八年级(下)Units5~6第12讲1.begin(v.)→began(过去式)开始→begun(过去分词)→beginning(n.)开始;起点2.heavy(adj.)→heavily(adv.)在很大程度上;大量地3.sudden(adj.)→suddenly(adv.)突然;忽然【高频】4.wind(n.)→windy(adj.)多风的5.report(v.&n.)→reporter(n.)记者6.wood(n.)→wooden(adj.)木质的;木头的7.beat(v.)→beat(过去式)敲打;打败→beaten(过去分词)8.sleep(v.)→asleep(adj.)睡着的→sleepy(adj.)困乏的【高频】9.fall(v.)→fell(过去式)倒下的;落下的→fallen(过去分词)→falling(现在分词)10.ice(n.)→icy(adj.)覆盖着冰的;冰冷的11.complete(adj.)→completely(adv.)彻底地;完全地12.silence(n.)→silent(adj.)不说话的;沉默的【高频】13.recent(adj.)→recently(adv.)不久前;最近14.true(adj.)→truth(n.)实情;事实【高频】→truly(adv.)真正;确实15.hide(v.)→hid(过去式)隐蔽;隐蔽→hidden(过去分词)16.magic(adj.)→magical(adj.)有魔力的;有神奇力量的→magician(n.)魔术师17.excite(v.)→excited(adj.)感到激动的;感到兴奋的【高频】→exciting(adj.)使人兴奋的;令人激动的【高频】→excitement(n.)激动;兴奋18.west(n.)→Western(adj.)西方国家的;(尤其)欧美的;西方的【高频】19.marry(v.)→marriage(n.)婚姻20.gold(n.&adj.)→golden(adj.)金色的21.wife(n.)→wives(pl.)妻子22.lead(v.)→leader(n.)领导者;指挥者1.waitfor等待2.gooff(闹钟)发出响声3.pickup(=pickupthephone)接电话4.fallasleep进入梦乡;睡着5.diedown逐渐变弱;逐渐消失6.havealook看一看7.insilence沉默;无声8.takedown拆除;往下拽;记录9.atfirst首先;最初10.insteadof代替;反而11.alittlebit有点儿;稍微12.fallinlove爱上;喜欢上1.当暴风雨来临时,他正在做什么?What_____he_______whentherainstormcame?2.凯特还在前往学校的路上。Katewasstill____________her____toschool.3.在这一天,马丁·路德·金博士被杀害了。Onthisday,Dr.MartinLutherKing___________.4.罗伯特·艾伦现在50多岁了,但那时他还是一个小学生。RobertAllenisnow_____50,buthewasaschoolpupil___________.5.他能把自己变成不同的动物和物体。Hecan_____himself_____differentanimalsandobjects.wasdoingmaking/onwaywaskilledoveratthattimeturninto6.因为它们如此之大,以至于走到另一边要花很长时间。Becausetheyweresobigthatit____alongtimeto_______theotherside.7.王子一看见她,就爱上了她。________theprincesawher,he____________her.8.这对新婚夫妇如此开心,以至于结婚时都止不住地笑。Thenewcoupleweresohappythatthey_____________smilingwhenthey___________.9.你们在森林里睡了这么久!_______longtimeyousleptintheforest!tookwalktoAssoonasfellinlovewithcouldn'tstopgotmarriedWhata►pickup【典例在线】Tompickedupthephoneanddialedthenumber.汤姆拿起电话,拨打了号码。Iwillpickyouupatfive.我五点钟来接你。Here'satipIpickedupfrommymother.告诉你一个窍门,我是从我妈妈那里学来的。【拓展精析】pickup为动副词型短语,意为“拿起,捡起;(开车)接人;接电话;(偶然)得到”等。【活学活用】1)Whenhesawawalletontheground,he____atonce.A.pickeditupB.gaveitupC.lookeditupD.tookitup2)—Doyou____yoursonafterschool?(2014,绍兴)—No.Hecomesbackhomeontheschoolbus.A.pickupB.lookafterC.dropinD.sendforAA►against【典例在线】Heputtheladderagainstthewall.他把梯子靠在墙边上。Therainbeatsagainstthecarwindscreen.雨打在汽车挡风玻璃上。Theyareagainsttheplan.他们反对这个计划。【拓展精析】against介词,意为“倚;碰;撞”。还可意为“反对”,此时其反义词为for(赞成),表示强烈反对一般用副词strongly来修饰。【活学活用】3)I'm____buildinganewzoobecauseIthinkzoosareterribleplacesforanimalstolivein.A.againstB.onC.inD.for4)Benwashelpinghismotherwhentherainbegantobeatheavily____thewindows.(2015,杭州)A.belowB.acrossC.behindD.againstAD►marry【典例在线】Shemarriedamanwithalotofmoney.她嫁给了一个很有钱的人。Whendidshegetmarried?她什么时候结婚的?Theyhavebeenmarriedforsixyears.他们已经结婚六年了。Shegotmarriedtoateacher.=Shewasmarriedtoateacher.她同一位老师结婚了。【拓展精析】marry动词,可作“娶”讲,也可作“嫁”讲。常用结构:marrysb.嫁给某人;与某人结婚。getmarried意为“结婚”,表示动作,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。bemarried意为“结婚”,表示状态,可与表示一段时间的状语连用。getmarried和bemarried都可以与介词to连用,但不能与with连用,即be/getmarriedtosb.意为“与某人结婚”。【活学活用】5)—Whendidyou____Mary?—Lastyear.A.marryB.getmarriedC.marrywithD.getmarriedwith6)She____fortenyearsandnowshehasalovelydaughter.(2014,白银)A.marriedB.hasbeenmarriedC.gotmarriedD.hasgotmarriedAB►remind【典例在线】Thestoryremindsmeofmyhappychildhood.这个故事让我想起了我快乐的童年。Myparentsoftenremindmetostudyhard.我父母常提醒我努力学习。Iremindedhimthathemustgohomebeforedark.我提醒他必须在天黑之前回家。【拓展精析】remind动词,意为“提醒;使想起”,后常接名词或代词作宾语,常用于以下结构中:remindsb.ofsth.使某人回想起或意识到某物/事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.that...提醒某人……【活学活用】7)昨晚的电视节目使我姐姐想起两年前在山村支教的经历。TheTVprogramlastnight________mysister____herexperienceasavolunteerteacherinthemountainvillagetwoyearsago.8)—ThesongWheredidthetimego____theolddaysandtheloveoffamily.(2014,十堰)—Sure.It'smyfavoritesong.A.helpsusoutB.remindsusofC.letsusdownD.regardsusasremindedofB►WhatwasJennydoingwhenLindawassleeping?当琳达睡觉时珍妮在做什么?【典例在线】Hewasreadinginthelibrarywhentherainstormcame.当暴风雨来临时,他正在图书馆看书。WhileLindawassleeping,JennywashelpingMarywithherhomework.当琳达正在睡觉时,珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。Whileyouweresleeping,IcalledJennyandshehelpedme.当你正在睡觉时,我打电话给珍妮,她帮了我。CouldyoupleaselookaftermyflowerswhileIamout?当我出去时,你能照顾一下我的花吗?【拓展精析】过去进行时态表示过去某一时间里正在发生的动作或存在的状态。其结构为:was/were+现在分词。when与while都可引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时”。但区别为:when既可指时间点,也可指时间段;从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词;从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时发生,也可以是先后发生;主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时。while只指时间段;从句中的动词必须是延续性动词;主句的动作发生在从句动作发生的过程中或主、从句两个动作同时发生;若从句与主句同时发生,主、从句都用进行时。when和while还可作并列连词。when表示“在那时,突然”;while表示“而,却”,表对照关系。when可用于表示“一……就……”的句型中,若主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。【活学活用】1)—IreallyenjoyChinesefood!—Me,too.Mymouthwaswatering_____IwatchedtheTVprogramABiteofChina.2)—Itseemsthatyouarehappy.Why?—ImetanoldfriendofminewhileI____________(walk)onthestreet.3)—MissLin____mydeskmatewithherlessonswhenIleftschool.(2015,福州)—Sheisreallyaniceteacher.A.helpsB.ishelpingC.washelpingwhenwaswalkingC►IhadtroublethinkingclearlyafterthatbecauseIwasveryafraid.我难以清楚地想起那以后的事情,因为我很害怕。【典例在线】Thousandsofpeoplehavetroublefallingasleep.成千上万的人都有难以入睡的困扰。Hehadnotroublefindingajob.他毫不费劲地找到了一份工作。【拓展精