搜索
(233238)50aX(730000)(730000),40,,:40,19,89.5%,33,51%,,,,19494%11%()P343.9,980010130E,3842N,,,13km2,810km,3(),3:30,,,,,,,,,,,300500mm,700mm,100250mm,,45mm12112000,,,,40,,,,,1,2,1,30,(),,9.0m3;0.95m31.3m3,18319989JOURNALOFDESERTRESEARCHVol.18No.3Sep.1998X,(962912203203202):,,1965,,:1997210218:1998203220140,,,19271932,,90%2,1,,,,1932190km2,,19274.12m1941,,19441945,,1958267km219441950,,19511962,1.1m3,380m3,,,,3.8m3,,,1950197828a,,1,1949,,1954196319681978,,33391985,95,10m3,3.6m3,19492019851994,,,,,2771m3,15.56106hm2,,,19742818.4km,405,445.1km,1994,3967.6km,2566.5km20a60.300.350.500.55119491954195819631968197319781985()210334354789395(m3)1798254965191895020186278853352436044(hm2)8.2611.3913.1913.4513.7914.3815.5915.65()54.9263.4475.8666.2374.1194.3398.32105.12,70,,1985,8735,3.2m3,6076,4843,1994,,143218,,80,,33,(2),,,505011.90m3,809.42m3,90,6.91m3(3),,57,810,11,34,,,,80,1960198020a,2.9m3,16%,1981199110a,22.8%280,:60,1958267km2,1960213km2,1961,3,195835.5km2,1982,23.6km2,197319802,1986,1990,1996,15km2,1997,,50(),5080,24.0m3,15.8m3,;,120mm,,2,,5323:50a,,,:2.1,,(2)196088göL,100200göL,3;,7010göL,,3göL,2göL,,,19620.5göL,19870.98göL20a,,,,23göL,6km242(göL)(göL)0.80HCO3-Ca-Mg3.088.0SO4-Cl-Na-Mg0.10.7HCO3-Ca-Mg3.016.0SO4-Cl-Na-Mg,Cl-SO4-Na-Mg,,,(2.03.0göL)COD(0.815.0mgöL)(0.5mgöL)(0.002mgöL),,,BOD5,2.2,,,,6012hm2,12001800kgöhm2,809hm2,510750kgöhm2,43.19hm2(50%,10%20%),,0.93hm2,2.93km,50,,,1958198022a,5.76hm2,70%70%30%319.23hm27.95hm2,,30%327.09hm219,,2.3,63218,,,,,,,3,194982.14hm2(),4,2.23hm2,14.5%31949(hm2)(hm2)(%)(hm2)(hm2)(%)12489619603962.20193444258.419.0724985326130359.34769776446.724.4543573738239723.202716483695.213.20.0108925.860.0620.50.72,3.07hm20.30.6hm2,60,35.09hm2,54%,1.11.3hm2155.53hm2,15.17%,5.72hm2,,10%486.94hm2,47.5%7080,225km2,5.0%562.7%,37.3%,3(1)50,,:9010m330,,50a40%,22.8%;,,,,,,,,,(2),,,,,,,,,,,,;,,10m3,1.337323:50ahm2319.95hm2,,,1,..:,1992.1432072,..:,1991.16233..,1989,12(1):154,..,1986,6(3):38495,..:,1994.8796CHANGESOFHYDROLOGYANDECOLOGICALENVIRON-MENTDURINGLATE50YEARSINHEIHERIVERBASINWANGGen2xuCHENGuo2dong(StateKeyLabofFrozenEngineeringinGlaciologyandGeocryologyInstitute,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Lanzhou730000)(GeologyDepartmentofLanzhouUniversity,Lanzhou730000)AbstractThepurposeofstudyistoinvestigatetheinfluencesofwaterresourcedevelop2mentontheecologicalenvironmentinthearidregionsofnorthwestChinawithHeiheRiverbasinasanexample.Duringlate50years,theHeiheRiversystemchangedheavily:thedis2chargeofthelowerreachesoftheriverdecreasedseriously;morethan30tributariesanditsterminallakeshavedriedup.Suchhydrologicalchangeresultsinthedegradationoftheeco2logicalenvironment,secondarysalinizationandlanddesertificationinwholebasin.Since1949thewaterconsumptioninthemiddlereachesareaofthebasinhasincreasedby19times;theareaofoasishasaddedby8915%;thus,thedischargeinthelowerreachesoftheriverhasreducedby51%;thespringwateroutputhasreducedby2218%;mineralizationdegreeofsurfacewaterandshallowgroundwaterinthemiddleandlowreacheshavebeenin2creasingduetovariationsofhydrologicalconditionandredistributionofwaterresources.Furthermore,bothsurfacewaterandgroundwaterwereseriouslypolluted.Inthemiddlesectionoftheriverbasinsome43118104hm2ofgrasslanddegradedseriously;0193104hm2offoresthavebeendestroyedandthedesertifiedlandhasincreasedto5135104hm2.Inthelowerreachesoftheriverbasin,degradedvegetationhasreached27118104hm2andlanddesertificationisexpandingatarateof(111113)104hm2peryear.Humanactivitiesarethemainreasonresponsibleforthesechanges.KeywordsHeiheRiverbasinHydrologyEcologicalenvironmentChange83218