定语从句讲解PPT

定语从句复习课件常德外国语学校周灿定语从句定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which等。关系副词有：when,where,why等。1）who,whom,thatIshetheman__________wantstoseeyou?他就是你想见的人吗？Heistheman________Isawyesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。2）whose用来指人或物，（只用作定语,若指物，它还可以同ofwhich互换）Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.请递给我那本绿皮的书。Pleasepassmethebookofwhichthecoverisgreen.请递给我那本绿皮的书。3）which,that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等Aprosperity_________hadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。Thepackage_____youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了。）关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于\介词+which\结构Thereareoccasions________onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Beijingistheplace_________Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。Isthisthereason________herefusedouroffer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？判断关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.这是我去年呆过的山村。I'llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。判断改错：（）ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.（）IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.（）Thisisthemountainvillage（which）Ivisitedlastyear.（）I'llneverforgetthedays（which）Ispentinthecountryside.方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.A.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone限制性和非限制性定语从句Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。as,which非限定性定语从句as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which。Itrainedhardyesterday,whichpreventedmefromgoingtothepark.Asisknowntotheworld,chinaisgreatcountry介词+关系词ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.这是我两年前住过的房子。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.Thisisthehousewhich/thatIlivedintwoyearsago.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况a）在therebe句型中，只用that，不用whichb）在不定代词，如：anything,nothing,theone,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。c）先行词有theonly,thevery修饰时，只用thatd）先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.e）先行词既有人，又有物时。例如：Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只是供油问题。Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。不用that的情况a）引导非限定性定语从句时。例如：（错）Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.b）介词后不能用。例如：Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.我们依赖土地获得食物。Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.Such….as缺成分Such…that不缺成分Thesame…as像。。。一样Thesame…that同一个