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Ifweneedhelp,whatshouldwesaypolitely?Whichisthemostpoliteone?1.Sweepthefloor,Peter!2.Canyousweepthefloor,Peter?3.Couldyoupleasesweepthefloor?3).CouldIstayoutlate?2).CouldIusethecar?Sorry,youcan’t.Ihavetogotoameeting.1).CouldIgetaride?No,youhaveatesttomorrow.Yes,youcan.一.Could用法聚焦：4).Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?Yes,sure.5).Couldyoupleasedothedishes?Sorry,Ican’t.Ihavetodomyhomework.6).CouldIgotothemovies?Yes,youcan.7).CouldIusethecar?No,youcan’t.Ihavetogoout.1.表示委婉地请求别人做某事：Couldyou(please)dosth?1).Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?你可以打扫你的房间吗？A肯定回答：Yes,Ican.是的，我可以。Yes,sure./Yes,ofcourse./noproblemB否定回答：Sorry,Ican’t.Ihavetodomyhomework.对不起，我不得不做作业。A:—Couldyouplease+v/notv(动词原形)…？Yes,Ican.Allright.B：“Yes”Sure.Noproblem.Certainly.No,Ican’t…Ihaveto…B：“No”Sorry,Ican’t…Ihaveto…Couldyouplease…?这里的could不是表示一般的过去式,而是用来表示委婉地提出请求。2.表示委婉地请求别人允许自己做某事:CouldIdosth.?1).CouldIgotothemovies?我能去看电影吗？肯定回答：Yes,youcan./yes,please.Yes,sure.当然可以。否定回答：No,youcan't./sorry,youcan't/I'mafraidyoucan't.不，不行Nowmakesentencesusingcouldandthefollowingphrases.（1）gotothemovies去看电影（2）stayoutlate在外面待得很晚（3）usethecar使用汽车（4）getaride去骑车（5）useyourcomputer使用你的电脑（6）borrowsomemoney借些钱（7）invitemyfriendstoaparty邀请我的朋友参加晚会（8）gotothestore去商店（9）useyourCDplayer使用你的CD播放器3.could与can的区别could与can都是情态动词，could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求，但是用法稍有不同:在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，我们常用could代替can，以表示礼貌、委婉或不确定的语气，而can则不具有这些语气。这样用时，不能把could看作为can的过去式。A.can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对辈、上级对下级的场合；1).Canyoutellusyourstory,Tony?你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗，Tony？2).—CouldyoutellusifitsnowsinwinterinAustralia?请告诉我们，澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？—Sure.当然可以。3).—Excuseme,couldyouhelpmecarrytheheavybox?—_______.A.Yes,IcouldB.WithpleasureC.Itdoesn’tmatterD.Don’tmentionit选B.Couldyou...?表示客气地征求意见或请求许可的询问方式，不能用could回答。withpleasure表示同意，意为“乐意效劳；愿意帮助”。C、D是对感谢的回答，不符合语境。B.could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。couldcan的过去时表示能力：能够礼貌的请求：可以…吗提出建议：可以做…推测:可能1).IcouldrunfastwhenIwasachild.2).Couldyouhelpme?3).Youcouldtalktoyourteachernow.4).Hecouldn’tbeattheschoolthen.用法小结4aWriteRforrequestsandPforpermissions.Thenmatcheachonewiththecorrectresponse.1.___CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie?2.___Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?3.___CouldIborrowthatbook?a.Yes,hereyouare.b.Hmm.Howmuchdoyouneed?c.Yes,sure.Noproblem.Ifinishedreadingitlastnight.PRP4.___Couldyouhelpmedothedishes?5.___Couldyoulendmesomemoney?d.Yes,butdon’tcomebacktoolate.e.No,Ican’t.IcutmyfingerandI’mtryingnottogetitwet.RR1.borrowv.借；借用(从别人那儿借来)1).MayIborrowyourbike?我可以借用你的自行车吗？PhraseFocus2).Couldyou_______yourdictionarytome?A.borrowB.lendC.keepD.use选B。句意为：你能借给我你的字典吗？对主语“你”来说是借出，lend“借出”，lendsth.tosb.“把某物借给某人”,其反义词是“borrow”。2.borrow/lend区别：borrow和lend都可译为“借”，但用法不同。（1）borrow主语“借，借入；借用”。指“借入”或“借用他人的东西供自己使用”。常用结构为：borrowsth.fromsb.或borrowone’ssth.意为“向某人借某物”。（2）lend主语“借出；借给”。表示把自己的东西“借出”给别人使用。常用结构为：lendsb.sth.或lendsth.tosb.意为“借给某人某物”。（3）keep（保留）。borrow和lend均为非延续性动词，若表达借某物多长时间时，不能用borrow或lend,而要用keep,意为“保存；保留”。我会用1.用lend、borrow、keep的正确形式填空。1).He_________abookfromme,andneverreturnedit.2).CanI_________yourbicycle?3).Joe________thiscartousonweekend.borrowedborrowlent4).I__________twobooksfromthelibrary.5).Englishhas__________manywordsfromFrench.6).CanI__________yourcaronSaturday?7).Canyou_________me$10?8).CouldI__________yourcarforaweek.9).___________yourcartome.borrowlendkeepLendborrowedborrowed2.单项选择：1.I______somebooksfrommyfriendandI______themtomycousinthismorning.A.lent;keptB.kept;lentC.lent;borrowedD.borrowed;lent2.---CanI_______yourrubber?---Sorry.Lily______italready.A.lend,haslentB.borrow,haslentC.lend,hasborrowedD.borrow,hasborrowed3.A：Howlongcanshe_____thebook?B：Twoweeks.A.borrowB.lendC.keepD.returnDDC3.CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie?hangoutwithsb.意思是和…闲逛1)Mybrotherhisclassmatesyesterday.4.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.意思是递某东西给某人.1).Tomanapplemejustnow.hangedoutwithpassedto4.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.意思是递某东西给某人.1).Tomanapplemejustnow.passed4bFillintheblanksintheconversation.A:Ihateto_________chores.B:Well,Ihatesomechorestoo,butIlikeotherchores.A:Really?Great!______Iaskyouto______mewithsomechoresthen?B:Whatdoyouneedhelpwith?A:_______youplease_______myclothesforme?B:Idon’twanttodothat!It’sboring!doCouldhelpCouldfoldA:OK.Then________you_______dothedishesforme?B:Sure,noproblem.But_______wegotothemoviesafterthat?A:Sure.I’llfinishmyhomeworkwhileyouhelpmewiththedishes.Thenwecangotothemovies.couldpleasecould5.Ihatetodochores.hatev.厌恶；讨厌1).Ihaterainydays,andIhateonrainydays.我讨厌雨天,更讨厌雨天外出。2).Ihatetoplaysoccer.A.notliketoplayB.notlikeplayingC.dislikeplayD.dislikeplaying选D。hate的同义词为dislike“不喜欢”,dislike跟动词-ing形式或不定式。going/togoout1).+n./pron.不喜欢/憎恨某人/某物2).+todosth.不喜欢做某事（表示具体的动作或行为）3).+doingsth.不喜欢做某事（表示经常性的动作或行为）4).todosth.doingsth.+sb.不喜欢/憎恨某人做某事hate6.I’llfinishmyhomeworkwhileyouhelpmewiththedishes.A.While+时间状语从句：谓语动词必须用延续性动词.从句通常用进行时态时，主句的动作与从句的动作同时进行，也要用进行时态。它还有“而，然而”的意思。B.When从句可以是延续性的动词也可以是非延续性动词，从句多用一般现在时或一般过去式。1).Iamsleeping,mymotherisdoinghousework.2).Alicewasdoinghomeworkhisdadcamein.whilewhenB:Idon’tlikedoingthedishesbecauseit’sboring.ThechoresLikeo