英语语法中的37大难点之前18大难点讲解难点1抽象名词一般看作不可数名词,但有时也可与冠词连用,表示具体化。●难点磁场1.(★★★★★)Jumpingoutofairplaneattenthousandfeetisquite________excitingexperience.(NMET2002)A.不填;theB.不填;anC.an;anD.the;the2.(★★★★★)Manypeopleagreethat________knowledgeofEnglishis________mustininternationaltradetoday.A.a;aB.the;anC.the;theD.不填;the3.(★★★★★)Onewaytounderstandthousandsofnewwordsistogain________goodknowledgeofbasicwordinformation.(上海2002)A./B.theC.aD.one4.(★★★★)—Ihearthatasmanyas150peoplewerekilledintheearthquake.—Yes,________newscameas________shocktous.A.the;theB.the;aC.不填;不填D.不填;a5.(★★★★)Hehas______greatinterestinhistory,especiallyin______historyofTangDynasty.A.a;theB.a;/C./;theD./;a●案例探究1.FormanyBeijingers,dreamsoflivingin___greenareaarebecoming____reality.A.a;aB.the;theC.不填;不填D.the;不填命题意图:表面看本题考查学生对冠词的用法,其实也考查了学生对抽象名词具体化的掌握,属于五星级题目。知识依托:抽象名词并非都作不可数名词。错解分析:D选项迷惑性较大,许多同学会认为reality为抽象名词,不能用a。解题方法与技巧:抽象名词或物质名词前或后加上表示性质类别的修饰词,指概念的“一种”“一类”“一次”等时,可用不定冠词,例如:Physicsisascience.答案:A2.Thepolicehave________powertoarrestbadpeopleby________law.A.the;theB.a;aC.the;不填D.不填;the命题意图:考查学生对抽象名词具体化的理解,属于四星级题目。知识依托:定冠词与抽象名词连用,特指双方都了解的人或事。错解分析:许多学生会认为D正确,认为power是抽象名词,故不能用冠词。解题方法与技巧:toarrestbadpeople是power的定语,故此处用the表示特指。答案:C●锦囊妙计1.不定冠词与抽象名词连用表示:①一种、一场或某个动作的一次、一番。例如:Itwasawar,havealook,haveatry。②某一品质的具体行动。例如:Thankyou,Tim.Youhavedonemeakindness.③引起某种情绪的事。例如:It’sapleasuretoworkwithyou.It’sapitythatyoucan’tswim.2.定冠词与抽象名词连用,特指某一时、某一次的行动或情绪,或说话的双方都了解的人或事。3.注意:有些词组中,有没有冠词含义是不同的。试比较:●歼灭难点训练1.(★★★★)Heis________(help)tome.2.(★★★★)Nowadaysmanyyoungpeoplegetinto________habitofsmokingin________publicandcan’tkickit.A.the;theB./;/C./;theD.the;/3.(★★★★★)—Thenewsisspreadingfrommouthtomouth.—Yes,it’sbecome________talkof________town.A.a;aB.the;/C.the;theD.a;/4.(★★★★★)Infaceof________failure,itisthemostimportanttokeepup________goodstateofmind.A./;aB.a;/C.the;/D./;the5.(★★★★★)Havingreceived________trainingoftheMs.Company,hewasoffered________importantpositioninmanagement.A.the;anB.不填;anC.the;不填D.a;a6.(★★★★★)In________SaharaDesert,________rainwasscarce,butinmyhometownthereis________heavyrainnowandthen,andtheriveraroundthetownrisesalotafter________.A.the;the;a;aheavyrainB.the;/;a;heavyrainsC./;/;/;aheavyrainD.the;the;a;heavyrains7.(★★★★)Thebuildingwascompletedin________Septemberof1956notin________October,1955.A./;theB.the;theC./;/D.the;/难点2冠词的非前位用法限定语与所修饰的中心名词的关系一般顺序是:冠词+表示大小尺寸的限定词+表示颜色的限定词+表示原材料的限定词+中心名词。但在某些固定结构中,冠词放在了形容词之后。●难点磁场1.(★★★★)—Whatabout________book?—It’stoodifficult________book.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD.the;a2.(★★★★★)________Beijingyouseetodayisquite________differentcityfromwhatitusedtobe.A.The;不填B.The;aC.不填;theD.A;a●案例探究1.Peterwon’tdriveustothestation.Hehas________totakeusall.A.averysmallcarB.toosmallacarC.atoosmallcarD.suchasmallcar命题意图:考查学生对冠词不放在第一位的固定结构的掌握,属于四星级题目。知识依托:不定冠词放在too+形容词之后。错解分析:C迷惑性较大,学生都学过too+adj./adv.+to…结构,但对于too+adj.+n.+to…结构不熟悉。解题方法与技巧:名词前修饰语一般正常语序为:不定冠词+形容词+名词。但有些固定结构需注意,如too+adj.+a/an+n.。答案:B2.Exerciseis________asanyothertoloseunwantedweight.A.sousefulawayB.asausefulwayC.asusefulawayD.suchausefulway命题意图:考查学生对冠词不放在第一位的固定结构的掌握,属五星级题目。知识依托:不定冠词放在as+形容词之后。错解分析:A、B迷惑性较大,so…as结构常用于否定句和疑问句,故不能选A、B。解题方法与技巧:名词前修饰语正常语序为:不定冠词+形容词+名词,但有些固定结构需注意,如:as+adj.+a/an+n.答案:C●锦囊妙计1.不定冠词用在quite,rather,many,half,what,much等词之后。例如:Heisratherafool.—Whatdidyouthinkoftheconcert?—Oh,itwasquiteasuccess.2.不定冠词用在so(as,too,how)+形容词之后。例如:Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.It’stoodifficultabookforustoread.注意:以元音音素开头的名词前加不定冠词时用“an”。例如:anapple。即使单词拼写以辅音字母开头,但该词的读音是元音音素开头,加不定冠词时也要用“an”,例如:anhour,anhonestboy;反之,拼写以元音字母开头,但读音是辅音,加不定冠词时要用“a”,例如:auniversity。3.so…that与such…that:①so…that和such…that都作“如此……以致”解,that引导结果状语从句。常见句型如下:sothat)()()(a/ansuchthat,不可数名词形容词复数可数名词形容词单数可数名词形容词副词形容词②such…that和so…that有时可以换用,条件是such所修饰的名词必须是一个单数可数名词,且该名词还带有表性质的形容词。转变公式如下:sucha/an+形容词+名词→so+形容词+a/an+名词。例如:Heissuchagoodstudentthatwealllikehim.→Heissogoodastudentthatwealllikehim。但是,如果是不可数名词或复数可数名词,则只能用such,不能用so修饰。例如:Itwassuchbadweatherthathehadtostayathome。③如果复数名词前有many,few,不可数名词前有much,little等表示量的形容词时,应该用so而不用such。如:I’vehadsomanyfallsthatI’mblackandblueallover.MrWhitegotsolittlemoneyamonththathecouldhardlykeepbodyandsoultogether(维持生活)。但little不表示数量而表示“小”的意思时,仍用such。例如:Theyaresuchlittlechildrenthattheycannotcleanthehousebythemselves.●歼灭难点训练1.(★★★★)Annis________girl.A.quiteabrightB.aquitebright2.(★★★★).It’s________day.A.arathercoldB.ratheracoldC.acoldrather3.(★★★★★)________ishere.A.ManyaboyB.Manyboys4.(★★★★)多么聪明的一个男孩。5.(★★★★)Englishis________totheworldasotherlanguages.A.sousefulabridgeB.asausefulbridgeC.asusefulabridgeD.suchausefulbridge难点3不定代词的固定表达不定代词具有名词和形容词的性质,并有可数与不可数、单数与复数的区别,用时需慎重。●难点磁场1.(★★★★)—Is________here?—No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.A.anybodyB.somebodyC.everybodyD.nobody2.(★★★★)Theywereverytired,but________ofthemwouldstoptotakearest.A.anyB.someC.noneD.neither3.(★★★★)Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave________.A.itB.thoseC.themD.one4.(★★★★★)—Whenshallwemeetagain?—Makeit________dayyoulike;it’sallthesametome.A.oneB.anyC.anotherD.some5.(★★★★★)Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon’ta