英语语法-非谓语动词讲解(精品)

非谓语动词的时态和语态WelcomeYoutoJialaiHighSchool.Benjamin不定式的时态与语态:1.不定式的时态与语态的基本形式（以do为例）主动语态被动语态一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing无完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行式Tohavebeendoing无•不定式一般式的用法:•⑴表示将来,即表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作:•Wedecidedtoleaveearly.•Heaskedmetobuyhimsomepaper.•⑵表示与谓语动作同时发生或略先于谓语动作的动作:Whoheardhimsaythat?I’msorrytohearthat.不定式进行式的用法:⑴表示与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行的动作:Heseemstobesayingsomething.Heisthoughttobehidinginthewoods.⑵正如可用进行式表将来一样,不定式进行式有时也可表将来:Theoldmanseemstobedying.Hewashappytobecominghome.不定式的完成式.表示在谓语动作之前发出的动作。Thenovelwassaidtohavebeenpublished.Iregrettohavebeenwithyouforsomanyyears.⑵表示过去未曾实现的愿望:Ishouldliketohavecomeearlier.Weweretohavebeenmarriedlastyear.Wouldlovetohavedone不定式完成进行式的用法:表示在谓语动作之前一直在进行的动作:Youseemtohavebeenwritingverylong.Thebattlewassaidtohavebeengoingonfortwodays.主动语态被动语态一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing无完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行式Tohavebeendoing无分词的时态与语态:主动形式被动形式现在分词一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone过去分词一般式done无•1.doing(一般式)表示的动作可以与谓语动作同时,也可以在谓语动作之前或之后,有时没有明确的先后关系:•⑴与谓语动作同时发生:•Hekeptsmiling.•EveryoneispracticingspeakingEnglish.⑵发生在谓语动作之后:Headvisedleavingearly.Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?⑶发生在谓语动作之前:Iremembermailingtheletter.⑷没有明确的先后关系:Teachingislearning.Learningaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.2.havingdone:动名词完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作或状态:Heforgothavingpromisedtowriteher.Ihavenoideaofhishavingdonesuchathing.Theproblem____nextisofgreatimportance.Theproblem____nowisofgreatimportance.Theproblem____justnowisoftreatimportance.A.discussedB.beingdiscussedC.tobediscussed根据非谓自带的时间状语确定主动或被动的具体形式A______B__C___根据上下文的谓语动词与非谓动词发生的先后关系确定---LiMingissaid____abroad.Doyouknowwhatcountry---Yes,InLondon.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudyinghestudiedin?hewillstudyin?hestudiesin?ABC