手部安全

HandSafetyTraining双手安全培训1“TheNextStep”下一步措施HandInjuriesaccountformostofourseriousinjuries.Safetyincidentshavelongbeenamajorsourceofinjuries.Wemustreducethesesowemusttargetthespecificinjurysources.手部伤害在各类重大事故中占了大部分比例，安全事故是导致伤害的主要源头。一定要瞄准具体的伤害源头以减少类似事故的发生Canwetakethesameapproachtohandsafetythatwetooktowardssafety-Preventionfirst,protectionsecond?能否以同样的安全的方式来对待手部安全—先预防，后保护？“TheNextStep”下一步措施Takeamomenttoholdyourhandsoutinfrontofyou.Lookatthem.Theyaretheonlytwohandsyouwilleverhave.Doyouhaveanyscars?伸出双手观察一下，人这辈子就只有两只手，看看上面有没有伤疤？Ithasbeenestimatedthatalmost20%ofalldisablingaccidentsonthejobinvolvethehands.Withoutyourfingersorhands,yourabilitytoworkandliveanactivelife,wouldbegreatlyreduced.据统计20％的伤残事故都发生在手上。没有了手或手指头，个人工作及生活的积极性将会大打折扣。“TheNextStep”下一步措施Imagewhatwillchangeyourlifeyouyoulostyourhands想象一下没有了双手，你的生活将会是怎样的？Humanhandsareunique.Noothercreatureintheworldhashandsthatcangrasp,hold,move,andmanipulateobjectslikehumanhands.Theyareoneofyourgreatesttoolsandassets.And,assuch,mustbeprotectedandcaredfor.人类的手是独一无二的。世界上没有任何生物具备可以像人类一样灵活自如地抓提掌控物体之双手。双手就是最好的工具和资产，因此必须要好好保护才行。Howwouldyouanswerthisquestion?请回答如下问题：“Whatisthemostusedtoolinindustry?”工业领域里最常用的工具是什么？Hammer锤子Screwdriver改锥Drill电钻Crescentwrench扳手Pliers钳子HandHazards手部风险Themostusedtoolis:最常用的工具是：Trywritingwithoutusingyourthumb没有拇指写字试试看Tryholdingahammerwithonlytwofingers只用两根手指头握一下锤子试试看Tryusinganymanmadetoolwithoutyourhands不用手使用任何其它人造工具试试看Handprotectionisimportantbecauseourhandsareexposedtosomanyhazardsintheworkplace手经常处于多种风险当中，因此保护双手尤为重要HandHazards手部风险GeneralRequirements总体要求RequirementsforHandProtection对手部防护的要求Weshalltrainandrequireemployeestouseappropriatehandprotectionwhenemployees’handsareexposedtohazardssuchasthosefromskinabsorptionofharmfulsubstances;severecutsorlacerations;severeabrasions;punctures;chemicalburns;thermalburns;andharmfultemperatureextremes.我们将针对手部接触有害物质、割伤、划伤、挫伤、刺伤、化学烧伤、烫伤及高温伤害等危害进行相关培训-Useagrinderorfiletoremovetheroughsurface.用磨光机或挫刀磨平表面WorkPractices伤害的机会及预防Bladeswhichcancutoramputateyourfingersorhands.锋利的片状物可切断手或手指头-Usepushsticksandtongstokeepyourhandsawayfrombladesorhotobjects.用棍子或钳子把薄片或其它高温物体挪开-Cutawayfromthebodywhenusingaknife用刀具切割时离身体远一点Roughsurfacesandsharpedgeswhichcanscrapeorcuttheskin.粗糙表面及锋利边角会刮伤或切入皮肤-Makecertaintheequipmenthasbeenlockedoutandallenergysourceshasbeendisconnected.作业前设备上锁，切断水电气等。-Machineguardsinplaceandoperable设有可操作的设备防护挡板Machinerywhichcanpinchorcrushyourfingers.机器会夹伤或压碎手指WorkPractices伤害的机会及预防Considertheforceofgravity.考虑重力影响-Keepyourhandsoutfromundersuspendedorelevatedloads.不要把手放在悬空物体或载荷之下Prybarsorsupportsslipping/failing撬棍或支架滑落Missingthetargetwithahammer锤击偏位-Keepyourhandsoutofthelineoffire不要把手放在触发路径上WorkPractices伤害的机会及预防Chemicalswhichcanirritateorburntheskin造成皮肤刺激或烧伤的化学品Makecertainthattheglovesthatyourhaveonarethecorrectones.确保防腐手套选用得当HeatandCold骤冷骤热-Cooloffhotmaterialbeforehandlingit,evengloved,erectabarrieragainstcoldandhotsurfaces).受热物体冷却后方可加工，即使戴了手套也要在冷热物体的表面加一层防护层WorkPractices伤害的机会及预防PinchPoints(HandTraps)夹接点Apinchpointcanexistanytimetwoobjectscometogether.Anexampleiswhereaclosingdooranddoorframecometogether.任意两个物体放在一起就可以形成夹接点，例如，关门时门和门框就形成了夹接点Herearesomeactualcasesofpinchpoints:如下为一些夹接点的实际例子：AnIronworkerinjuredhisfingerswhenabeamshiftedandpinchedhisfingersbetweenthebeamandtheconcretefloor.某钢结构工人在安装横梁时发生偏转，手指夹在了横梁与混凝土之间Apipefitterputhishandovertheendofapipe.Ahelpermovedanotherpipewhichhitthepipefitter’shand.某管工把手放在管子末端，此时辅工正在挪动另一管子，结果碰在了管工的手上上述两种案例当中手套基本不起保护作用，防止夹接风险的关键是要避免把手放在不该放的位置上，因此需要进行风险确认。Inbothexamples,glovesdidlittletopreventtheinjury.Thekeytopreventhandinjuriesasaresultofpinchpointsistothinkaboutwhereyourhandsareplacedandavoidthemalltogether.Todosorequireshazardidentification.PinchPoints(HandTraps)夹接点Inordertoproperlypositionyourhands,youmustfirstrecognizethehazardandthendevelopaplantohelpkeepyourhandsfrombeinginjured.Thisrequiresthoughtandaction.为了把手放在正确的位置，必须要认识风险且根据风险制定一套方案来避免伤害，需要思行结合。PinchPoints(HandTraps)夹接点Useequipmenttomoveheavymaterialswhenpossible,notmanualmeans.尽量利用设备搬运重物，避免徒手搬运用思想左右您的双手才是最安全的防护方式Thebestsafetydeviceforyourhandsistouseyourmind.Bybeingalertandawareyoucanavoidpoorpositioningofyourhands,keepthemoutoftheareasthatwillharmoneofyourmostvaluabletools:yourHands.只有时刻保持思想上的警惕才可避免将双手置于不当位置，请用思想意识来保护最珍贵的工具：双手。PinchPoints(HandTraps)夹接点Keepyourhandsofftheloadcompletelyifpossible.Useataglinetocontroltheload.尽量不要用徒手控制起吊荷载物，要用幌绳来控制荷载Donotgrabamovingcable,hoistline,orloadlinewithyourhands.不要用手去抓移动的电缆，吊索或有荷载的绳索Ifyouseeothersplacingtherehands/fingersinapinchpoint,gettheirattentionandstopthem.若发现有人把手放在夹接点上，请立即制止。PinchPoints(HandTraps)夹接点PinchPoints(HandTraps)夹接点PinchPoints(HandTraps)夹接点PinchPoints(HandTraps)夹接点PinchPoints(HandTraps)夹接点StoredEnergy蓄存的势能Storedenergyispotentialenergythatcouldbereleasedunexpectedlyifitisnotcontrolled.蓄存势能是指某种不加控制即可随时释放的潜在势能Examples:例如-Hydraulicfluidsunderpressure带压的流体-Compressedair压缩空气-Energystoredinsprings弹簧中蓄存的势能-Processchemicalsunderpressure带压的工艺化学品-Potentialenergyfromelevatedobjects(Gravity)高空物体的势能（重力势能）Firstlylet’sdefinestoredenergy蓄存势能的定义Whatcanw