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1.全球化的商务活动国际商务:(internationalbusiness)跨国企业:(multinationalenterprise)对外直接投资:(foreigndirectinvestment)全球商务:(globalbusiness)新兴经济体:(emergingeconomies)新兴市场:(emergingmarkets)国内生产总值:(grossdomesticproduct)购买力评价法:(purchasingpowerparity)三大经济体:(triad)金字塔底层:(baseofthepyramid)反向创新:(reverseinnovation)外派经理:(expatriatemanager)跨国补贴:(internationalpremium)外商劣势:(liabilityofforeignness)全球化:(globalization)风险管理:(riskmanagement)情景规划:(scenarioplanning)半全球化:(semiglobalization)非政府组织:(nongovernmentqrganization)2.理解政治、法律和经济制度:(institutions)制度转型:(institutionaltransitions)制度基础观:(institution-basedview)制度框架:(institutionalframework)正式的制度:(formalinstitutions)规章支柱:(regulatorypillar)非正式制度:(informalinstitutions)规范支柱:(normativepillar)认知支柱:(cognitivepillar)交易成本:(transactioncosts)机会主义:(opportunism)有限理性:(boundedrationality)政治体制:(politicalsystem)民主制:(democracy)集权制:(totalitarianism)政治风险:(politicalrisk)法律体系:(legalsystem)大陆法:(civillaw)普通法:(commonlaw)神权法:(theocraticlaw)智力资产:(intellectualproperty)知识产权:(intellectualpropertyrights)国有企业:(state-ownedenterprise)道德风险:(moralhazard)专利:(patent)版权:(copyright)商标:(trademark)盗版:(priracy)经济体制:(economicsystem)市场经济体制:(marketeconomy)计划经济体制:(commandeconomy)混合经济体制:(mixedeconomy)主权财富基金:(sovereignwealthfund)3.重视文化、道德和规范民族中心主义:(ethnocentrism)社会结构:(socialstructure)社会分层:(socialstratification)社会流动性:(socialmobility)低语境文化:(low-contextculture)权利距离:(powerdistance)个人主义:(individualism)集体主义:(collectivism)文明:(civilization)族群:(cluster)男性特征:(masculinity)女性特征:(femininity)不确定性规避:(uncertaintyavoidance)长期导向:(long-termorientation)道德:(ethics)行为准则:(codeofconduct)道德相对主义:(ethicalrelativism)道德帝国主义:(ethicalimperialism)腐败:(corruption)文化智慧:(culturalintelligence)《反海外腐败法》:(ForeignCorruptPracticesAct)4.在全球利用能力资源基础观:(resource-basedview)SWOT分析:(SWOTanalysis)资源:(resources)能力:(capability)价值链:(valuechain)基准分析法:(benchmarking)商品化:(commoditization)外包:(outsourcing)离岸经营:(offshoring)近岸经营:(onshoring)圈养资源:(captivesourcing)因果模糊:(causalambiguity)辅助资产:(complementaryassets)社会复杂性:(socialcomplementary)VRIO框架:(VRIOframework)有形的资源与能力:(tangibleresourcesandcapabilities)无形的资源与能力:(intangibleresourcesandcapabilities)原始设备制造商:(originalequipmentmanufacturer)原始设计制造商:(originaldesignmanufacturer)原始品牌制造商:(originalbrandmanufacturer)5.国际贸易贸易逆差:(tradedeficit)贸易顺差:(tradesurplus)贸易平衡:(balanceoftrade)古典贸易理论:(classicaltradetheories)现代贸易理论:(moderntradetheories)重商贸易理论:(theoryofmercantilism)保护主义:(protectionism)自由贸易:(freetrade)绝对优势理论:(theoryofabsoluteadvantage)比较优势:(comparativeadvantage)绝对优势:(absoluteadvantage)机会成本:(opportunitycost)要素禀赋:(factorendowments)要素禀赋理论:(factorendowmentstheory)先动者优势:(first-moveradvantage)钻石理论:(diamondtheory)资源可流动性:(resourcemobility)关税壁垒:(tariffbarrier)进口关税:(importtariff)净损失成本:(dead-weightcosts)非关税壁垒:(nontariffbarrier)补贴:(subsidies)进口配额:(importquota)自愿出口限制:(voluntaryexportrestraint)当地含量要求:(localcontentrequirement)行政管理政策:(administrativepolicy)反倾销税:(antidumpingduty)幼稚产业观点:(infantindustryargument)贸易禁令:(tradeembargo)国家产业竞争优势理论:(theoryofnationalcompetitiveadvantageofindustries)战略性贸易理论:(strategictradetheory)产品生命周期理论:(productlifecycletheory)战略性贸易政策:(strategictradepolicy)6.对外直接投资对外证券投资:(foreignportfolioinvestment)管理控制权:(managementcontrolrights)欧力优势:(OLIadvantages)所有权:(ownership)区位:(location)内部化:(internalization)扩散风险:(disseminationrisks)积聚效应:(agglomeration)知识溢出:(knowledgespillover)市场失败:(marketfailure)激进观点:(radicalviewonFDI)市场的不完善:(marketimperfection)自由市场观点:(freemarketviewonFDI)实用民族主义:(pragmaticnationalism)技术溢出:(technologyspillover)示范效用:(demonstrationeffect)议价能力:(bargainingpower)沉没成本:(sunkcost)议价能力衰减:(obsolescingbargain)感染和模仿效应:(contagionorimitationeffect)水平对外直接投资:(horizontalFDI)垂直对外直接投资:(verticalFDI)上游垂直对外直接投资:(upstreamverticalFDI)下游垂直对外直接投资:(downstreamverticalFDI)对外直接投资流量:(FDIflow)对外直接投资存量:(FDIstock)7.外汇交易外汇汇率:(foreignexchangerate)升值:(appreciation)贬值:(depreciation)国际收支平衡:(balanceofpayments)浮动汇率制:(floatingexchangeratepolicy)自由浮动:(cleanfloat)有管理的浮动:(dirtyfloat)目标汇率:(targetexchangerates)爬行带:(crawlingbands)固定汇率制:(fixedexchangeratepolicy)盯住:(peg)顺风车效应:(bandwagoneffect)资本外逃:(capitalflight)金本位制:(goldstandard)兑换中介:(commondenominator)配额:(quota)外汇市场:(foreignexchangemarket)即期交易:(spottransaction)远期交易:(foreigntransaction)货币套期保值:(currencyhedging)远期贴水:(forwarddiscount)远期升水:(forwardpremium)货币互换:(currencyswap)最低报价:(offerrate)买入价:(bidrate)价差:(spread)外汇风险:(currencyrisk)战略性对冲:(strategicheadging)货币局制度:(currencyboard)布雷顿森林体系:(BrettonWoodsSystem)国际货币基金组织:(InternationalMonetaryFund)8.全球与区域一体化多边贸易体制:(multilateraltradingsystem)非歧视性:(non-discrimination)自由贸易区:(freetradearea)关税同盟:(customsunion)共同市场:(commonmarket)经济联盟:(economicunion)货币联盟:(monetaryunion)政治联盟:(politicalunion)区域经济一体化:(regionaleconomicintegration)全球经济一体化:(globaleconomicintegration)9.进入外国市场区位优势:(location-specificadvantages)文化距离:(culturaldistance)制度差异:(institutionaldistance)先动者优势:(first-moveradvantages)后动者优势:(late-moveradvantages)进入规模:(scaleofentry)进入模式:(modeofentry)非股权模式:(non-equitymode)股权模式:(equitymode)交钥匙工程:(turnkeyproject)研发合同:(R&Dcontract)联合营销:(co-marketing)合资企业:(jointventure)全资子公司:(whollyownedsubsidiary)绿地运营:(greenfieldoperation)10.创业型企业中小型企业:(