计算机网络课程设计报告--校园网构建方案的设计和实现

XX大学计算机科学与技术学院计算机网络课程设计报告——校园网构建方案的设计和实现专业班级：学生姓名：学号：指导教师：日期：一．设计任务及要求1.任务：某高校现有三个地理位置分离的分校区，每个校区入网信息点有2000多个，现准备通过教科网接入因特网。而从教科网只申请到4个C类网络（222.191.1.0-222.191.4.0）,为了安全，要求每个分校区的学生公寓子网和教师子网不在同一个广播域。同时，学校有若干台应用服务器，同时对内和对外提供web等网络服务。设计网络构建方案并实施该校园网络。2.要求：(1)根据具体情况，完成需求分析(2)列出实验所需设备，完成网络拓扑结构图(3)完成各项设备的具体配置(4)调试运行二．基本思路及相关理论1.基本思路：(1)由于每个校区入网信息点有2000多个，C类网络无法满足该数量级的主机地址需求，因此在三个校区以及服务器区中使用B类私网地址172.16.0.0。(2)由于校园网内使用的是私网地址，所以需要在边界路由器上配置网络地址转换（NAT），校园网内主机访问外网时使用动态地址转换，内网服务器使用静态地址转换来给外网提供服务。(3)由于每个校区入网信息点有2000多个，若手动为每台主机配置ip地址，那么工程量是极大的，而且主机的添加与删除对网络的影响也较大。为了解决这一问题，并且便于网络管理，需要配置DHCP服务。(4)任务要求每个分校区的学生公寓子网和教师子网不在同一个广播域，那么使用VLAN技术来满足这一要求，创建两个VLAN，分别是VlanStudent和VlanTeacher。(5)使用三层交换机来实现VlanStudent和VlanTeacher之间的通信，使用路由器来实现不同校区之间的通信。(6)配置DNS服务器给校园网内的WEBServer和FTPServer提供域名解析，给用户提供人性化的服务。2.相关理论：(1)ip的层次结构、寻址方案以及每种类别的ip地址所能提供的最大主机数(2)子网划分的原理及步骤(3)可变长子网掩码（VLSM）对ip地址利用率的最大化(4)vlan技术分隔广播域(5)三层交换机实现VLAN间路由(6)动态路由协议OSPF实现路由汇聚，提供不同校区间的路由(7)使用命令default-informationoriginate来向OSPF域中注入默认路由(8)主机跨网段请求DNS服务的实现三．方案设计（网络设备和拓扑结构）四．网络的具体配置(1)三个校区以及服务器区的接入层交换机提供足够多的以太网接口，使用默认配置即可。(2)汇聚层交换机的配置a.校区一的三层交换机的配置如下：Buildingconfiguration...Currentconfiguration:1868bytes!version12.2noservicetimestampslogdatetimemsecnoservicetimestampsdebugdatetimemsecnoservicepassword-encryption!hostnameSwitch!ipdhcpexcluded-address172.16.3.254ipdhcpexcluded-address172.16.7.254!ipdhcppoolVlanStudentnetwork172.16.0.0255.255.252.0default-router172.16.3.254dns-server172.16.48.30ipdhcppoolVlanTeachernetwork172.16.4.0255.255.252.0default-router172.16.7.254dns-server172.16.48.30iprouting!interfaceFastEthernet0/1noswitchportnoipaddressduplexautospeedautoshutdown!interfaceFastEthernet0/2!interfaceFastEthernet0/3!interfaceFastEthernet0/4!interfaceFastEthernet0/5!interfaceFastEthernet0/6!interfaceFastEthernet0/7!interfaceFastEthernet0/8!interfaceFastEthernet0/9!interfaceFastEthernet0/10!interfaceFastEthernet0/11!interfaceFastEthernet0/12!interfaceFastEthernet0/13!interfaceFastEthernet0/14!interfaceFastEthernet0/15!interfaceFastEthernet0/16!interfaceFastEthernet0/17!interfaceFastEthernet0/18!interfaceFastEthernet0/19!interfaceFastEthernet0/20!interfaceFastEthernet0/21!interfaceFastEthernet0/22noswitchportipaddress172.16.48.1255.255.255.252duplexautospeedauto!interfaceFastEthernet0/23switchportaccessvlan3switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/24switchportaccessvlan2switchportmodeaccess!interfaceGigabitEthernet0/1!interfaceGigabitEthernet0/2!interfaceVlan1noipaddressshutdown!interfaceVlan2ipaddress172.16.3.254255.255.252.0!interfaceVlan3ipaddress172.16.7.254255.255.252.0!routerospf100log-adjacency-changesnetwork172.16.0.00.0.3.255area0network172.16.4.00.0.3.255area0network172.16.48.00.0.0.3area0!ipclassless!linecon0linevty04login!endb.校区二的三层交换机的配置如下：Buildingconfiguration...Currentconfiguration:1888bytes!version12.2noservicetimestampslogdatetimemsecnoservicetimestampsdebugdatetimemsecnoservicepassword-encryption!hostnameSwitch!ipdhcpexcluded-address172.16.23.254ipdhcpexcluded-address172.16.19.254!ipdhcppoolVlanStudentnetwork172.16.16.0255.255.252.0default-router172.16.19.254dns-server172.16.48.30ipdhcppoolVlanTeachernetwork172.16.20.0255.255.252.0default-router172.16.23.254dns-server172.16.48.30iprouting!noipdomain-lookup!interfaceFastEthernet0/1noswitchportnoipaddressduplexautospeedauto!interfaceFastEthernet0/2!interfaceFastEthernet0/3!interfaceFastEthernet0/4!interfaceFastEthernet0/5!interfaceFastEthernet0/6!interfaceFastEthernet0/7!interfaceFastEthernet0/8!interfaceFastEthernet0/9!interfaceFastEthernet0/10!interfaceFastEthernet0/11!interfaceFastEthernet0/12!interfaceFastEthernet0/13!interfaceFastEthernet0/14!interfaceFastEthernet0/15!interfaceFastEthernet0/16!interfaceFastEthernet0/17!interfaceFastEthernet0/18!interfaceFastEthernet0/19!interfaceFastEthernet0/20!interfaceFastEthernet0/21!interfaceFastEthernet0/22noswitchportipaddress172.16.48.5255.255.255.252duplexautospeedauto!interfaceFastEthernet0/23switchportaccessvlan3switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/24switchportaccessvlan2switchportmodeaccess!interfaceGigabitEthernet0/1!interfaceGigabitEthernet0/2!interfaceVlan1noipaddressshutdown!interfaceVlan2ipaddress172.16.19.254255.255.252.0!interfaceVlan3ipaddress172.16.23.254255.255.252.0!routerospf100log-adjacency-changesnetwork172.16.16.00.0.3.255area0network172.16.20.00.0.3.255area0network172.16.48.40.0.0.3area0!ipclassless!linecon0linevty04login!endc.校区三的三层交换机的配置如下：Currentconfiguration:1888bytes!version12.2noservicetimestampslogdatetimemsecnoservicetimestampsdebugdatetimemsecnoservicepassword-encryption!hostnameSwitch!ipdhcpexcluded-address172.16.35.254ipdhcpexcluded-address172.16.39.254!ipdhcppoolVlanStudentnetwork172.16.32.0255.255.252.0default-router172.16.35.254dns-server172.16.48.30ipdhcppoolVlanTeachernetwork172.16.36.0255.255.252.0default-router172.16.39.254dns-server172.16.48.30iprouting!noipdomain-lookup!interfaceFastEthernet0/1noswitchportnoipaddressduplexautospeedauto!interfaceFastEthernet0/2!interfaceFastEthernet0/3!interfaceFastEthernet0/4!interf