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PresentsimpleandcontinuousPresentsimple•Form:He/she/itworks.Iwork.TheyworkHedoesn’twork.Theydon’twork.Doeshework?Dotheywork?Use:weusethepresentsimpletenseto:-giveinformationaboutpermanentactivities(Valentinomakesluxurychocolates.)describeastatethatdoesn’tchange:(Helookslikehisfather.)-talkaboutroutineactivities,repeatedactionsorhabits:(Ioftentravelabroadonbusiness.)-someverbsarealwaysusedinthepresentsimple(notwith–ing):Whatdoyoumean?Irememberhername.Presentcontinuous•Form:Iamgoing.He/she/itisgoing.Theyaregoing.Iamnotgoing.AmIgoing?Use:Weusethepresentcontinuousto:-describeactivitiesinprogressatthemomentofspeaking(Sheistalkingtohimonthephonerightnow.)-describetemporarysituations:(ThedelegationisstayingattheHiltonuntilFriday.)-refertofuturearrangements:(Heisstartinganewjobnextweek.)-describechangingsituation:(Wearedevelopinganewmarketingstrategy.)Completethesesentenceswitheitherthepresentsimpleorthepresentcontinuous•Wenormally_______(hold)oussalesconferenceinSpain,butthisyearwe_______(hold)itinPoland.•Althoughwe________(use)ourownsalesrepresentativeatthemoment,wegenerally_________(use)agentsinJapan.•Itnormally_______(take)ustwoyearstodevelopanewproduct.•Wedon’toften______(raise)ourpricesmorethan5%,butthistimewe__________(raise)them10%.•UsuallyourSalesDirector_________(deal)withimportantcustomers.•Weusually________(recruit)fromwithinthecompany,butthistimewe_________(advertise)externally.•We_______(rent)officesuntilournewheadquartersareready.•Thecompany________(want)toachieverecordsalesthisyear.PresentperfectsimpleandcontinuousPresentperfect-simple•Form:I/you/we/theyhaveworked•he/she/ithasworked•I/you/he/she/it/we/theyhaven’tworked•HaveI/you/we/theyworked?Hashe/she/itworked?Uses•TalkaboutactionsthatcontinuefromthepasttothepresentWehavebeeninthisbusinessforover50years.(wearestillinbusiness)TalkaboutpasteventsthathaveanimpactinthepresentRecentlyprofitshavefallensharplybecauseofstrongcompetition.•Talkaboutlifeexperiences–He’sworkedinanumberofdifferentfirms.–She’sneverhadtoleadateambefore.(inherlifeuptonow)Presentperfectcontinuous•Form:have/has+been+-ing–She’sbeenstudyingforthreeyears.–Theyhaven’tbeenworkingherelong.–Howlonghavetheybeenlivinghere?Use•Anactivitythatbeganinthepastandiscontinuingnow.–I’vebeenstudyingEnglishforthreeyears?–Sometimesthereisnodifferencebetweenthesimpleandthecontinuous.Thecontinuouscanexpressatemporaryactivity,whilethesimpleexpressesapermanentstate.•Apastactivitythathascausedapresentresult–I’vebeenworkingallday.(I’mtirednow)Presentperfectsimpleorcontinuous?•Thesimpleexpressesacomplitedaction(I’vepaintedthekitchen,andnowI’mdoingthebathroom.)•Thecontinuousexpressesanactivityoveraperiodoftime(I’vegotpaintinmyhairbecauseI’vebeendecorating)•Someverbshavetheideaofalongtime,forexample,wait,work,play,try,learn,rain.Theseverbsareoftenfoundinthecontinuous.–I’vecutmyfinger.(oneshortaction)–I’vebeencuttingfirewood.(perhapsoverseveralhours)•Someverbsdon’thavetheideaofalongtime,forexample,find,start,buy,die,lose,break,stop.Thoseverbsaremoreusuallyfoundinthesimple.–I’vegotlostmypassport.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectverbform,PresentPerfectSimpleorContinuous:•I______(wait)foryouforages!Wherehaveyoubeen?•I______(break)aglass.I’mawfullysorry.•Wow!Ou_____(make)dinner!Let’seatnow.•She______(sleep)downstairsbecauseshehasbrokenherleg.•We______(look)forahotelfortwohours!•I’mexhausted!I______(work)allday,andI_____(notfinish)yet.Companyvocabulary•Subsidiary•Profit•Turnover•Headoffice•Workforce•Themoneyacompanymakesaftertakingawayitscosts•Acompanywhichismorethan50%ownedbyaparentcompany•Theamountofmoneyacompanyreceivesfromsales•Theemployees•Themainbuildingofalargeorganisationvocabulary•Marketshare•Shareprice•Thecostofacompany’sshares•Thepercentagesofsalesacompanyhasinaparticularmarketquiz•ifyoudon’tlikeit,youcan_____itandwe’llgiveyouyourmoneyback•oneoftheproblemsofonlinesales:_____whenthecustomerisnotathome•abuildingforstoringgoods______•anotherwordforbuy,orsththat’sbought•areductionoftenexpressedaspercentageoftheoriginalprice_______•wemust_____ourcustomersthebestproductsandservices•abuyerbuysandaseller______•ifyoudon’tlikeit,youcan_____itforsthelseofthesamevalue•sthyouthinkischeapinrelationtoitsrealvalue_____•whenyousendthegoods,youshipor______them•moneygivenbacktoacustomerwhohasreturnedgoods_____•wedon’thaveanyatthemoment;we’reoutof_____GeneralApproachtogreatideas•Anideaisaform(suchasathought)formedbyconsciousness(includingmind)throughtheprocessofideation.•Inapopularsense,anideaarisesinareflex,spontaneousmanner,evenwithoutthinkingorseriousreflection,forexample,whenwetalkabouttheideaofapersonoraplaceNoonewayisgoingtoworkbestforallideas,buthere'sageneralschemetoframeyourefforts:•Lookatyouridea.Observeitfromdifferentperspectivesandangles.•Takeyourideaapart.Usedifferentapproaches.Trylookingateachpartasaseparateidea.•Addto/removefromyouridea.Yourideashouldbecomplete,butnotoverdone•Modify/Substituteparts.Findoutwhichworksbest.•Putthepartstogether.Usedifferentdesignsandorderings.•Combineideastogether.Indifferentways.•