英国文学史简介课件

HistoryofEnglishLiterature英国文学史是四年制英语专业的一门必修考试课，通过本课程的教学，应达到以下目的和要求：（1）使学生掌握英国文学史的基础知识，包括英国文学史的基本发展脉络、重要思潮、历史背景、流派、特点、主要代表作家、代表作及其特点，了解英国文学的特点，进而对英国文学的主要体裁和主要文学术语有所了解。（2）通过本课程的教学，为英国文学作品的学习打下基础，提高学生的人文素养，扩大知识面，增强学生的科研能力。（3）提高学生的思维能力，使学生加深对英国文化的了解和分析能力，了解英国文化的本质，增强学生对英国文化的批评能力。课程简介•教学方法（1）英国文学史主要是一门知识性课程，以课堂讲授为主，辅以讨论。（2）教学中要充分利用现代化教学手段，提高课堂教学的容量，增加视频信息和图片。教材《英国文学史及选读》第一、二册，吴伟仁编，外语教学与研究出版社•考核方式本课程为考试课程。学期成绩以学生平时表现（包括出勤情况、学生课堂表现情况）与期末考试两部分为依据，分别占总成绩的20％和80％。WhatisLiterature?Literaturereferstothepracticeandprofessionofwriting.Itcomesfromhumaninterestintellingastory,inarrangingwordsinartisticforms,indescribinginwordssomeaspectsofhumanexperiences.Literatureshowsusnotonlywhatasocietyislikeinacertainage,butalsowhatindividualsfeelaboutit,whattheyhopefromit,andhowtheycanchangeitorescapefromit.•文学就是人学。——钱谷融•Literatureisthestudyof(social)humanbeings.•文学作品主要就是描写人在社会中的沧桑沉浮。•Aliteraryworkissomethingmainlytoportrayhowhumansstruggletosucceedandfailinthesociety.FourGenresofLiterature–FictionMyths,parables,romances,novels,shortstories–PoetryReliesonimagery,figurativelanguage,sound–DramaMadeupofdialogueandsetdirectionDesignedtobeperformed–ProseNewsreports,featurearticles,essays,editorials,textbooks,historicalandbiographicalworksAnOutlineofEnglishLiteratureIAnglo-SaxonPeriod(499-1066)IIAnglo-NormanPeriod(1066-1350)IIIGeoffreyChaucer(1340-1400)ⅣTheRenaissancePeriod(1485-early17thcentury)ⅤThe17thCenturyⅥThe18thCentury.ⅦTheRomanticAge(1789-1837)ⅧEnglishLiteratureofVictorianAge(1837-1901)Ⅸ20thCenturyLiteratureI.Anglo-SaxonPeriod(449-1066)Thisperiodextendedfromabout449-1066,theyearoftheNorman-FrenchconquestofEngland.TheGermanictribesfromEuropewhooverrunEnglandinthe5thcentury,aftertheRomanwithdraw,broughtwiththeOldEnglish,orAnglo-Saxonlanguage,whichisthebasisofmodernEnglish.Theybroughtalsoaspecificpoetictradition,theformalcharacterofwhichremainedsurprisinglyconstantuntiltheterminationoftheirrulebytheNorman-Frenchinvaders6centurieslater.AchievementsPoetryMuchofoldEnglishpoetrywasprobablyintendedtobechanted,withharp(akindofinstrumentinChinesemeans竖琴)accompaniment,byAnglo-Saxonscop(poetinChinesemeans吟游诗人),oftenboldandstrong,butalsomournfulandelegiac(sad)inspirit.Majorachievement:BeowulfII.TheAnglo-NormanPeriod(1066-1350)Thisperiodbeganfrom1066,theyearoftheNorman-FrenchconquestofEngland.TheliteraturetheybroughttoEnglandisremarkableforitsbright,romantictalesofloveandadventure,incontrastwiththestrengthandsombernessofAnglo-Saxonpoetry.AchievementLegendArthurianLegendⅢGeoffreyChaucer(1340-1400)GeoffreyChaucer:the“fatherofEnglishpoetry”andoneofthegreatestnarrativepoetsofEnglandChaucer’screativeworkvividlyreflectedthechangeswhichhadtakenrootinEnglishcultureofthesecondhalfofthe14thcentury.HispoetrytracesoutapathtotheliteratureofEnglishRenaissance.MajorWork:TheCanterburyTalesⅣ.TheRenaissancePeriod(1485-early17thcentury)LiteraryTrends:RenaissanceandHumanismTheRenaissancemarksatransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworld.Thisperiodischaracterizedbytheinfluenceoftheclassics(inliterature,language,andphilosophy),aswellasanoptimisticforward-thinkingapproachtothepotentialofhumans(knownasRenaissancehumanism).WritersandWorks:ThomasMore:Utopia《乌托邦》EdmundSpenser:FaerieQueene《仙后》FrancisBacon:Essays《论说文集》WilliamShakespeareWorks:154sonnets,37plays,2longpoemsComedy:AMidsummerNight’sDream,TwelfthNight,AsYouLikeIt,MerchantofVeniceTragedies:Hamlet,Othello,KingLear,Macbeth,RomeoandJulietHistoryPlays:HenryIVTheearlierseventeenthcentury,andespeciallytheperiodoftheEnglishRevolution(1640–60),wasatimeofintensefermentinallareasoflife—religion,science,politics,domesticrelations,culture.ⅤThe17thCenturyJohnMilton:ParadiseLost《失乐园》JohnBuyan:ThePilgrim’sProgress《天路历程》JohnDonne:SongsandSonnets《歌与十四行诗》Writersandworks:•LiteraryTraitsEnlightenmentandNeoclassism,theearlyageofRomanticism•TheEnlightenmentmovementwasaprogressiveintellectualmovementwhichflourishedinFranceandsweptthewholewesternEuropeatthetime.•Theenlightenmenterscelebratedreasonorrationality,equalityandscience.Theycalledforareferencetoorder,reasonandrule.ⅥThe18thCentury•Inthefieldofliterature,enlightenmentersbelievedthattheartisticshouldbeorder,logic,restrainedemotionandaccuracy.seekproportion,unity,harmonyandgraceinliteraryexpression,inanefforttodelight,instructandcorrecthumanbeings.•Neoclassicism.Arevivalinliteratureinthelate17thand18thcenturies,characterizedbyaregardfortheclassicalidealsofreason,form,andrestraint.•Poetry:•AlexanderPope:TheRapeoftheRock《劫发记》•Prose:•JonathanSwift:Guilliver’sTravels《格列佛游记》•TheRiseoftheRealisticNovel：•DanielDefoe:RobinsonCrusoe《鲁宾逊漂流记》ⅦTheRomanticAge(1789-1837)Theliteraryviews:Romanticismconstitutesachangeofdirectionfromattentiontotheouterworldofsocialcivilizationtotheinnerworldofthehumanspirit.Ittendstoseetheindividualastheverycenterofalllifeandallexperience.Italsoplacestheindividualatthecenterofart.A:Poetry:WilliamWordsworth&SamuelTaylorColeridge:LyricalBallads《抒情歌谣集》Byron:DanJuan《唐璜》Shelley:OdetotheWestWind《西风颂》JohnKeats:OdetoaNightingale《夜莺颂》B.Drama:Byron: