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定语Theattribute（用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征）可做定语：adj.noun.pron.num.prepphrase.Infinitive,participle,gerund,adv.clause1.Bobisabadman.（adj.）2.atelephonenumber(noun.)3.Thestudentsinthereading-roomareourclassmates.(prepphrase)4.threebooks(num.)5.givemesomethingtoeat(infinitive)6.aswimmingpool(gerund)7.aswimmingchild(presentparticiple)8.aboynamedTom(pastparticiple)9.thepeoplehere(adv.)10.thebookthatIboughtyesterday(clause)定语从句theAttributiveClause名词性从句（一）定义及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。4.关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose,as等关系副词有:when,where,why5.关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句；B.代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.LiMingisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.Thefactorywhichmakescomputersisfarawayfromhere.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(二).定语从句的构成及种类:1.Theschoolwhereweliveandstudyliesinthenorthofthetown.2.I,whoamyourEnglishteacher,willtrymybesttohelpyou.限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句Attributiveclause:限制性定语从句restrictive非限制性定语从句non-restrictive是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。Iwastheonlypersonwhowasinvitedinmyoffice.Jenny,withwhomIplayedtabletennisyesterday,livesinmynextroom.Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.ThatisMr.Wang,whosedaughterteachesEnglishatamiddleschool.注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.注意区分下列几组句子的不同含义：1.Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学.（她还有其他哥哥）2.Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学（她只有一个哥哥）3.Allthebooksthathavepicturesinthemarewellwritten.所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。（不带插图的书则不一定写得好。）4.Allthebooks,whichhavepicturesinthem,arewellwritten.所有的书都带插图，这些书都写得很好。（没有不带插图的书。）(三).如何使用引导词:1.关系代词主语宾语定语指代人指代物2.关系副词_______,______,______3.介词+关系代词who(that)whom(that)whosewhichthatwhichthatwhosewhenwherewhya.在限制性定语从句中关系词的用法：1)who/that指人，在从句中作主语。Heisthemanwho/thatvisitedourschoolyesterday.Heistheman.Hevisitedourschoolyesterday.whoWetalkedabouttheperson.Wevisitedthemlastyear.Wetalkedabouttheperson(whom)wevisitedlastyear.2)whom指人，在从句中作宾语，可省略。(who和that也可做宾语.)whomwhomwevisitedlastyear.3)which/that指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。eg.I’mnotinterestedinthebookwhich/thathasjustbeenpublished.eg.Idon’twanttoreadtheletter(which/that)shehaswritten.Ishowedhimtheletter.Ireceiveditthismorning.Ishowedhimtheletter(which/that)Ireceivedthismorning.4)whose指人或物，表示所属，在从句中作定语。eg.That’sthemanwhosehousewasburneddown.eg.Isawsomeoldbuildingswhosewindowswereallbroken.1.Theman____Isawtoldmetowait.2.Themanto_____Ispokewasaforeigner.3.Hesawahouse_____windowswereallbroken.4.Thefilmwesawlastnightisveryfrightening.Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,whose,whichandthat.whowhomwhosethat/which5.Alltheapples____fallareeatenbywildboars.6.Canyouthinkofanyone____couldlookafterhim?7.Thisisthebesthotel____Iknow.thatthatthat习题集p30-321，2，5，6，13，20，23，37，40，43，5）when在从句中做时间状语Oct.1,1949isthedaywhen(=onwhich)thePRCwasfounded.I'llneverforgetthetimewhen(=duringwhich)weworkedtogether.Doyouremembertheafternoonwhen(=onwhich)wefirstmetthreeyearsago?6)where在从句中做地点状语Thisistheplacewhere(=at/inwhich)wefirstmet.Thehotelwhere(=inwhich)westayedwasn'tveryclean.Irecentlywettothetownwhere(=inwhich)Iwasborn.7)why在从句中做原因状语Thereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewaslatewasthathemissedthetrain.Canyoutellmethereasonwhy(=forwhich)youdon'thelphim?Iwon'tlistentothereasonthat/whichyouhavegivenus.(宾)习题集3，4，7，30Themanwithwhoyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.TheplaneinthatweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.××Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.先行词在从句中做介词宾语，介词有两种位置一是紧跟在先行词后,也就是这个介词加whom/which,再加从句；二是位于句尾或动词后。Prep.+whomwhich8).介词+关系代词引导的定语从句when/where/why=Prep.+whichThepeoplewithwhomwearestayingareveryfriendlytous.或：Thepeople(whom/who/that)wearestayingwithareveryfriendlytous.b.在非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法：1）在非限制性定语从句中，通常用who,whom,whose指人，用which指物,而绝对不能用that.eg.ThenhemetMary,whoinvitedhimtoaparty.eg.HereisJohnSmith,who(m)Italkedabouttheotherday.Finally,wegottoafactory,wheremanymobilephonesofhighqualitywereproduced.Lastyearsheboughtthiscar,whichcosther$10,000.Lastyearsheboughtthishouse,forwhichshepaidherlifesavings..IcongratulatedMrJones,whosesonhadwonthehighjump.2）在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作宾语不能省略。eg.Mysister,whomyouspoketoatthemeeting,wantstostudyhistory.3)which在非限制性定语从句中，还可指其前面整个主句，即以整个主句作先行词。eg.TheysaidtheywereFrench,whichwasnottrue.习题集31，35，37c.关系代词与关系副词的选择用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用（即所担当的成分）.链接高考:1.(2006北京)Women______drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeehaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose______don’t.2.(2004上海)Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace__________,justasthenamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.whowho▲▲where▲3.(2006福建)Lookout!Don’tgetclosetothehouse________roofisunderrepair.4.(2002上海)Isthisthereason___________heexplainedtothemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?whose(that/which)5.(2003北京)Wearelivinginanage________manythingsaredoneoncomputer.6.(2005北京春)Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm_______________wevisitedthreemonthsago?7.(1996NM