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兰州市2017年高考诊断考试英语答案解析第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15题：每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATylerwasborninfectedwithHIVandhismotherwasalsoinfected.Fromtheverybeginningofhislife,hewasdependentonmedications(药物)toenablehimtosurvive.Whenhewasfive,hehadatubesurgically(外科手术上)insertedinavein（静脉）inhischest.Thistubewasconnectedtoapump,whichhecarriedinasmallbackpackonhisback.Medicationswereconnectedtothispumpandwerecontinuouslysuppliedthroughthistubetohisbloodstream.Attimes,healsoneededsupplementedoxygentosupporthisbreathing.Tylerwasn'twillingtogiveuponesinglemomentofhischildhoodtothisdeadlydisease.Itwasnotunusualtofindhimplayingandracingaroundhisbackyard,wearinghisbackpackanddragginghistankofoxygenbehindhiminhislittlewagon（小推车）.AllofuswhoknewTylerwereamazedathispurejoyinbeingaliveandtheenergyitgavehim.Tyler'smomoftenmadejokesonhimbytellinghimthathemovedsofastsheneededtodresshiminred.Thatway,whenshepeeredthroughthewindowtocheckonhimplayingintheyard,shecouldquicklyspothim.Thisterriblediseaseeventuallyworehimdown.Hegrewquiteilland,unfortunately,sodidhisHIV-infectedmother.Whenitbecameclearthathewasn'tgoingtosurvive,Tyler'smomtalkedtohimaboutdeath.ShecomfortedhimbytellingTylerthatshewasdyingtoo,andthatshewouldbewithhimsooninheaven.Afewdaysbeforehisdeath,Tylerbeckoned(召唤)meovertohishospitalbedandwhispered,Imightdiesoon.I'mnotscared.WhenIdie,pleasedressmeinred.Mompromisedshe'scomingtoheaven,too.I'llbeplayingwhenshegetsthere,andIwanttomakesureshecanfindme.1.WhydidTylerwearabackpackonhisbackwhenhewasyoung?A.Becausehismothergaveittohimasagift.B.Becausehehadnorighttochoosebuttowearit.C.Becausehewantedtobedifferentfromtheotherkids.D.Becausetherewasapumpinit,whichcouldhelpwithhisdisease.2.Tyleraskedthewritertodresshiminredwhenhediedinorderto.A.showredishisfavoritecolor.B.seethewriteragaininthehospital.C.makehismotherrecognizehimeasily.D.persuadehismothertokeepherpromise.3.What’sTyler’sattitudetowardsdeath?A.ExcitedB.FearfulC.DoubtfulD.Optimistic4.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusbywritingthispassage?A.Evenachildcanteachusalot.B.Patientsshouldbetreatedwithrespect.C.Peopleshouldhavegreatcouragetofacetheproblems.D.WeshouldtryourbesttohelpthosewhoareinfectedwithHIV.解析1.D细节理解题。根据第一段的“Whenhewasfive,hehadatubesurgically(外科手术上)insertedinavein（静脉）inhischest.Thistubewasconnectedtoapump,whichhecarriedinasmallbackpackonhisback.Medicationswereconnectedtothispumpandwerecontinuouslysuppliedthroughthistubetohisbloodstream.”可知答案。2.C细节理解题。根据第二段的“Tyler'smomoftenmadejokesonhimbytellinghimthathemovedsofastsheneededtodresshiminred.Thatway,whenshepeeredthroughthewindowtocheckonhimplayingintheyard,shecouldquicklyspothim”和最后一段Tyler给作者说的话Imightdiesoon.I'mnotscared.WhenIdie,pleasedressmeinred.Mompromisedshe'scomingtoheaven,too.I'llbeplayingwhenshegetsthere,andIwanttomakesureshecanfindme.可知，他想要在去世的时候穿红色衣服，目的是妈妈在天堂能容易地找到他。3.D推理判断题。根据最后一段的Imightdiesoon.I'mnotscared.”以及整篇文章的色彩可知，Tyler对待死亡的态度是乐观的。4.C写作意图题。尽管Tyler和他的妈妈都得了艾滋病，但是他们能勇敢地面对，作者的目的是告诉大家，不论遇到什么困难，要学会勇敢地面对。BWecanachieveknowledgeeitheractivelyorpassively.Weachieveitactivelybydirectexperience,bytestingandprovinganidea,orbyreasoning.Weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeoneelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVorreadnewspapersormagazinesispassive.Conditionedaswearetopassivelearning,itˊsnotsurprisingthatwedependonitinoureverydaycommunicationwithfriendsandco–workers.Unfortunately,passivelearninghasaseriousproblem.Itmakesustendtoacceptwhatwearetoldevenwhenitislittlemorethanhearsay（传闻）andrumor.DidyoueverplaythegameRumor?Itbeginswhenonepersonwritesdownamessagebutdoesnˊtshowittoanyone.Thenthepersonwhispersit,wordforword,toanotherperson.Thatperson,inturn,whispersittostillanother,andsoon,throughallthepeopleplayingthegame.Thelastpersonwritesdownthemessagewordforwordasheorshehearsit.Thenthetwowrittenstatementsarecompared.Typically,theoriginalmessagehaschanged.Thatˊswhathappensindailylife.Thesimplefactthatpeoplerepeatastoryintheirownwordschangesthestory.Then,too,mostpeoplelistenimperfectly.Andmanyenjoyaddingtheirowncreativetouchtoastory,tryingtoimproveonit,stampingitwiththeirownpersonalstyle.Yetthosewhohearitthinktheyknow.Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors:Astatementofopinionbyonewritermayberestatedasfactbyanother,whomayinturnbequotedbyyetanother;andthisprocessmaycontinue,unlessitoccurstosomeonetoquestionthefactsonwhichtheoriginalwriterbasedhisopinionortochallengetheinterpretationheplaceduponthosefacts.5.Accordingtothepassage,activelearningmayoccurin.A.readingscientificjournalsB.listeningtotheteacherinclassC.doingachemicalexperimentD.watchingnewsprogrammesonTV6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.classroomB.newspapersC.activelearningD.passivelearning7.ThegameRumorismentionedinParagraph2referto?A.playinggamescanmakepeoplemoreactiveB.peopletendtoliketellinglieswhenplayinggamesC.amessagemaybechangedwhenbeingpassedonD.peoplemayhaveproblemswiththeirsenseofhearing8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Scholarsandauthorscanˊtbetrusted.B.Pass