the的用法

定冠词the的用法：定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西.(1)特指双方都明白的人或物Takethemedicine.把药吃了.(2)上文提到过的人或事Heboughtahouse.他买了幢房子.I'vebeentothehouse.我去过那幢房子.(3)指世界上独一无二的事物thesun,thesky,themoon,theearth(4)单数名词连用表示一类事物thedollar美元thefox狐狸或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人therich富人theliving生者(5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词等前面Wheredoyoulive?你住在哪?Iliveonthesecondfloor.我住在二楼.That'stheverythingI'vebeenlookingfor.那正是我要找的东西.(6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体Theyaretheteachersofthisschool.(指全体教师)Theyareteachersofthisschool.(指部分教师)(7)表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前Shecaughtmebythearm.她抓住了我的手臂.(8)用在某些有普通名词构成的国家名称,机关团体,阶级等专有名词前thePeople'sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国theUnitedStates美国(9)用在表示乐器的名词前Sheplaysthepiano.她会弹钢琴.(10)用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人theGreens格林一家人(或格林夫妇)(11)用在惯用语中intheday,inthemorning...thedaybeforeyesterday,thenextmorning...inthesky...inthedark...intheend...onthewhole,bytheway...a与an的用法区别a用于辅音前；an用于元音前.一般说来,元音字母发元音,辅音字母发辅音,但需请注意以下3点：1.拼写以辅音字母开头读音却以元音开头的单词hour,honest,honor等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母h开头,但其读音却以元音开头,因此,前面要用等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母an.可熟记下面这句话：Anhourago,anhonestmanacceptedanhonorabletask.(一小时前,一位诚实的人接受了一项光荣的任务.)2.拼写以元音字母开头读音却以辅音开头的单词useful,university,usual,European,united,one-eyed,one-way等单词的拼写虽然以元音字母开头,但其读音却以元音开头,因此,前面要用a等单词的拼写虽然以元音字母开头,但其读音却以元.可熟记下面这句话：Inauniversity,aEuropeanandaone-eyedmanwalkalongaone-wayroadwithausualtool.Thisisausualthing.(在一所大学里,有一个欧洲人和一个独眼龙拿着有用的工具沿着一条单行道行走,这是件平常的事.)如：Fiveyearsagoherbrotherwas________universitystudentof________physics.(上海卷))A.a;theB.an;theC.an;/D.a;/【分析】答案选D.因为university是以辅音[j]开头的要用a,排除B和C；physics是学科名词,前面不用冠词.3.英文字母前用a还是用an的问题在26个英文字母中,a,e,i,o,f,h,l,m,n,r,s,x等12个字母的读音是以元音开头的,其余字母则是以辅音开头的.如：Pleasepayattentiontoyourspelling.Youhavedropped________”m”here.(全国卷)A.anB.theC./D.a【分析】答案选A.因为字母答案选m的发音是以元音[e]开头的,所以用an；这里的an的意义与one相当,表示“一个”.不定冠词a(an)的用法1．表示“一”这个数量概念,比one意思稍弱e.g.:Theplanwillbereadyinaweekortwo.2．表示某人或某物,但不具体说明哪个,相当于anye.g.:Thispoemwaswrittenbyastudent.注：在1,2两项中,如果名词变复数,把a换成数词或不定代词some,any等即可.e.g.:Theplanwillbereadyinthreeweeks.3．表示某一类人或事物e.g.:Evenachildcananswerthisquestion.注：句中名词变复数时,去掉不定冠词a/an即可.4．和表示时间或度量衡的名词连用表示“每日”、“每斤”等e.g.:Itakeatwo-milewalktwiceaday.5．用于固定词组e.g.:have/takeashowerhave/takeabathtakeawalkgivealecturealotofacoupleofasarulehaveaheadacheafewalittleabit6.不定冠词用于有形容词修饰的季节,日期前面ThetrafficaccidenthappenedonaSundaytowardstheendofJuly.英语中哪些情况在名词前不用加冠词1）国名,人名前通常不用定冠词：England,Mary；2）泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或事物时,可不用定冠词；Theyareteachers.他们是教师.3）抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词；Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败乃成功之母.4）物质名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,当表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词；Mancannotlivewithoutwater.人离开水就无法生存.5）在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,不加冠词；WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.我们从星期一到星期五都上课.6）在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词；TheguardstooktheAmericantoGeneralLee.士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里.7）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词如：havebreakfast,playchess8）当两个或两个以上名词并用时,常省去冠词；Ican'twritewithoutpenorpencil.没有钢笔和铅笔,我就写不了字.9）当by与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词；bybus,bytrain；10）有些个体名词不用冠词；如：school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed,table,class,town,church,court等个体名词,直接置于介词后,表示该名词的深层含义；gotohospital去医院看病gotothehospital去医院(并不是去看病,而是有其他目的)11)不用冠词的序数词；a.序数词前有物主代词b.序数词作副词Hecamefirstintherace.c.在固定词组中at(the)first,firstofall,fromfirsttolast1.WhenLindawasachild,hermotheralwaysletherhave______bed.A.thebreakfastinB.thebreakfastintheC.breakfastinD.breakfastinthe2.Beyond______starstheastronautsawnothingbut______space.A.the,不填B.不填，theC.不填，不填D.the,the3.AlexanderGrahamBellinvented________telephonein1876.A.不填B.aC.theD.one4.Afterwatching____TV,sheplayed_____violinforanhour.A.不填，不填B.the,theC.the,不填D.不填，the5.Manypeoplearestillin____habitofwritingsillythingsin____publicplaces.A.the,theB.不填，不填C.the,不填D.不填，the6.Papermoneywasin____useinChinawhenMarcoPolovisitedthecountryin____thirteenthcentury.A.the,不填B.the,theC.不填，theD.不填，不填7.Haveyouseen______pen?Ileftitherethismorning.Isit____blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.a,theB.the,theC.the,aD.a,a8.Sheis_____newcomerto____chemistrybutshehasalreadymadesomeimportantdiscoveries.A.the,theB.the,不填C.a,不填D.a,the9.Manypeopleagreethat___knowledgeofEnglishisamustin____internationaltradetoday.A.a,不填B.the,anC.the,theD.不填，the10．______usuallygotochurcheverySunday.A.TheBrownB.ABrownC.BrownsD.TheBrowns11.Thetrainisrunningfiftymiles______.A.anhourB.onehourC.thehourD.ahourtob_id_295412.___earthweliveonisbiggerthan___moon.A.The,aB.The,theC.An,aD.An,the13.—What’sthematterwithyou?—Icaught___badcoldandhadtostayin___bed.A.a,/B.a,theC.a,aD.the,the14.—Doyouknow___ladyinblue?—Yes.Sheisateacherofauniversity.A.theB.aC.anD./15.—Where’s___nearestsupermarket?—It’soverthere,justaroundthecorner.A.aB.anC.theD./16.Theyoungmanwillworkin___schoolasamathsteacher.A.theB.aC.anD./17.Mostoftherepresentativesthinkthat______themeetingwasverysuccessful.A.onwholeofB.onawholeC.onthewholeD.onthewholethat18.Theinvestigatorsfoundthatmoreshouldbedonefor______inIndia.A.thosepoorB.apoorC.poorD.thepoor19.Hegrabbedme______andpulledmeontothebus.A.aarmB.anarmC.thearmD.bythearm20.“Howdidyoupaytheworkers?”“Asarule,theyarepaid______.”A.byanyourB.bythehourC.byahourD.byhours21.What_____excitingfootballmatch!OurteambeatTom’steamatlast.A.aB.anC.theD./22.IntheUnitedStates,Fat