-1Conjunctions小学生英语语法-2一.连词的概念1.在句子中用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句子与句子的词。2.连词在句子中不能单独作句子成分,只能起连接作用,如:1)IstudyEnglishandChinese.2)Doesheworkatschoolorinthehospital?3)Igetupearly,butmybrothergetsuplate.4)Iamverybusybuthappy.(我很忙但我很快乐)-3二.连词的分类1.并列连词连接的单词、短语或句子具有对等关系,就是具有相同的词性、相同的结构和形态。2.and(和),but(但是),or(或者),for(因为),so(所以)3.…both…and…(…和…都…),either…or…(不是…就是…)4.notonly…butalso…(不仅…而且…)。如:1)Iateahamburger,butI’mnotfullyet.2)let’sgoandplayfootball.3)Icleanedthehouseandwashedclothesthismorning.4)Areyougoingtotravelbytrainorbyair?5)NotonlyJanebutalsoherparentslikecooking.-42.从属连词:用来连接主句和从句。before(…之前),after(…之后),when(当…时候)because(因为)if(如果)assoonas(一…就…)though(尽管),although(尽管)如:1)Shedidn’tgotoschoolbecauseshewasill.2)Ifoundherbagaftershehasleft.(她走了以后,我发现了她的书包)3)Hestudiedhardthoughhehadafever.4)Iwaspaintingthewallwhenhecalledme.(他给我打电话时,我正在刷墙)5)Ifyougettickets,pleaseletmeknow.(如果您买到票,请告诉我)-5根据连词在句子中表示逻辑关系的不同,也可分为以下四类:1)表示因果关系的:because,for,so(所以),since(既然)2)表示平行并列、选择关系的:and(和)or(…或…)either…or…(不是…就是…)neither…nor…(既不…也不…)both…and…(…和…都…)notonly…butalso(不仅…而且…)3)表示时间关系的:after,before,when,assoonas4)其它常用连词:表示条件关系的:if表示让步的:although/though(尽管)-6三.常见连词的用法1.用“and”连接多个对象时,最后两个对象间用“and”连接,前面的其它对象间用逗号。Bobenteredtheroom,tookoffthecoatandsatdowninthesofa.2.and通常用在肯定句中,而or通常用在否定句和疑问句中,。1)Helikesmilkandjuice.2)Hedoesn’tlikemilkorjuice.(在否定句中表示并列)3)Whichdoyoulikebetter,applesorpears?(在疑问句中表示选择)3.在同一个句子中,不能同时出现because和so。如:BecauseJohnwasill,soItookhimtothedoctor.应改为:Johnwasill,soItookhimtothedoctor.或:ItookhimtothedoctorbecauseJohnwasill-74.though/although不能和but和连用。如:Althoughheisoversixty,butheworksashardasothers.改为:Althoughheisoversixty,heworksashardasothers.或:Heisoversixty,butheworksashardasothers.5.“both…and…”(…和…都…/两者…都…)“notonly…butolso…”(不仅…而且…)意思相近,有时可以通用如:BothyouandhespeaksFrench.(你和他都讲法语)NotonlyyoubutalsohespeaksFrench.(不但你而且他也讲法语)6.neither…nor…本身已经表示两者都否定,所以句子不再用否定式。NeithershenorIareinterestedinicecream.(她和我都不喜欢冰淇淋)-87.eitherAorB(或者A或者B)neitherAnorB(既不A也不B)notonlyAbutalsoB(不仅A而且B)①EitheryouorIamgoingtotheparty.(或者你或者我将去晚会)②NeitherInorhehasseenthemovie.(我和他都没有看过这部电影)③NotonlyyoubutalsohespeaksFrench.(不但你而且他也讲法语)【连接主语时,谓语“就近原则”】8.and和or都可以在祈使句中使用.“and+句子”通常是比较好的结果,意思是“…那么就会”“or+句子”则表示不愉快不理想的结果,意思是“…否则就会”如:Studyhard,andyourmathwillbebetter.(努力学习,那么你的数学成绩将会很好)Studyhard,oryourmathwillbeworse.(努力学习,否则你的数学成绩将会很差)-91.请用括号里的连词连接下列句子1)Heisrich.Heisunhappy.(but).2)Hebrokehisleftleg.Hecouldn’tattendthemeetingyesterday.(because).3)Bobenteredtheroom.Bobtookoffthecoat.Bobsatdowninthesofa.(and).4)Iamwrong.Youarewrong.(neither…nor).5)Itwillbefinetomorrow.I’llvisitmyEnglishteacher.(if)HeisrichbutheisunhappyHecouldn’tattendthemeetingyesterday,Becausehebrokehisleftleg.Bobenteredtheroom,tookoffthecoatandsatdowninthesofa.NeitheryounorIamright.I’llvisitmyEnglishteacherifitisfinetomorrow.-106)Ilikewhiteboots.Mysisterwhiteboots.(both…and…).7)Iwon’tbuyakite.Iwon’tbuyaballoon.(or).BothmysisterandIlikewhiteboots.Iwon’tbuyakiteoraballoon.2.选择填空1)Wemadeapizzathismorning.___wedidn’teatit.A.andB.soC.butD.or2)Iwastiredverymuch,__Iwenttobedearlylastnight.A.becauseB.soC.butD.or3)DoesRosegotoschoolbybike__bybus?A.andB.orC.butD.norCBB-114)HewillgotoParis___hisauntlivesthere.A.andB.soC.but.D.because5)I’llcallyou__Iarriveattheairport.A.andB.butC.assoonasD.if6)JerryIareinterestedinthemovie.Couldyougivemeonemoreticket?A.Both,andB.Either,orC.Neither,norD./,or7)_____it’sraining,thematchcontinues.A.ForB.WhenC.AlthoughD.Because8)Turnoffthelights__yougoout.A.ifB.thoughC.afterD.beforeDCACD-129)Marylikesmusic___Tomisfoundofsports.A.andB.butC.bothAandB10)Thisismyfirstlesson,__Idon’tknowyournames.A.andB.butC.so11)Whichdoyoulikebetter,apples__pears?A.andB.butC.or12)Nowwehavenotime_____money.A.soB.andC.or13)It’sgettingwarmer__warmer.A.andB.butC.orCCCCA-133.找出下列句中的错误,并予以订正。1)Becausehewashungry,soheatetwobowlsofrice...2)Whichdoyoulikebetter,singinganddancing?..3)Aliceisnotslimbutalsobeautiful..4)BothMomandalsoDadareangrywithmybrother..5)Thoughsheislittle,butsheoftenhelpsothers..Hewashungry,soheatetwobowlsofrice.Becausehewashungry,heatetwobowlsofrice.Whichdoyoulikebetter,singingordancing?.Aliceisnotonlyslimbutalsobeautiful.BothMomandDadareangrywithmybrother.Thoughsheislittle,sheoftenhelpsothers.-14Thankyou!Goodbye!