名词单数；2）so+many/few+可数名词复数，但：such+其他形容词（many/few除外）＋可数名词复数；3）so+much/little+不可数名词，但：such+其他形容词（much/little除外）＋不可数名词•so,such区别:•Heissokind(aman)thateveryonelikeshim.•HewalkedsofastthatIcouldn'tcatchupwithhim.•Heissuchakindmanthateveryonelikeshim.•Theyaresuchkindpeoplethateveryonelikesthem.•I'venevereatensuchdeliciousfood.so+adj./adv.+(可数名词单数)such+a/an+(adj.)+可数名词单数such+(adj.)+不可数名词such+(adj.)+可数名词复数Practice:用so,such填空•1.Heis_____agoodstudentthatwealllikehim.•2.Heis______goodastudentthatwealllikehim.•3.Itwas______badweatherthathehadtostayathome.•4.I'vehad______manyfallsthanI'mblackandblueallover.•5.Thestoryis___amusingthateveryoneisamused.suchsuchsososo•8、ThenhesmiledandtoldmeIwouldreceiveanextrathousandpoundsayear!•一千英镑athousandpounds•两千英镑twothousandpounds•额外的一千英镑anextrathousandpounds•额外的两千英镑twoextrathousandpounds•数词+extra+名词“额外的...”•Pleasegivemetwoextraice-creams.•OnSundays,Iusuallygetsomeextrasleep.Tellthestory•secretary-MrHarmsworth-seeme•verynervous-went-office•didn’tlook-desk-Ientered•Satdown-said-business-bad•Told-couldn’tafford-salaries•Twenty-alreadyleft•Knew-turn-come•“MrHarmsworth”-said-weak•Interupt-said•Smiled-told-￡1,000Lesson15Grammar•直接引语和间接引语•DirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech1.Hesaidthatbusinesswasverybad.2.Hetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.3.Hesaid:“Don’tinterrupt.”4.HesmiledandtoldmeIwouldreceiveanextrathousandpoundsayear!直接引语和间接引语DirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech•直接引述别人的话，叫“直接引语”;•用自己的话转述别人的话叫“间接引语”;•直接引语一般前后要加引号;•间接引语不用引号。如:Johnsaid,“Ilikereadingverymuch.”Johnsaidthathelikedreadingverymuch.•把直接引语变为间接引语时，可用动词say,tell,后面可跟人名或者代词，然后以that引导出意思。在动词say后，that可省略。•在转变时，有几点需要注意：1.时态1）如果引语的引述动词是现在时,将来时或现在完成时,我们一般要用说话者原话中所用的时态.•I’vealreadysaid,“Idon’twanttogo.”•=I’vealreadysaidthatIdon’twanttogo.•2）如果引述动词是过去时,引语应该作相应的变化.•a)一般现在时改为一般过去时：•“IneverworkonSundays,”shesaid.=ShesaidthatsheneverworkedonSundays.b)现在进行时改为过去进行时：“Itisn’training,”shetoldme.=Shetoldmethatitwasn’training.c)一般将来时改为过去将来时：“I’lltellyouaveryfunnystory,”shesaid.=Shesaidthatshewouldtellmeaveryfunnystory.d)现在完成时改为过去完成时：“Ihavejustheardthenews,”hesaid.=hesaidthathehadjustheardthenews.e)一般过去时改为过去完成时：“Ibrokethewindow,”Tomsaid.=Tomsaidthathehadbrokenthewindow.2.直接引语改为间接引语时，人称代词和物主形容词应该作适当的变化。地点和时间状语也应作相应改变。•代词及状语的变化：•this----thatthese----those•now-----thenhere----there•ago-----before•tomorrow----thefollowingday/thenextday•today–thatdayyesterday—thedaybefore•lastweek—theweekbefore•twodaysago—twodaysbefore人称变化：“Iambusy,”hesaid.→Hesaid(that)hewasbusy.他说他很忙。1.Lucysays,“Katehasacat.”2.Tomsaid,“Mymotheriscooking.”3.Mikesays,“Ourteacherlikesfish.”4.Lilysaid,“Wewillgotoschoolbycar.”5.Samsays,“IwanttoseeMrGreen.”LucysaysthatKatehasacat.Tomsaidthathismotherwascooking.Mikesaysthattheirteacherlikesfish.Lilysaidthattheywouldgotoschoolbycar.SamsaysthathewantstoseeMrGreen.1、我知道你是对的。2、Mary告诉我她已经完成了家庭作业。3、我听说（hear）她明天将会去香港。4、我想Jim现在正在听音乐。5、Lisa说Ken昨天没有去学校。试一试Iknow/knewthatyouare/wereright.Marytoldmethatshehadalreadydoneherhomework.IheardthatshewouldgotoHongKongtomorrow.IthinkJimislisteningtothemusicnow.LisasaysthatKendidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.The________toldmethatMr.Harmsworth_____seeme.Ifeltvery_______whenI_____intohisoffice.Hedidnotlookup_____hisdeskwhenI______.AfterIhadsatdown,hesaidthat________wasverybad.Hetoldmethatthefirm_____notaffordtopay_____largesalaries.______peoplehadalreadyleft.Iknewthat_____turnhadcome.Isaid_____aweakvoice:“Mr.Harmsworth.”Buthetoldmenotto_________him.Thenhe_____andtoldmeIwould______anextrathousandpounds_____year!secretarywouldnervouswentfromenteredbusinesscouldsuchTwentymyininterruptsmiledreceivea