2014中考英语定语从句复习课件

聚焦中考——英语（普版）第35讲定语从句【名题实战】1．Ican'tfindthebook__C__mymotherboughtme.(2013，鞍山)A．whoB．whenC．whichD．what2．—Look！Thatisthewoman__B__Imetyesterday.—Oh？She'smyaunt.(2013，湛江)A．whatB．whoC．whereD．when3．Thisistheschool__A__wevisitedlastyear.(2013，黄石)A．thatB．whereC．whoD．whose【考点梳理】中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在定语从句的功能，结构和关系词的用法上，重点考查由that，which，who引导的定语从句。高频考向一定语从句的关系词定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose或关系副词when，where，why等引出。①who，whom，that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou？他是想见你的那个人吗？Heistheman(who/whom/that)Isawyesterday.他是昨天我看到的那个人。②which，that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：Marylikesmusicthat/whichisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。Thecoat(that/which)Iputonthedeskisblue.我放桌子上的外套是蓝色的。③whose用来指人或物。(只用作定语)如：Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.请把封面是绿色的那本书递给我。④关系副词有when，where，why，它们在句中作状语。如：I'llneverforgetthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.我永远忘不了我们一起学习的那些日子。Thisisthecitywheremyfatherworkedtenyearsago.这是我爸十年前工作的城市。Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？【例1】—DoyouknowMoYan?—Ofcourse.Heisthefamouswriter________wontheNobelPrizein2012.(2013，福州)A．whoB．whomC．which解析：考查定语从句关系词。先行词是writer，指人，且在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who。答案：__A__【例2】Pleasepassmethecartoonbook________hasaMickeyMouseonthecover.(2012，天津)A．whomB．whoseC．whoD．which解析：先行词是book，指物，因此关系词用which.答案：__D__【例3】Thisistheprimaryschool________Istudiedthreeyearsago.(2012，宜宾)A．whereB．whenC．thatD．which解析：先行词school在定语从句中作studied的地点状语。答案：__A__高频考向二关系词只能用that而不用which的情况①当先行词前被形容词最高级修饰时。如：ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.这是我所看过的足球赛中最激烈的一场。②当先行词前有一个序数词修饰时。如：Thefirstthingthatyoucoulddowastoturnoffthelight.你首先要做的就是关灯。③当先行词为all，everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much，none等不定代词时(something后也可用which)。如：AllthatwehavetodoforourstudentsistotellthemhowtospeakEnglishinclass.我们为学生所要做的事情就是告诉他们如何在课上说英语。I'mgoingtobuyeverythingthatIneed.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。④当先行词前面有only，all，any，no等词修饰时。如：That'sallthatIwanttosay.这就是我所有想说的。⑤当并列的先行词分别表示人和物时。如：Theyaretalkingaboutthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.他们正在谈论他们所能回忆起来的人或事。【例4】ThePalaceMuseumisthebestplace________I'veevervisited.(2013，十堰)A．thatB．whichC．whereD．what解析：在先行词place前有形容词最高级best修饰，关系词只能用that。答案：__A__【例5】Lookattheboyandhisdog________arecomingthisway.A．whoB．whichC．thatD．whom解析：先行词是由人与物组成时，关系代词用that。答案：__C__高频考向三关系词只能用who(whom)而不用that的情况①当先行词为all，any或其合成词或afew且指人时。如：Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。②当先行词为that，this，those或these且指人时。如：Thosewhohadn'tboughttheticketsforthetraincrowdedinthewaitinghall.那些还没买着票的人拥挤在候车厅里。③当先行词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时，在口语中用who或whom引导均可，但如直接位于介词后作宾语时，只能用whom。如：Theguest(who/whom)I'llfirstintroducetoyouisalittlegirl.我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位小姑娘。Imetafewfriendsofmine，amongwhomwasmyoldclassmate.我遇见几位朋友，其中一位是我的老同学。【例6】Successwillbelongtothose________neversay“impossible”．(2012，河南)A．whomB．whatC．whoD．which解析：先行词those，故关系代词用who。答案：__C__