电力系统稳定器

电力系统稳定器（PSS）介绍•电力系统稳定器(PSS)作为励磁调节器的一种附加功能，能够有效地增强系统阻尼，抑制系统低频振荡的发生，提高电力系统的稳定性，目前在大多发电机的励磁系统上已得到广泛的应用，成为现代励磁调节器不可缺少的功能之一。UtcUXe单机无穷大母线系统图：MS1K1－＋－K4S0K5ΣΣdoSK3T'1K3K6K2ΣΔΕ’qΔEfdΔδΔωΔMe2ΔMe1ΔUtD－－＋ΔPM励磁模型PSSΣ单机无穷大系统小信号模型0'ed'c0eqc01sinXXcosXXdqqoqxxUiUEKed'eq02XXXXqiKededXXXK'3XedddcXXxxUK'0'4sin)()(sin)(cos00'00005edtdtqceqtqtdcXXUXUUXXUXUUKed'e006XXXttqUUK如果忽略线路电阻，那么K1～K6可以简化成如下公式：式中：Xd、Xq、X‘d分别为发电机纵轴电抗、横轴电抗、纵轴暂态电抗；Xe为线路电抗；Ut0、UC分别为发电机端电压和无限大母线电压△ω△δ△Utk5△δk6△Eq△Utθ+θ　12θg(a)AVR产生负阻尼△ω△Tpss△δUpssθdθgPSS产生正阻尼注：KP1，KS2，KS3，KS1放大倍数T6，T7惯性时间常数TW1，TW2，TW3，TW4隔直时间常数TS1，TS2一阶超前滞后时间常数TS3，TS4两阶超前滞后时间常数TS5，TS6三阶超前滞后时间常数T8，T9高频滤波器时间常数M，N高频滤波器指数KPKI/SKDSUF+UFG-arccos发电机1+T1S1+T2S1+T3S1+T4S1+T5S1+T6S-+KS3转速信号Kp11+T6STW1S1+TW1STW2S1+TW2S+Ks21+T7STW3S1+TW3STW4S1+TW4S1+T8S(1+T9S)M[]电功率信号N+－KS111+TSG(S)余弦移相－P注：通过适当整定参数，可以将上图中虚框内的模型简化为以下模型：-UpssTW1S1+TW1SKS11+T1S1+TS1S1+TS2S1+TS3S1+TS4S1+TS5S1+TS6SA点B点C点序号频率f(Hz)无补偿Ф(°)有补偿Ф(°)计算PSS补偿Ф(°)计算有补偿Ф(°)10.1-21.1-60.6-44.6535-65.753520.2-32.6-77.8-48.4348-81.034830.3-42.5-88.6-42.9527-85.452740.4-49.7-84.9-36.0707-85.770750.5-55.0-79.9-29.3532-84.353260.6-59.1-83-23.1889-82.288970.7-64.3-82.7-17.633-81.93380.867.0-76-12.6384-79.638490.9-69.6-76.8-8.13336-77.7334101.0-71.1-73.5-4.04778-75.1478111.1-70.9-65.7-0.32103-71.221121.2-66.5-62.33.096905-63.4031131.3-67.3-60.86.24651-61.0535141.4-81.8-69.89.160416-72.6396151.5-92.6-79.811.865-80.735161.6-96.3-81.714.38177-81.9182171.7-100-81.916.72839-83.2716181.8-103-8318.91961-84.0804191.9-106-77.320.96788-85.0321202.0-106-85.322.88384-83.1162自并机系统PSS有无补偿表序号频率f(Hz)无补偿Ф(°)有补偿Ф(°)计算PSS补偿Ф(°)计算有补偿Ф(°)10.1-9.2-52.4-49.5288-58.728820.2-16.3-67.3-53.609-69.90930.3-29.2-74.4-48.5281-77.728140.4-34.7-78.0-41.5368-76.236850.5-48.8-79.0-34.1925-82.992560.6-62-82.4-27.0168-89.016870.7-68.4-84.3-20.2097-88.609780.8-79.1-86.0-13.8424-92.942490.9-83.7-87.7-7.92854-91.6285101.0-87.4-86.9-2.45527-89.8553111.1-91.7-86.72.601757-89.0982121.2-92.6-85.67.270938-85.3291131.3-96.1-81.811.58114-84.5189141.4-97.3-79.415.55999-81.74151.5-93.5-73.519.23325-74.2667161.6-87.3-61.822.62456-64.6754171.7-90.7-64.925.7555-64.9445181.8-103.9-75.628.64576-75.2542191.9-117.6-82.431.31329-86.2867202.0-119-85.133.77449-85.2255三机系统PSS有无补偿表无PSS5％阶跃投PSS1a5％阶跃投PSS2a5％阶跃1.无PSS低频振荡(0.62Hz)投PSS1a低频振荡(0.62Hz)1.投PSS2a低频振荡(0.62Hz)低励限制动作，无PSS功能低励限制动作，有PSS功能