3种典型地区农村污水排放特征调查分析

59Vol．5No．920119ChineseJournalofEnvironmentalEngineeringSep．20113*100085。、、。、。。X501A1673-9108201109-2054-06InvestigationandanalysisofruralwastewaterdischargecharacteristicsinthreetypicalareasofChinaLiangHanwenLiuJunxinWeiYuansongGuoXuesongShanBaoqingResearchCenterforEco-EnvironmentalSciencesChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100085ChinaAbstractCurrentlytheratioofwastewatertreatmentisverylowinruralareasinChinaandtheenviron-mentalpollutionprobleminruralareashasbeenmoreandmorefocusedon．Inordertodeterminethecharacter-isticsofruralwastewaterinChinaandprovideaccuratebasicdataforwastewatertreatmentinruralareasthevil-lagesofwatersourcereserveupstreamwatershedinBeijingrivernetworkzoneinZhejiangProvinceandtouristareainYunnanProvincewereselectedasthestudyareasrespectivelythecharacteristicsofruralwastewaterdischargingwereinvestigated．Theinvestigatedmethodsincludedcorrespondingdatacollectionhouseholdinves-tigationandsampleanalysis．Theresultsrevealedthatdomesticwastewaterlivestockandpoultryraisingwastewaterwerethemainsourcesofpointpollutionthehabitofwaterconsumptionwasnotthesameindifferentruralregionstheruleofwastewaterdischargingwasalsodifferentthecreekinrivernetworkzonewasheavilypollutedandbecametherecessivepollutionsourcethecharacteristicsofruralwastewaterweresignificantlyaf-fectedbythechangeofseasonsintouristareas．Keywordsruralwastewaterruralpollutioncharacteristicsquantityofruralwaterconsumptionlive-stockandpoultryraisingwastewater“”2009BAC57B02“”2009ZX07318-0062010－01－052010－05－051982～。[e-mail]*[e-mail]90%60%1-3。60、2507．63496%5。。、、6。。。。。、、、、93、36。11．12-1#-2#。、。。1。3-1#～-3#。、。23。3。20m。1。13233。Ⅰ7。200750。。53．36hm2364150。200。。、。。。、、。。。1Table1Naturalconditionsofinvestigatedvillagesinawatersourcereserveareakm2/ahm2-1#10．023006250-2#9．811004200/142//80//2Table2Naturalconditionsofinvestigatedvillagesinarivernetworkareakm2/ahm2-1#4．7622457300-2#5．7623956946-3#7．131946809、、、315、、、、325、、458、、33Table3Industrialconditionsinthreeinvestigatedvillages-1#、、、、-2#、、、、、、-3#、、、、、、、550251．2、、、、。、3。。1．3pH、SS、CODMn、COD、NH3-N、NO－3-N、TN、TP89。DOWTW-Multi340iCellOx325。2、、4。。。、、、。。1、、、2/、/345。2．112～6。218～35L/d550～70L/d。。1Fig.1KitchenwaterconsumptionofthehouseholdsinMiyunwatersourcereservearea。。。225L/·d20～30d1。pH6.28COD709mg/LNH3-H43mg/LTN55mg/LTP5.14mg/L。。-1#、、。、1415～10157103234。26。、。。3。Ⅲ7。2．23、650293。80%10%10.6%。100～200L60%。70～140L。。45。、。。。。4Fig.4Kitchenwaterconsumptionofahouseholdinrivernetworkarea、ⅴ7。4。4Table4Domesticwastewaterqualityofhouseholdsmg/LCODSSNH3-NTPTN-1#123108803440937023702304368149035618．476．1051．1647554．096．4950．7732．3663．9326．78169—-2#121501681021325．803．262．74331．31347．434．68。、、。5。6250m。5Table5Analysisofwastewaterqualityinlivestockandpoultryfarmsmg/LCODSSNH3-NTPTN-1#1a214092130667388245．2258．1423．3936．48249．2780．71-2#11305750380750——4．9894．4522．35—-3#86401590488021．333910．9029199．560．05—5．2801a。750256Table6Qualityoflivestockandpoultryraisingwastewaterinahouseholdwithintensiveculturemg/LCODSSNH3-NTNTP12587244027430132．82158559224530323．3436453801052682．6143321308289．232．811715623．628．9668．456COD、。、COD、SS、NH3-NTN。TP。。37～9。。2．3。4。1AH、2BH3CH4DH。74。7AH6．25～203．75L85L。。BH、、80～100L。CH140～356L193LAHBH。67AHCH。DH95L。。。、pH7．1～7．3COD162～242mg/LNH3-N28～68mg/LTP3．9～4．9mg/L。。。787AH、BH、CHDHTable7WaterconsumptionofaboriginalandtouristsinAHBHCHandDHAHPCWCDL/·dBHBLSCHPCWCDL/·dDHBLSPCWCDL/·d53140203．751086244512182．35131132765．0061406．251201022456153．5534132061．65624062．5401216553152．5069153041．67634095．7553412153140．0044101875．506440111．750044053182．5039719207．63654023．50431017153232．50713113129．5266409．250022454145．563339193．336740166．2546616553355．6346172784．74BLSPCWCD。8502931000/d150290m3/d1、2、312100m3/d。2．414550～70L/d80～130L/d。70～140L/·d25L/·d、。。7。。。。。2。、。1、212。31。2、。。3。4、。5。1．2006．20072．2007．20083．2007、．20084．20051%．20065．．20056．．20061227-32CuiMingQinZhihaoTangCongetal．CategorizationandmodestudyofnewvillageconstructioninChina．CityPlanningReview20061227-32inChinese7．GB3838-2002．/20028StandardMethodsfortheExaminationofWaterandWastewater．20thednAmericanPublicHealthAssocia-tion/AmericanWaterWorksAssociation/WaterEnviron-mentFederationWashingtonDCUSA．19989．3．19989502