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倒装结构知识的殿堂倒装语序分为“全部倒装”和“部分倒装”。在全部倒装的句子中，整个谓语都放在主语的前面；在部分倒装的句子中，只是谓语中的一部分（如助动词、情态动词或系动词be等）放在主语前面，其余部分仍放在主语后面。下面将常见的倒装情况分述如下：1、倒装句之全部倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1)here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run等，例如：Theregoesthebell./Thencamethechairman.Hereisyourletter.2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词，例如：Outrushedagroupofstudentsfromtheclassroom.Aheadsatanoldwoman.注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如：Herehecomes./Awaytheywent.2、倒装句之部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1)句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil…等。NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.当Notuntil引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装，例如：Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.Themotherdidn'tleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.典型例题—Whycan'tIsmokehere?—Atnotime_______inthemeeting-room.A.issmokingpermittedB.smokingispermittedC.smokingisitpermittedD.doessmokingpermit答案A.这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no,little,hardly,seldom,never,notonly,notuntil等。本题的正常语序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_______whatheatis.A.mandidknowB.manknowC.didn'tmanknowD.didmanknow答案D.看到Notuntil…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D中选一个。改写为正常语序为，Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。3、以否定词开头作部分倒装如:Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…thanNotonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.典型例题Nosooner_______thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun答案D.以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never,seldom,scarcely,little,few,not,hardly,以及notonly…but(also),nosooner…than,hardly…whenscarcely…when等等。注意：只有当Notonly…butalso连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Notonly…butalso仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.4、so,neither,nor作部分倒装表示“也”、“也不”的句子要部分倒装，例如：TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.Ifyouwon'tgo,neitherwillI.典型例题--DoyouknowJimquarrelledwithhisbrother?--Idon'tknow,_____.A.nordon'tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon'tcareneitherD.Idon'tcarealso答案B。nor为增补意思也不关心，因此句子应倒装。A.错在用don't再次否定，C.neither用法不对且缺乏连词。D.缺乏连词。注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此。TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.“It'sraininghard.”“Soitis.”5、as,though引导的倒装句as/though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词,副词,分词,实义动词提前），例如：Oldasmyfatheris,hekeepsupwithhisEnglishstudy.Childasheis,heknowssomethingofelectricity.Tiredashewas,hecontinuedtowork.Youngasshewas,shewasalreadydirectorofafactory.Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.注意：1)句首名词不能带任何冠词。句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。2)让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是though和yet可连用。6、only在句首要倒装的情况Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell.Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装，例如：Onlywhenheisseriouslyill,doesheeverstayinbed.7、其他部分倒装1)so…that句型中的so位于句首时，需倒装。Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.2)在某些表示祝愿的句型中：Mayyouallbehappy.3)在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词，可将if省略，把were,had,should移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.典型例题：1.Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury______whatheatis.A.mandidknowB.manknewC.didn'tmanknowD.didmanknow2.NotuntilIbegantowork______howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn'tIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn'trealizeD.Irealize3.—DoyouknowTomboughtanewcar?—Idon'tknow,_______.A.nordon'tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon'tcareneitherD.Idon'tcarealso答案为D。Notuntil引导的词组位于句首，后面的句子要倒装。答案为B。Notuntil引导从句位于句首，后面的主句要倒装。答案为B。句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示也不。由so,neither,nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中,so用于肯定句,而neither,nor用在否定句中。倒装句考查热点归纳一、与only有关的倒装句1.(2004重庆)Ifailedinthefinalexaminationlasttermandonlythen_______theimportanceofstudies.A.IrealizedB.IhadrealizedC.hadIrealizedD.didIrealize2.(2001北京)_______canyouexpecttogetapayrise.A.WithhardworkB.AlthoughworkhardC.OnlywithhardworkD.Nowthatheworkshard3.(2005福建)Onlyaftermyfriendcame________.A.didthecomputerrepairB.herepairedthecomputerC.wasthecomputerrepairedD.thecomputerwasrepaired4.(2001上海春季)Onlywhenthewarwasover_____tohishometown.A.didtheyoungsoldierreturnB.theyoungsoldierreturnedC.returnedtheyoungsoldierD.theyoungsoldierdidreturnCDCA5.(2003上海)Onlywhenyouridentityhasbeenchecked_______.A.youareallowedinB.youwillbeallowedinC.willyouallowinD.willyoubeallowedin解题要领：only引导的倒装句的结构是：only+副词／介词短语／状语从句+助动词+句子剩余部分。技巧点拨：①only修饰主语时，不需要倒装；②倒装是把助动词提前，而不是把谓语动词提前。同时还需考虑题目的时态及语态；③倒装是指主句的语序倒装，only修饰的状语从句或句子中的其它附属从句语序不变。D二、与notonly…butalso有关的倒装句1.(1991上海卷)Notonly______polluted,but______crowded.A.wasthecity;werethestreetsB.thecitywas;thestreetswereC.wasthecity;thestreetswereD.thecitywas;werethestreets2.(2002上海春季卷)Notonly______interestedinfootballbut______beginningtoshowaninterest.A.theteacherhimselfis;allhisB.theteacherhimselfis;areallC.istheteacherhimself;areallD.istheteacherhimself;allhis3.(2004上海卷)______snacksanddrinks,buttheyalsobroughtcardsforentertainmentwhentheyhadapicnicintheforest.A.NotonlytheyboughtB.Notonlydidt