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October20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH1CaseStudiesofTechnologicallyAdvancedSludgeTreatmentinGermany(Mannheim)德国（曼海姆）污泥处理先进技术介绍Dr.-Ing.PANBoshou潘伯寿博士ProjectDirector项目总管PöyryEnvironmentGmbH贝利环境咨询公司MannheimGermany德国曼海姆Sino-GermanTrainingonSewageSludgeTreatmentandManagement中德合作培训污泥处理及管理October20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH2TableofContents目录1.曼海姆污水处理厂概述OverviewonMannheimWasteWaterTreatmentPlant曼海姆城市污水处理的发展DevelopmentofWasteWaterTreatmentintheCityofMannheim污泥处理主要构筑物Importantstructuresofsewagesludgetreatment污泥处置方案Waysforsewagesludgedisposal2.污泥气化处理GasificationTreatment原理Principles工艺流程Technologicalprocess曼海姆污泥气化厂设计参数Designparameter运行经验Operationexperience3.污泥气化处理的前景ProspectsofgasificationtreatmentOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH3曼海姆污水处理厂概述OverviewofMannheimWasteWaterTreatmentPlant曼海姆市人口为31.5万Population315.000污水处理厂WWTP设计有机负荷处理能力75万人口当量Designedtotreattheorganicloadingof750.000people设计日处理能力为10.3万吨Designedtotreat103.000t/day最大晴天峰值流量为2m³/sPeakflowvolumeonasunnyday:2m³/s最大雨天峰值流量为4m³/sPeakflowvolumeonarainyday:4m³/s外加,最大雨水处理峰值流量为6.3m³/sInaddition,peakflowvolumeforrainwatertreatment:6.3m³/sOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH4曼海姆城市污水处理的发展DevelopmentofWasteWaterTreatmentintheCityofMannheimLonghistorybacktobeginoflastcentury污水处理厂追溯到上世纪初October20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH5PreviousStatusforBODremoval以前用于去除BOD的状况Bigvolumeofprimarysettlingtanks,anaerobicdigester初沉池容积大；具有厌氧消化池曼海姆城市污水处理的发展DevelopmentofWasteWaterTreatmentintheCityofMannheimOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH6Extendedattheendoflastcentury上世纪末扩建后的状况Reducedvolumeofprimarysettlingtank初沉池容积缩小TomeetstricterrequirementsforN-,P-removalandsludgedisposal满足更严格的氮磷去除和污泥处置要求曼海姆城市污水处理的发展DevelopmentofWasteWaterTreatmentintheCityofMannheimOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH7曼海姆城市污水处理的现状CurrentSituationofWasteWaterTreatmentinMannheim雨水处理Rainwatertreatment污泥处理Sewagesludgetreatment过滤处理Filtrationtreatment生物处理Biologicaltreatment进水及初级处理InflowandprimarytreatmentOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH8污泥处理工艺SewageSludgeTreatmenttechnologyOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH9污泥处理主要构筑物ImportantStructuresofSewageSludgeTreatment1初沉污泥离心浓缩机PrimarySludgeThickener2台每台25m³/h，10-12%DS2剩余污泥离心浓缩机ResidualSludgeThickener3台每台40-70m³/h，10-12%DSOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH103消化池Digester3个卵形池，总容积22,500m3，机械搅拌进泥量600m³/d,消化温度36℃，停留时间37.5d污泥处理主要构筑物ImportantStructuresofSewageSludgeTreatmentOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH114贮气柜Gasstoragecabinet2个每个3000m³，产气量17500Nm³/d,20mbar5沼气发动机Methaneengine3台每台1000kW污泥处理主要构筑物ImportantStructuresofSewageSludgeTreatmentOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH126污泥离心脱水Centrifugalhydroextractor3台每台8/14m³/h，30%DS，泥量120吨/d7污泥干化SludgeDrying2台每台蒸发量1.71tH2O/h,95%DS,干污泥38t/d,10000t/a污泥处理主要构筑物ImportantStructuresofSewageSludgeTreatmentOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH13污泥处置发展DevelopmentofSewageSludgeDisposalConstraints制约因素Lawsandregulations法律和法规Compositionofthesludge污泥的成分Economic经济性DisposalWays处置方式Agriculture农用Landfill填埋Drying干化-Combinedincinerationinwasteincinerationplant垃圾焚烧厂混合焚烧-Combinedincinerationincementplant水泥厂混合焚烧October20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH14污泥处置方案WaysforSewageSludgeDisposalRaisedQuestionforfuturesustainablesludgedisposalway考虑未来污泥处置方式的可持续性Monoincinerationplant单独焚烧厂Gasificationplant污泥气化厂Decisionfor决定采用GasificationplantofCompanyKOPFSynGasofSSKGroupKOPF公司的污泥气化处理先进技术October20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH15污泥处置方案WaysforSewageSludgeDisposalReasonsforDecision:决策的理由•advancedtechnology技术先进•wellexperiencedwithapilotplant(1000DS/a)具有每年一千吨中试厂的运行经验•screeningsfromthescreensalsobedisposed格删的栅渣可以混合处理•recyclingthesolidmaterialandthesynthesizedgas可回收利用固体物质和合成气体•Betterenvironmentalsituation(energyefficiency,emission,transport)更好的环境因素（能效、有害气体释放、运输）•Economicadvantageandminorinvestmentrisk(equiv.BOTwith1yearstableoperation)经济优势和较小的投资风险（相当于BOT，含一年稳定运行）October20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH16污泥气化处理的原理PrincipalsofGasificationTreatmentHeatvalueofseveralmaterials几种物质的热值•软褐煤8.4MJ/kg•硬褐煤17MJ/kg•鲜木材8.4MJ/kg•汽油42MJ/kg•稳定污泥6.7MJ/kg•生污泥12MJ/kgOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH17Definition定义含碳固体可燃物质在有氧化介质（空气、氧气、水蒸汽）的情况下，通过热化学转换形成气态能源物质的过程。污泥气化处理的原理PrincipalsofGasificationTreatmentOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH18气化过程的相关反应步骤•干化Drying==剩余湿度的蒸发evaporationofwater•裂解Pyrolysis==液态组成部分的释放releaseofliquidcomponentparts•气化Gasification==碳物质的部分氧化partialoxidationofsolidcarbon-containingsubstance•气相反应Gasphasereaction==上述反应中形成的气体物质的反应Reactionofthegasmattersformedduringtheabovementionedreaction污泥气化处理的原理PrincipalsofGasificationTreatmentOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH19气化过程中的重要反应Importantreactionsduringthegasificationprocess•1C+O2==CO2+H+∆H•2C+½O2==CO+H+∆H•3C+2H2==CH4+H+∆H•4C+H2O==H2+CO–H-∆H•5C+CO2==2CO–H-∆H•62CO+2H2==CO2+CH4–H-∆H•7CO+H2O==CO2+H2-H-∆H•Boudouard平衡:第五化学反应式极大地依赖于反应温度•在ca.450°C:98.5%CO21.5%CO•在ca.950°C:98.5%CO1.5%CO2污泥气化处理的原理PrincipalsofGasificationTreatmentOctober20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH20污泥气化处理的工艺流程干污泥气化塔October20-21,2011PöyryEnvironmentGmbH21曼海姆污泥气化厂设计参数DesignParameteroftheMannheimSewageSludgeGasificationPlant一期气化站的有关参数Fi